First Language Acquisition: Developmental Stages and Theories, Lecture notes of English Language

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First Language Acquisition:

Developmental Stages

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bed!

Ua!

What

da

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Ooo ooo

I think I want another biscuit

First Language Acquisition:

Developmental Stages

Nature

 Must have poverty of stimulus to learn without

“language instinct”

 All children learn a language; have

language



capacity

Overgeneralizations demonstrate child is analyzing

language

Nurture







Children cannot acquire language without

social interaction/scaffolding

Children learn the language of their environment;

through parents who model social interaction

Memorization of chunks by rote demonstrates not all

info is anlayzed fully

 (^) Ability

Physiological

Cognitive

 (^) Interaction

vocabulary, intonation, repetition, questioning

 (^) Motivation

Internal and External

 Data

Forms

Meaning

Function

One-word Stage (holophrastic)

 1 year

 emergence of first word

 Sounds relate to meanings (functions)

own action or desire action

to convey emotions

Naming fuction

 single word – a whole seneteces - meaning

 ‘ Fis ’ phenomenon

perception of phonemes ocurrs earlier than

the ability to produce those phonemes.

 Two-word Stage

 2 years

 Two words, different combination of word order

 Three possible interpretations

 Subject-verb ‘Mary go.’

 Verb-modifier ‘Push truck.’

 Possessor-possesed ‘Mommy sock’

 Words lack morphological and syntactic

markers – there is a word order

Telegraphic Stage, cont.

5 years

More elaborate syntax

Learning 20-30 words per day

 Fine-tuning

5-10 years

Refining grammar, building vocabulary

How children learn vocabulary:

Assign word to a broad semantic

category

Work out distinctions among words in

that category

Stage Typical age Description

Babbling 6-8 months Repetitive patterns

One-word stage

(better one-morpheme

or one-unit)

or holophrastic stage

9-18 months Single open-class words or word stems

Two-word stage

18-

months

"mini-sentences" with simple semantic

relations

Telegraphic stage

or early multiword stage

(better multi-

morpheme )

24-

months

"Telegraphic" sentence structures of lexical

rather than functional or grammatical

morphemes

Later multiword stage 30+ months Grammatical or functional structures emerge

Thank you

for

listening!