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Women's Health Exam: Questions and
Answers for Medical Students, Exams of
Health sciences
True or False? From its beginning, the women's health movement embraced and advocated for women of all races and economic backgrounds. - //correct answer//False True or False? The most effective way to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases in populations is to ignore gender—to treat men and women as complete equals. - //correct answer//False True or False? The federal government's role in funding biomedical research is significant. - //correct answer//True True or False? Susan Wood was the top official in charge of women's health at the FDA. - //correct answer//True True or False? Revisions to FDA policies in 1993 required drug studies to include women of childbearing age. - //correct answer//True True or False? Factors such as the hormonal variations caused by the menstrual cycle and the possible effects of a trial on a developing fetus can pose statistical and ethical challenges for clinical investigators. - //correct answer//True Define Feminism - //correct answer//Feminism is the idea that women should have the same political, economic, and social rights as men. During the U.S. Civil War, who led a national effort to organize a nursing corps to care for the war's wounded and sick? - //correct answer//Dortha Dix and Clara Barton What Amendment to the U.S. Constitution gave women the right to vote? - //correct answer//19th Amendment During World War II, many women entered the U.S. workforce. What happened to most of these women at the end of the war when men returned from the front? - //correct answer//The women were pressure to leave the workforce and return to the home/domestic household work. What year did the FDA approve the birth control pill? - //correct answer// 1960
What is the main objective of the Family and Medical Leave Act? - //correct answer//Gives employees unpaid medical leave for themselves or the care of a family member or a newborn or adopted infant. Which of the following is true about the feminist movement? - //correct answer//It continues to evolve while pursuing the idea that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men. As of 2012, roughly how many women are in the U.S. Senate? - //correct answer// 20 What did the NIH Revitalization Act do for women's health? - //correct answer//The NIH Revitalization Act required that women and minorities be included as subjects in all human subjects research funded by the NIH. The inclusion of women broadened the scientific knowledge base necessary for developing sex specific diagnostic techniques, preventive measures, and effective treatments for diseases and conditions affecting women throughout their lifespans. Which of the following statements is true? - //correct answer//A. Research from the completed Human Genome Project promises to significantly improve the public health. B. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) oversee all government- sponsored women's health initiatives. C. Medical research has largely refuted the idea of biological differences between the sexes beyond the reproductive organs. D. All of these are correct. Define maternal mortality. How has this area changed in the past century? Name two factors that contributed to this change. - //correct answer//Maternal mortality is a disability, disease or death related to pregnancy or childbirth. Maternal mortality has changed in the past century as the rate of death for the mother during childbirth had decreased to half the number of earlier centuries an d infants have a 0.6% chance of dying during or after childbirth. Two factors that have contribute to the cause of lower rates would be knowledge of germ theory and access to family planning services. Gender-based research has determined that women and men experience heart attacks differently. Explain how including women in treatment research in the heart attack space improves the medical care that a woman suffering a heart attack will receive. - //correct answer//Inclusion of women in treatment research improves care that a women suffering a heart attack will receive because the medical field can have a better understanding of why women suffer heart attacks more in comparison in men to reduce the factors which will lessen the death total as well. Not only that, bu t a better understanding of why the symptoms present the way they do could lead to a better treatment options and medicine for controlling symptoms that can or will occur. Finally, if it's common for women to have a second heart attack shortly after their first, then she can be better prepared for the next one or perhaps treatment can go in to prevent it from even occurring at all.
