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Final Exam: Understanding Human Trafficking, Exams of Advanced Education

Abilene Christian University (ACU)Advanced Education

A final exam study guide focused on human trafficking. It covers key definitions, myths, types of trafficking (sex, labor, transnational, domestic), and the roles of various actors involved. It also addresses the extent of human trafficking globally and in specific regions like texas, consequences for victims, risk factors, and relevant legal frameworks such as the palermo protocol and u.s. Government responses, including t visas and hate crime legislation. The guide also includes information about bonded and forced labor, involuntary domestic servitude, and the repatriation of victims.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 10/09/2025

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Final Exam
Human trafficking - correct answer Involuntary servitude, slavery, debt bondage and
forced labor
The Myths of Human Trafficking - correct answer 1) Trafficked persons can only be
foreign nationals or are only immigrants from other countries
2) Human trafficking is essentially a crime that must involve some form of travel,
transportation, or movement across state or national borders
3) Human trafficking is another term for human smuggling
Transnational trafficking - correct answer When persons are transported into another
country
Domestic trafficking - correct answer Trafficking that is done within a country's
borders
Origin - correct answer Popular source countries (supply the victims for human
trafficking)
Destination - correct answer Countries that receive victims of human trafficking
Difference between a trafficking victim and an illegal immigrant worker - correct
answer
Sex trafficking - correct answer Trafficking related to sexual exploitation; the
recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision or obtaining of a person for the
purpose of a commercial sex act
How does the TVPA define severe forms of trafficking? - correct answer Those
instances when a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, and coercion or in
which the person induced to perform such act has not attained 18 years of age
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Final Exam

Human trafficking - correct answer Involuntary servitude, slavery, debt bondage and forced labor The Myths of Human Trafficking - correct answer 1) Trafficked persons can only be foreign nationals or are only immigrants from other countries

  1. Human trafficking is essentially a crime that must involve some form of travel, transportation, or movement across state or national borders
  2. Human trafficking is another term for human smuggling Transnational trafficking - correct answer When persons are transported into another country Domestic trafficking - correct answer Trafficking that is done within a country's borders Origin - correct answer Popular source countries (supply the victims for human trafficking) Destination - correct answer Countries that receive victims of human trafficking Difference between a trafficking victim and an illegal immigrant worker - correct answer Sex trafficking - correct answer Trafficking related to sexual exploitation; the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision or obtaining of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act How does the TVPA define severe forms of trafficking? - correct answer Those instances when a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, and coercion or in which the person induced to perform such act has not attained 18 years of age

Commercial sex - correct answer Money or something of monetary value (drugs, shelter, food, clothes, etc. is exchanged for a sex act) Sex trafficking - correct answer When a person is bought or sold for sexual use and the exchange somehow benefits another person In the U.S., if the victim is under the age of _______, there does not have to be force, fraud or coercion in order for sex trafficking to occur - correct answer 18 Reasons why human trafficking remains undetected - correct answer 1) Human trafficking is underground and hidden by its nature; it occurs out of sight of people

  1. Many countries do not take trafficking seriously and law enforcement often participates in it
  2. Most victims do not report their victimizations to authorities What do we know about the extent of human trafficking? (Globally) - correct answer In early estimates, about 50,000 women/children and more recent estimates show 14,000-17,000 individuals trafficked annually ________ million adults and children are trafficked across the globe - correct answer 2.5 million In the private economy, ________% of men are exploited in labour - correct answer 60% In the private economy, _________% of women are sexually exploited - correct answer 98% Less than ______% of current trafficking victims have been identified - correct answer 1% What do we know about the extent of human trafficking? (In Texas) - correct answer El Paso and Houston are major HT centers, 38% of all calls to the National Trafficking

Domestic minor sex trafficking - correct answer When minors are sold for sex or a sexually-related activity such as prostitution, stripping, or exotic dancing, and/or child pornography The average age into prostitution into the US - correct answer 12-14 years of age Main points of entry - correct answer Kidnapped and controlled with physical force, lured via the pretense of love/affection and via false promises, sold by a trafficker and survival sex Consequences of human trafficking - correct answer Physical effect starts to take a toll on the bodies that are either immediate and long-lasting. Health consequences occur such as headaches, dizzy spells, back pain, stomach pain, gynecological symptoms. Psychological effects include PTSD, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts Risk factors of human trafficking - correct answer Physical/sexual/psychological abuse, poor living and working conditions, disease exposure, social isolation and captivity, forced use of drugs/alcohol, poverty Palermo Protocol - correct answer The international protocol that called for the criminalization of human trafficking and outlined how governments should respond to the problem of trafficking "3P" paradigm of government response - correct answer Prevention, Criminal Prosecution and Victim Protection US government's response to human trafficking - correct answer Adoption of formal law enforcement task forces/investigative entities vacation of criminal convictions for minors/ST victims "certification" for trafficking victim that are non-US citizens

  • be willing to assist in investigation and prosecution of trafficking cases
  • complete a bona fide application for a T visa or received Continued Presence from the Dept. of Homeland Security to be able to contribute to the prosecution of human traffickers

T visa - correct answer Allows victims of human trafficking to become temporary residents of the US and after 3 years, persons with T visas can be eligible for permanent resident status Human smuggling - correct answer A crime against a country's borders Hate crime - correct answer When an offender targets someone based on sexual orientation, race or religion Hate Crime Statistics Act (1990) - correct answer The attorney general was required to collect data on hate crimes perpetrated based on race, religion, sexual orientation and ethnicity; it was later expanded via the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crime Prevention Act - correct answer Crimes motivated by bias against gender and gender identity and crimes committed by and against juveniles were included in the hate crimes data collection efforts Screen question (2000) - correct answer The question that was included in the data collection where persons were asked if they suspected that they were victimized based on one or more of their personal characteristics Secondary victimization - correct answer When someone suffers similar psychological consequences to those of the direct victims when identifying with them Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996 - correct answer Act that prohibits damage to religious property because of the religious, racial or ethnic characteristics of the property Labor trafficking - correct answer Human trafficking used to exploit someone for labor Bonded labor (debt bondage) - correct answer The most common method of enslaving victims and it occurs when a person is enslaved to work off a debt he or

Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act (2001) - correct answer Act established a compensation fund for victims who were killed or physically harmed; they, their spouses and/or their dependents may receive benefits from the fund