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Firefighter 2 Study Guide IFSTA 7
Essentials
Finger-jointed timber - correct answer is composite building material composed of small pieces of wood merged to form boards using various types of glue. Medium density fiberboard - correct answer is composite building material that is a type of laminated wood closely resembling hardwood and is used for doors and decorative moldings. Particle board - correct answer is composite building material composed of small flakes of wood merged together with glue to form boards used for furniture. Synthetic wood - correct answer s composite building material composed of recycled plastics to form sheets or boards. Steel support temperatures begin losing strength at - correct answer 570 degrees or 300 celsius. It elongates and buckles when heated past temperature resistance. An A-frame collapse - correct answer occurs when the floor and/or roof assemblies on both sides of a load-bearing center wall collapse creating a lean-to collapse on opposite sides of the wall and creating void spaces on both sides of the wall pattern occurs when the outer walls remain intact and the upper floors and/or roof structure fail in the middle. - correct answer A V- shaped collapse A pancake collapse - correct answer pattern is when the structure's floors collapse on top of each other with debris between them.
A lean-to collapse - correct answer pattern occurs when one outer wall fails while the opposite wall remains intact. Has excellent heat resistance known as drywall or sheetrock. - correct answer Gypsum Collapse zone distance - correct answer multiply the height by 1 ½. So if building height is 30 feet the collapse zone will be 45 feet. Every gallon of water added to a structure adds - correct answer 8 to 10 pounds of weight. Full or rigid frame - correct answer the vehicle body attaches to a rigid frame more commonly used for larger automobiles and trucks , heavy duty vehicles that carry loads Unibody - correct answer a single molded unit forming both the bodywork and chassis of a vehicle. Space frame - correct answer Aluminum skeletons that are similar to aircraft frames upon which the aluminum or plastic of the vehicle body is attached. The internal structure of these frames provides internal support while the skin provides aerodynamics and protection. Laminated glass - correct answer is used for windshields and rear windows. Impact creates very long pointed shards that can be hazardous. Tempered glass - correct answer is used for side windows and separates into small pieces decreasing the hazards of long pointed pieces. Reciprocating saw - correct answer short straight blades that move in and out like hand saw it is ideal for cutting sheet metal body panels and structural components.
In-line eductors - correct answer around the pump proportions, and balanced-pressure proportioners all describe types of proportioning devices found on fire apparatus. Liquefied Petroleum Gas - correct answer Propane tanks NFPA 1001 to identify different storage tanks Tanker on fire requires - correct answer copious amounts of water to cool the pressurized container creates a barrier between fuel gasses and possible ignition sources. - correct answer Separating Lowers temperature with foam - correct answer Cooling foam method that prevents air from reaching the fuel and releasing flammable vapors. - correct answer Smothering firefighting foam method that reduces water's surface tension and allows it to diffuse class A fires. - correct answer Penetrating The fire cause - correct answer is the happenings that occur in order for the heat source and material to come together and ignite the fire. The area of origin - correct answer is the vicinity in which the ignition source and material came together for the first time. point of origin - correct answer the exact location where the heat source and the fuel came into contact to begin the fire. The fire pattern - correct answer obvious design and path of burned material from where the fire initially started.
