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Firefighter 2 Study Guide IFSTA 7
Essentials
Finger-jointed timber - ✅is composite building material composed of small pieces of wood merged to form boards using various types of glue. Medium density fiberboard - ✅is composite building material that is a type of laminated wood closely resembling hardwood and is used for doors and decorative moldings. Particle board - ✅is composite building material composed of small flakes of wood merged together with glue to form boards used for furniture. Synthetic wood - ✅s composite building material composed of recycled plastics to form sheets or boards. Steel support temperatures begin losing strength at - ✅570 degrees or 300 celsius. It elongates and buckles when heated past temperature resistance. An A-frame collapse - ✅occurs when the floor and/or roof assemblies on both sides of a load-bearing center wall collapse creating a lean-to collapse on opposite sides of the wall and creating void spaces on both sides of the wall pattern occurs when the outer walls remain intact and the upper floors and/or roof structure fail in the middle. - ✅A V-shaped collapse A pancake collapse - ✅pattern is when the structure's floors collapse on top of each other with debris between them. A lean-to collapse - ✅pattern occurs when one outer wall fails while the opposite wall remains intact. Has excellent heat resistance known as drywall or sheetrock. - ✅Gypsum Collapse zone distance - ✅multiply the height by 1 ½. So if building height is 30 feet the collapse zone will be 45 feet. Every gallon of water added to a structure adds - ✅8 to 10 pounds of weight.
Full or rigid frame - ✅the vehicle body attaches to a rigid frame more commonly used for larger automobiles and trucks , heavy duty vehicles that carry loads Unibody - ✅a single molded unit forming both the bodywork and chassis of a vehicle. Space frame - ✅Aluminum skeletons that are similar to aircraft frames upon which the aluminum or plastic of the vehicle body is attached. The internal structure of these frames provides internal support while the skin provides aerodynamics and protection. Laminated glass - ✅is used for windshields and rear windows. Impact creates very long pointed shards that can be hazardous. Tempered glass - ✅is used for side windows and separates into small pieces decreasing the hazards of long pointed pieces. Reciprocating saw - ✅short straight blades that move in and out like hand saw it is ideal for cutting sheet metal body panels and structural components. Rotary saw - ✅has the big circular blades used for cutting wood or metal Whizzer saw - ✅ring cutting used for delicate cutting Air chisel- - ✅Pneumatic, operates at 90 to 250 psi. Break locks, cut heavy gauge sheet metal. Low pressure Pneumatic lifting bags - ✅and medium bags are considered larger and extend to greater height and used for larger vehicles or objects High pressure Pneumatic lifting bags - ✅as they inflate they lose stability and lifting power and also only extend up to 20 inches. Very durable material though. Firefighters assisting in rescue operations near water should remain at least - ✅10 feet Firefighters provide a ____________ role for elevator rescues - ✅support role for elevator operator crews to come in and handle a rescue. Communication via elevator phone with the victims or yelling through the door is the first line of reassuring victims it will be alright and then after they are calm you can shut down the power and assess how to get the doors open. Compressed air foam systems -
Injection is the process in which - ✅foam concentrate is forced into a fire stream by an external pump. Batch-mixing is the process in which - ✅foam concentrate is mixed within a fire apparatus water tank. Low-expansion foams - ✅used to cool class A fires and to extinguish class B fires. Medium-expansion foams - ✅used to suppress vapors from hazardous material spills. High-expansion foams - ✅used to extinguish fires in confined spaces. Wet chemicals are used to extinguish class K fires. Hose testing should be performed ___ a year? With a ____ inch hose gate valve and not exceeding ____ (ft) of lines? - ✅0nce, 1/4 , 300 feet If a hose slips or loosens during maintenance you should? - ✅cut off the coupling and attach a new one Identify the presence of fire or products of combustion and send a signal to the alarm system - ✅Fire alarm initiating devices alarm check valve - ✅is an operating valve that transmits a water-flow alarm when the valve clapper is lifted by water flow. indicating valve - ✅is a control valve that visually shows the open or closed status. drain valve - ✅is an operating valve that permits piping to drain once the pressure in the pipe is relieved. check valve - ✅permits water to only flow in one direction. The fire alarm control panel - ✅the fire alarm component that contains all of the electrical components that control the alarm system. addressable protected premise alarm system - ✅is one in which a single alarm sounds somewhere within the building, and the fire department panel can be used to locate the specific detector that has been activated. A zoned/annunciated protected premise alarm system - ✅is one in which only the alarms in a particular area activate. proprietary alarm system -
