Final review research method | Essays (university) Research Methodology

Final Exam Review for Research Methodology (RES301):

1. Define the term “Review of Literature”, and what is objectives and significance of review of

literature?

A literature review is an evaluative report of information found in the literature related to

your selected area of study. The review should describe, summaries, evaluate and clarify

this literature. It should give a theoretical base for the research and help you (the author)

determine the nature of your research. Works which are irrelevant should be discarded and

those which are peripheral should be looked at critically. The objectives of literature review:

oExpand understanding of the management dilemma.

oLook for ways others have addressed and/or solved problems similar to the

management dilemma.

oGather background information on the topic to refine the research questions.

oIdentify sources for and actual sample frames that might be used in sample design.

The significance of literature review:

oFacilitates in selecting a research problem - most simple method of formulating

precisely the research problem.

oHelps in two ways: surfaces researches already done in the same field and makes

aware of the current research.

oFacilitates in formulating relevant hypotheses.

oDemarcates the boundaries of the research presently undertaken.

oEstablishes the size and extent of the research to be undertaken.

oExamines the procedures and instruments for employing in research.

oAssesses the theme in better perspective in the light of several theories and models.

oJustifies the contribution of the theme to the existing body of knowledge.

oAvoids unnecessary repetition of research already undertaken.

oHelps in building the quality of research material.

oDevelops the ability of the researcher to recognize and select the relevant materials

used for research.

oFacilitates in critical understanding towards others’ research.

oDiscovers inconsistencies, wrong designs and incorrect statistical conclusions.

2. Explain the need of review of the literature and enumerate the sources of review of literature.

The needs:

oDefine the problem or questions.

oConsult encyclopedia, dictionaries, hand books, text books to identify key terms or

events relevant to the problem or questions.

oApply these key terms or events in searching indexes, bibliographies and the web to

identify specific secondary sources.

oLocate and review specific secondary sources for relevance.

oEvaluate the value of each source and its contents.

oSummarize the writers thought in your own words.

oHelps in eliminating the danger of plagiarism, also force the researcher to

understand the information.

Partial preview of the text

Download Final review research method and more Essays (university) Research Methodology in PDF only on Docsity!

Final Exam Review for Research Methodology (RES301):

Define the term “Review of Literature”, and what is objectives and significance of review of literature?  A literature review is an evaluative report of information found in the literature related to your selected area of study. The review should describe, summaries, evaluate and clarify this literature. It should give a theoretical base for the research and help you (the author) determine the nature of your research. Works which are irrelevant should be discarded and those which are peripheral should be looked at critically. The objectives of literature review: o Expand understanding of the management dilemma. o Look for ways others have addressed and/or solved problems similar to the management dilemma. o Gather background information on the topic to refine the research questions. o Identify sources for and actual sample frames that might be used in sample design.  The significance of literature review: o Facilitates in selecting a research problem - most simple method of formulating precisely the research problem. o Helps in two ways: surfaces researches already done in the same field and makes aware of the current research. o Facilitates in formulating relevant hypotheses. o Demarcates the boundaries of the research presently undertaken. o Establishes the size and extent of the research to be undertaken. o Examines the procedures and instruments for employing in research. o Assesses the theme in better perspective in the light of several theories and models. o Justifies the contribution of the theme to the existing body of knowledge. o Avoids unnecessary repetition of research already undertaken. o Helps in building the quality of research material. o Develops the ability of the researcher to recognize and select the relevant materials used for research. o Facilitates in critical understanding towards others’ research. o Discovers inconsistencies, wrong designs and incorrect statistical conclusions.
Explain the need of review of the literature and enumerate the sources of review of literature.  The needs: o Define the problem or questions. o Consult encyclopedia, dictionaries, hand books, text books to identify key terms or events relevant to the problem or questions. o Apply these key terms or events in searching indexes, bibliographies and the web to identify specific secondary sources. o Locate and review specific secondary sources for relevance. o Evaluate the value of each source and its contents. o Summarize the writers thought in your own words. o Helps in eliminating the danger of plagiarism, also force the researcher to understand the information.

o In case of writing quotation, rewrite it absolutely correctly. Be careful to spell correctly. o Distinguish a direct quotation and a summary made by you. o Long quotations should be Photostatted and kept for final entry into thesis. o Helps in saving time and eliminating unnecessary rewriting errors.  The sources: o Five factors of evaluating the quality of information sources are:  Purpose  Scope  Authority  Audience  Format