Premixing is the process in which - correct answer foam concentrate is mixed with premeasured portions of water within a container. Eduction is the process in which - correct answer foam concentrate is mixed with water within a nozzle. Injection is the process in which - correct answer foam concentrate is forced into a fire stream by an external pump. Batch-mixing is the process in which - correct answer foam concentrate is mixed within a fire apparatus water tank. Low-expansion foams - correct answer used to cool class A fires and to extinguish class B fires. Medium-expansion foams - correct answer used to suppress vapors from hazardous material spills. High-expansion foams - correct answer used to extinguish fires in confined spaces. Wet chemicals are used to extinguish class K fires. Hose testing should be performed ___ a year? With a ____ inch hose gate valve and not exceeding ____ (ft) of lines? - correct answer 0nce, 1/4 , 300 feet If a hose slips or loosens during maintenance you should? - correct answer cut off the coupling and attach a new one Identify the presence of fire or products of combustion and send a signal to the alarm system - correct answer Fire alarm initiating devices
A central station system - correct answer is an alarm system that is constantly monitored at one location operated by an alarm company. A remote alarm receiving system - correct answer is an alarm system that sends the alarm signals from the protected premises to a remote receiving station with a 24-hour staff by either a telephone line or by a radio signal. Fusible link - correct answer
- correct answer holds two levers together which hold a cap in place that stops water flow. When heat from a fire melts the link then water or air pressure in the pipe pushes the levers and cap out of the way. Frangible bulb - correct answer Heat expands a heat sensitive liquid inside the frangible bulb. The internal temp rises until the bulb shatters. Chemical Pellet - correct answer The sprinkler valve cap is held in place by a plunger and a small pellet made of solder. The solder melts when heated to a certain temperature releasing the plunger and opening valve. Sprinkler deflectors - correct answer direct the water pattern down onto the fire. siamese appliance - correct answer allows firefighters to connect two 2 1/2 inch lines connected to the hydrant outlets into a single large diameter hose. wye appliance - correct answer allows a single line to be split into two lines A water thief - correct answer allows a larger line to be adapted to a smaller line. Common for wildland fire
An LDH appliance - correct answer is useful to distribute water from a hydrant to multiple attack lines. Sprinkler connection Water flow device - correct answer initiates an alarm when water begins to flow in the system usually equipped with automatic sprinkler systems. Most Fire department connections have siamese inlet with at least _____ ______ connections for hoses with a _____ valve in each or ____ large connection. - correct answer 2 2/12 inch, clapper, one pendant sprinkler - correct answer deflects water downward in a circular pattern of small water droplets. upright sprinkler - correct answer deflects water downward in a hemispherical pattern. sidewall sprinkler - correct answer deflects water to one side. concealed sprinkler - correct answer deflects water downward once its removable decorative cover is released. Smoke detector Photoelectric detects? - correct answer visible products of combustion detectors work well on all types of fires and usually respond more quickly to smoldering fires than ionization Ionization smoke detector - correct answer the particles and aerosols produced during combustion that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. Radioactive materials is what these devices can pick up. used in areas where the temperature is below 40°F. Dry pipe systems contain pressurized air or nitrogen to hold the valving closed until a sprinkler head is opened to prevent water freezing in the pipes. - correct answer Dry pipe system
5-10-12-18-20 extrication rule: - correct answer Firefighters should keep 5 inches away from knee bolsters, 10 inches away from driver frontal airbags, and 12-18 inches away from side-impact curtains and should keep 20 inches away from passenger frontal airbags. NIMS "SMART" Acronym - correct answer Specific Measurable Action-oriented Realistic Time-frame Incident strategic goals accomplish what? - correct answer Life safety, Incident stabilization, property conservation, Tactical objectives accomplish what? - correct answer Initiating search and rescue, providing water curtain to protect exposures. Contain hazardous materials, use salvage covers to route water from building second floor _________ transfer command to anyone that is not on the scene - correct answer Never Unity of command - correct answer the management principle that each person should report to only one manager Chain of command - correct answer the line of authority that moves from the top of a hierarchy to the lowest level Scalar structure - correct answer series of steps or decisions passed down from top to bottom of command Span of control- - correct answer number of people and functions that one individual can supervise
Division of labor - correct answer dividing large jobs into small jobs Branch levels - correct answer NIMS-ICS organizational structure fall between the Section level and the Division level. These levels may be identified in the command structure by either Roman numerals or functional areas.The organization level that has functional/geographical responsibility for major segments of incident operations Section levels - correct answer have responsibility for major functional areas of the incident such as operations, planning, logistics, etc. Division levels - correct answer have responsibility for operations within a defined geographical area. Organizational flexibility - correct answer Built into modular sections of divisions, task forces, and strike teams. Communication Groups - correct answer same as divisions except that they operate within a defined functional assignment such as ventilation, water supply, etc Communication Briefings - correct answer are quick communications between individuals or with a small group that deals with expectations, task assignments, or operational assignments. Formal communications - correct answer are those that are used when following the chain of command and involve a specific request or information. Informal communications - correct answer are those that are used between team members to exchange information about the scene or task.
Chain of custody with physical evidence steps - correct answer Firefighter Fire investigator Laboratory Courtroom Final disposition
