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Fingerprint Classification and Identification
Questions With Complete Solutions
Recording and classifying prints The process of creating and categorizing fingerprints. Rolling inked prints Taking fingerprints by rolling the fingers in ink and then onto a surface. Loops A type of fingerprint pattern with one or more ridges entering and exiting from the same side. Whorls A type of fingerprint pattern with at least one ridge that makes a complete circuit. Arches A type of fingerprint pattern with friction ridges that enter on one side of the finger and cross to the other side while rising upward in the middle. Ridge characteristics
Distinct features of ridge patterns in fingerprints, such as ridge endings, islands, bridges, deltas, bifurcations, dots, spurs, and trifurcations. Primary identification number A unique number assigned to each fingerprint for identification purposes. Lifting prints The process of collecting fingerprints from a surface using techniques like powder and chemicals. Black powder A type of powder used to develop fingerprints on light-colored surfaces. White powder A type of powder used to develop fingerprints on dark-colored surfaces. Fluorescent powder A type of powder that fluoresces under certain lighting conditions, making fingerprints visible. Ninhydrin A chemical used to develop latent fingerprints by reacting with amino acids present in the prints.
A fingerprint pattern with friction ridges that enter on one side of the finger and cross to the other side while rising upward in the middle. It does not have type lines, deltas, or cores. Loop A fingerprint pattern with one or more ridges entering and exiting from the same side. It must have at least one delta. Whorl A fingerprint pattern with at least one ridge that makes a complete circuit. It must have at least two deltas and a core. Plain loop A type of loop fingerprint pattern that opens toward the thumb. Tented loop A type of loop fingerprint pattern that opens toward the little finger. Radial loop A type of loop fingerprint pattern that opens toward the thumb. Ulnar loop A type of loop fingerprint pattern that opens toward the little finger. Plain whorl
A type of whorl fingerprint pattern with a central pocket and at least two deltas. Central pocket whorl A type of whorl fingerprint pattern with a central pocket and at least two deltas. Double loop A type of whorl fingerprint pattern made of two loops. Accidental whorl A type of whorl fingerprint pattern that does not fit into other categories. Primary classification A classification system for fingerprints, such as the Henry-FBI Classification System, where each finger is given a point value. Latent prints Fingerprints that are not visible to the naked eye and require development to become visible. Eccrine glands Glands in the skin that secrete largely water, with both inorganic and organic compounds. Most important for fingerprints. Apocrine glands
The use of body metrics for identification purposes, such as fingerprints, retinal patterns, iris patterns, voice recognition, and hand geometry. AFIS Automated Fingerprint Identification System, a computerized system used for storing and matching fingerprints. Identity theft The fraudulent acquisition and use of another person's personal information, usually for financial gain. Social services fraud The fraudulent acquisition of social services benefits by providing false information or misrepresenting eligibility.