Describe the principles and procedures of review of literature.  Start with the most recent works and work back to earlier works. Recent works lead to older works by referring to them and not the opposite.  Helps in removing earlier misunderstandings and chances of accepting outdated theories.  Start with the works of recognized writers dealing with the specific theme.  Start with articles, dissertations as they are well documented and show other relevant sources.  Start with the reading of an abstract or summary of a book or article to know its relevance to the present theme (First do not read a source in its entirely).  Helps in saving time and identifying relevant literature without much frustration.  Go through the whole chapter or section before starting of any notes.  Helps in linking the present theme with it and determines the kinds of notes to be made.  Source and relevant page number should be clearly entered.  Helps in avoiding confusion at a later stage.  Summarize the writers thought in your own words.  Helps in eliminating the danger of plagiarism, also force the researcher to understand the information.  In case of writing quotation, rewrite it absolutely correctly. Be careful to spell correctly.  Distinguish a direct quotation and a summary made by you.  Long quotations should be Photostatted and kept for final entry into thesis.  Helps in saving time and eliminating unnecessary rewriting errors.  Ensure that each source should be dealt with as accurately as possible.
Define the term “Hypothesis” and Enumerate and characteristics of Hypothesis.  Hypothesis refers to a mere assumption to be proved or disproved. In research, it is a formal question that the researcher intends to resolve. The word hypothesis consists of two words: Hypo + thesis = Hypothesis Hypo’ means tentative or subject to the verification and ‘Thesis’ means statement about solution of a problem.

H 0 : p = 0. Ha: p <> 0. Suppose we flipped the coin 50 times, resulting in 40 Heads and 10 Tails. Given this result, we would be inclined to reject the null hypothesis. That is, we would conclude that the coin was probably not fair and balanced. o

What is research problem? And, explain the classification of research.  A research problem is the demarcation of a problem area within a certain context involving the WHO or WHAT, the WHERE, the WHEN and the WHY of the problem situation. o 1. What is your research (What)? 2. Why do you want to do this research (Why)? 3. Who will be your participate (Who)? 4. When are you going to research (When)? 5. Where are you going to conduct research(Where)  There are 8 types of research: o 1. Collecting primary data, which might be obtained firsthand from non-published information sources – Primary research. Primary information comes from – observations, surveys, interviews and experiments. o 2. Searching through publications (books, journals, magazines, reports, newspapers, government documents, etc.) and looking for answers to questions – secondary research. It allows researchers to save their time and resource. o 3. Basic research seeks to further human knowledge. Does not necessarily solve a specific problem. Known as “Pure” or “Fundamental” research. o 4. Applied research is problem oriented. Seeks to solve specific problems by providing information that will facilitate an appropriate decision. Applied research is what business people carry out to get information for decisions. o 5. A reporting study provides summation of data or to generate some statistics. It calls for knowledge and skill with information sources. Usually requires little inference or conclusion drawing. o 6. Descriptive Research: Attempts to find answers to questions – who, what, when, where and how. Does not explain why an event has occurred or why the variables interact the way they do. Involves collection of data and observation of a single characteristic or event (research variable). May involved the interaction of two or more variables (correlation studies). Is quite popular in business research. o 7. Explanatory Research: Goes beyond description. Attempts to explain the reasons for the phenomenon (not in descriptive studies as it only observed). Uses hypotheses to find out the causes for a certain phenomenon. o 8. Predictive Research: Tries to find out when and in what situation the event will occur? Calls for a high order of inference making. In business research, predictive research helps to evaluate specific courses of action or to forecast current and future values.

Explain the induction and deduction in research reason.  Deductive reasoning works from the more general to the more specific. Sometimes this is informally called a "top-down" approach. We might begin with thinking up a theory about our topic of interest. We then narrow that down into more specific hypotheses that we can test. We narrow down even further when we collect observations to address the hypotheses. This ultimately leads us to be able to test the hypotheses with specific data -- a confirmation (or not) of our original theories. 

Final review research method, Essays (university) of Research Methodology

Related documents

Partial preview of the text

Download Final review research method and more Essays (university) Research Methodology in PDF only on Docsity!