✅is not a protected premise alarm system, as it is an alarm system owned and operated by the property owner. noncoded protected premise alarm system - ✅is one in which all of the alarms in the building sound at once. An auxiliary alarm system - ✅connects a protected property with the local fire department's alarm communication center through a municipal master fire alarm box. A central station system - ✅is an alarm system that is constantly monitored at one location operated by an alarm company. A remote alarm receiving system - ✅is an alarm system that sends the alarm signals from the protected premises to a remote receiving station with a 24-hour staff by either a telephone line or by a radio signal. Fusible link - ✅
- ✅holds two levers together which hold a cap in place that stops water flow. When heat from a fire melts the link then water or air pressure in the pipe pushes the levers and cap out of the way. Frangible bulb - ✅Heat expands a heat sensitive liquid inside the frangible bulb. The internal temp rises until the bulb shatters. Chemical Pellet - ✅The sprinkler valve cap is held in place by a plunger and a small pellet made of solder. The solder melts when heated to a certain temperature releasing the plunger and opening valve. Sprinkler deflectors - ✅direct the water pattern down onto the fire. siamese appliance - ✅allows firefighters to connect two 2 1/2 inch lines connected to the hydrant outlets into a single large diameter hose. wye appliance - ✅allows a single line to be split into two lines A water thief - ✅allows a larger line to be adapted to a smaller line. Common for wildland fire An LDH appliance - ✅is useful to distribute water from a hydrant to multiple attack lines. Sprinkler connection Water flow device - ✅initiates an alarm when water begins to flow in the system usually equipped with automatic sprinkler systems.
Class 3 Stand pipe - ✅These systems combine both 1 and 2 resources with providing a hose and a connection coupling to add more hose to. Both can be used simultaneously. Tankers that typically transport gasoline or other flammable liquids. - ✅MC-306 (MAWP of 3 psi) and DOT 406 Oval shaped MC312 DOT 412 - ✅(Corrosive) carry acids like hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, round shape container Low pressure chemical tank trucks- may carry - ✅flammable liquids, mild corrosives and some toxins poisons 5-10-12-18-20 extrication rule: - ✅Firefighters should keep 5 inches away from knee bolsters, 10 inches away from driver frontal airbags, and 12-18 inches away from side-impact curtains and should keep 20 inches away from passenger frontal airbags. NIMS "SMART" Acronym - ✅Specific Measurable Action-oriented Realistic Time-frame Incident strategic goals accomplish what? - ✅Life safety, Incident stabilization, property conservation, Tactical objectives accomplish what? - ✅Initiating search and rescue, providing water curtain to protect exposures. Contain hazardous materials, use salvage covers to route water from building second floor _________ transfer command to anyone that is not on the scene - ✅Never Unity of command - ✅the management principle that each person should report to only one manager Chain of command - ✅the line of authority that moves from the top of a hierarchy to the lowest level Scalar structure - ✅series of steps or decisions passed down from top to bottom of command Span of control- - ✅number of people and functions that one individual can supervise Division of labor - ✅dividing large jobs into small jobs Branch levels -
✅NIMS-ICS organizational structure fall between the Section level and the Division level. These levels may be identified in the command structure by either Roman numerals or functional areas.The organization level that has functional/geographical responsibility for major segments of incident operations Section levels - ✅have responsibility for major functional areas of the incident such as operations, planning, logistics, etc. Division levels - ✅have responsibility for operations within a defined geographical area. Organizational flexibility - ✅Built into modular sections of divisions, task forces, and strike teams. Communication Groups - ✅same as divisions except that they operate within a defined functional assignment such as ventilation, water supply, etc Communication Briefings - ✅are quick communications between individuals or with a small group that deals with expectations, task assignments, or operational assignments. Formal communications - ✅are those that are used when following the chain of command and involve a specific request or information. Informal communications - ✅are those that are used between team members to exchange information about the scene or task. Strike teams - ✅Consists of a set number of resources of the same kind and type operating under a designated leader with common communications between them. A task force - ✅is a combination of resources assembled for a specific mission or assignment. The units must have common communication capability and designated leaders. A crew - ✅a group of people working together Incident Complexity type 4 - ✅incident does not require a written IAP, but it does require a documented operational briefing. Incident complexity type 5 - ✅No written IAP or documented operational briefing is required for a type 5 incident. A type 5 incident is handled with one or two single resources, the Command and General Staff positions are not activated, and the incident is contained within a few hours after arrival on scene Incident complexity type 3 -