Which of the following statements is true? - //correct answer//A. Although most health insurance plans include deductibles, the more expensive plans require higher deductibles. B. Federal legislation mandates that patients pay the same co-payment, regardless of their health insurance. C. A benefit cap is the maximum amount the health insurance provider will pay for a patient's healthcare costs. D. All of these are correct. In most industrialized countries, the majority of people: - //correct answer//Get health insurance through a centralized government source Which of the following participants shape the direction of health care in the United States? - //correct answer//Physicians, Patients and Insurers What percent of the current gross domestic product (GDP) is spent on health care? - //correct answer//17.9% In a third-party healthcare system, what is the consumer responsible to pay? - //correct answer//A premium, copayment and/or deductible. What year were Medicaid and Medicare enacted? - //correct answer// 1960 Managed healthcare was introduced as a method to: - //correct answer//Control healthcare costs In a fee-for-service payment environment, what incentives do the physicians have? - //correct answer//In a fee-for-service payment environment, physicians were given a fee for each service given to a patient The emphasis on managed health care in the United States in the 1990s did which of the following? - //correct answer//Slowed but did not stop the growth in healthcare spending Which of the following is a type of managed care plan? - //correct answer//HMO (Health maintenance organization) Which of the following statements are true> - //correct answer//A. Men make most of the healthcare decisions for their families. B. Women are increasingly the target of pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers. C. In the past 40 years, women have increased their participation in the workforce. D. Women are more likely than men to manage the bills in their families. What are the main arguments for and against a universal health system? - //correct answer//The main argument for universal health system is that healthcare is a right and
not a privilege therefore, every citizen is entitled to revive healthcare. Meanwhile, the argument against universal health system is the overly cost approach and many prefer to have a private sector to manage and fund health care through a free market approach. Briefly define what Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) are and how they might lower healthcare costs. - //correct answer//. Accountable Care Organizations are providers like hospitals who take complete responsibility for the care of a patient rather then just providing isolated services. The ACOs might lower medical cost as the providers aren't paid for each medical service provided but paid a fixed fee for the overall care and quality, then the cost would lower while the quality of service goes up. What is the difference between a health insurance copayment and a deductible? - //correct answer//A copayment is either a flat rate or percentage that an individual pays to receive healthcare insurance from either a public source like the government or private source like from an employer. Some insurances, then require the individual to pay a deductible or a certain amount before the insurance company will begin to pay for anything. For example, let's say a woman gets health insurance from her employer, she pays a copayment fee of $24 dollars a week to have the insurance but had a $ deductible. That means any doctor visits, medicine, or any other healthcare she gets will come from her own pocket until she pays $1,000 dollars. Once she had reached that deductible, then the health insurance covers everything else for her for the rest of the year. Name two reasons why Medicaid has become increasingly important to the women's health movement. - //correct answer//One reason Medicaid is important to woman's health as it provides free preventive care such a mammogram, smoking incentives, sexually transmitted disease screenings, breastfeeding counseling and more. Preventive care is important for women as it prevents diseases from occurring or getting too far along that they become untreatable or too costly. Another reason Medicaid is important to women because women typically live longer then men and when entering into a retirement home, Medicaid will cover expenses once that individual has no life savings left. Fall-related injuries are of special concern to elderly women suffering from which illness or chronic condition?: - //correct answer//Osteoporosis and arthritis During their senior years, women should engage in which lifestyle habits and or medical checkups? - //correct answer//Annual screenings for high blood pressure, cholesterol screening, periodic height and weight measurements, clinical breast examinations yearly, initial assessment of cognitive function, behavioral assessments, routine mammograms, periodic evaluation for hearing loss, thyroid-simulating hormone test, bone mineral density test and annual vaccines. Aging women should obtain which type of screenings annually - //correct answer//Clinical Breast Examination
True or False? Depression is a chronic disease that occurs almost exclusively during or after menopause. - //correct answer//False True or False? A woman's behavior can often determine whether she gets a chronic disease, as well as the chronic disease's course of infection. - //correct answer//True True or False? Rates of depression fall sharply for women over the age of 65 - //correct answer//False Define epidemiology, prevalence, and incidence - //correct answer//Epidemiology is the study of pattern of a disease in a new population. Prevalence is the total number of people affected by illness at a given point in time and during a period of time. Incidence is new cases of a condition that occurs during a specific period of time. Name four preventive health actions women can take to help stay healthy throughout their lives. - //correct answer//Good nutrition, regular physical activity, adequate sleep and healthy sexual activity are essential for health in all life stages. Name two health-related difficulties resulting from aging and describe how they can make independent living difficult. - //correct answer//Conditions like osteoporosis and arthritis can make independent living difficult as a fall is dangerous for women when these conditions and doing basic activities as well. Vision and hearing loss can also provide difficulties for living independently as well. How do the leading causes of death vary for adolescents and women under 25 compared to middle-aged women (ages 45 to 64)? - //correct answer//The leading death vary for adolescents and young adults compared to middle-aged women as those under 25 years old are more likely to participate in risky behaviors than middle-age women. Unprotected sex, large amounts of alcohol consumed, tattoos & piercings in unsanitary environments and drug use.
