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FLUID POWER FORMULAS, Lecture notes of Physics

Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU)Physics

One Horsepower = 2545 BTU/Hr. Accumulator Formulas. Formula For: Word Formula: Letter Formula: PRESSURE OR VOLUME.

Typology: Lecture notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/07/2022

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fluiD poweR foRmulas
Basis Formulas
Formula For: Word Formula: Letter Formula:
FLUID PRESSURE
In Pounds/Square Inch P = F/A or psi = F/A
FLUID FLOW RATE
In Gallons/Minute Q = V/T
FLUID POWER
In Horsepower hp = PQ/1714
Fluid Formulas
Formula For: Word Formula: Letter Formula:
VELOCITY THROUGH PIPING
In Feet/Second Velocity V = .3208Q/A
COMPRESSIBILITY OF OIL
In Additional Required Oil
to Reach Pressure
VA = PV/250,000 (approx.)
COMPRESSIBILITY
OF A FLUID C(รŸ) = 1/BM
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
OF A FLUID SG = W/62.4283
VALVE (Cv) FLOW FACTOR Cv = (Q SG)/( โˆ†p)
VISCOSITY IN CENTISTOKES
For Viscosities of 32 to 100 Saybolt Universal Seconds:
CS = .2253 SUS - (194.4/SUS)
For Viscosities of 100 to 240 Saybolt Universal Seconds:
CS = .2193 SUS - (134.6/SUS)
For Viscosities greater than 240 Saybolt Universal Seconds:
CS = SUS/4.635
Note: Saybolt Universal Seconds can also be abbreviated as SSU.
Pressure = Force (Pounds)
Unit Area (Square Inches)
Flow Rate = Volume (Gallons)
Unit Time (Minute)
Horsepower = Pressure (psi) x Flow (GPM)
1714
Velocity = .3208 x Flow Rate through I.D. (GPM)
Internal Area (Square Inches)
Additional Volume = Pressure (psi) x Volume of Oil under Pressure
250,000 (approx.)
Compressibility = 1
Bulk Modulus of the Fluid
Specific Gravity = Weight of One Cubic Foot of Fluid
Weight of One Cubic Foot of Water
Valve Factor = Flow Rate (GPM) Specific Gravity
Pressure Drop (psi)
Centistokes = .2253 x SUS - 194.4
SUS
( )
Centistokes = .2193 x SUS - 134.6
SUS
( )
Centistokes = SUS
4.635
( )
pf3

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fluiD poweR foRmulas

Basis Formulas

Formula For: Word Formula: Letter Formula: FLUID PRESSURE In Pounds/Square Inch P = F/A or psi = F/A FLUID FLOW RATE In Gallons/Minute Q = V/T FLUID POWER In Horsepower hp = PQ/

Fluid Formulas

Formula For: Word Formula: Letter Formula: VELOCITY THROUGH PIPING In Feet/Second Velocity

V = .3208Q/A

COMPRESSIBILITY OF OIL

In Additional Required Oil to Reach Pressure VA = PV/250,000 (approx.) COMPRESSIBILITY OF A FLUID C(รŸ) = 1/BM SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF A FLUID SG = W/62. VALVE (Cv) FLOW FACTOR Cv = (Q SG)/( โˆ†p) VISCOSITY IN CENTISTOKES For Viscosities of 32 to 100 Saybolt Universal Seconds: CS = .2253 SUS - (194.4/SUS) For Viscosities of 100 to 240 Saybolt Universal Seconds: CS = .2193 SUS - (134.6/SUS) For Viscosities greater than 240 Saybolt Universal Seconds: CS = SUS/4. Note: Saybolt Universal Seconds can also be abbreviated as SSU. Pressure = Force (Pounds) Unit Area (Square Inches) Flow Rate = Volume (Gallons) Unit Time (Minute) Horsepower = Pressure (psi) x Flow (GPM) 1714 Velocity = .3208 x Flow Rate through I.D. (GPM) Internal Area (Square Inches) Additional Volume = Pressure (psi) x Volume of Oil under Pressure 250,000 (approx.) Compressibility =

Bulk Modulus of the Fluid Specific Gravity = Weight of One Cubic Foot of Fluid Weight of One Cubic Foot of Water Valve Factor = Flow Rate (GPM) Specific Gravity Pressure Drop (psi) Centistokes = .2253 x SUS -

SUS

Centistokes = .2193 x SUS -

( SUS )

Centistokes =

SUS

fluiD

Pump Formulas

Formula For: Word Formula: Letter Formula: PUMP OUTLET FLOW In Gallons/Minute Q = nd/ PUMP INPUT POWER In Horsepower Required Hpin = QP/1714Eff. or (GPM x psi)/1714Eff. PUMP EFFICIENCY Overall in Percent EffOV = (HP /HPin) x 100 Overall Efficiency = Volumetric Eff. x Mechanical Eff. Effov vol x Effmech PUMP EFFICIENCY Volumetric in Percent Effvol = (Q /Qtheo) x 100 PUMP EFFICIENCY Mechanical in Percent Effmech = (T /Tact) x 100 PUMP LIFE B 10 Bearing Life B 10 r/RPMn) x (Pr/Pn)^3

Actuator Formulas

Formula For: Word Formula: Letter CYLINDER AREA In Square Inches Area = โˆ x Radius^2 (Inches) A = โˆr^2 Area = (P/4) x Diameter^2 (Inches) A = (โˆD^2 )/4 or A = .785D^2 CYLINDER FORCE In Pounds, Push or Pull Area = Pressure (psi) x Net Area (sq in.) F = psi x A or F = PA CYLINDER VELOCITY or SPEED In Feet/Second v = 231Q/720A or v = .3208Q/A CYLINDER VOLUME CAPACITY In Gallons of Fluid V = (โˆr^2 L)/ V= (A L)/ CYLINDER FLOW RATE In Gallons/Minute Q = (720vA)231 or Q = 3.117vA FLUID MOTOR TORQUE In Inch Pounds T = psi d/2โˆ or T = Pd/2โˆ T = 63025 hp/n T = 36.77QP/n or T = 36.77Qpsi/n FLUID MOTOR TORQUE/100 psi In Inch Pounds T100psi = d/. FLUID MOTOR SPEED In Revolutions/Minute n = 231 Q/d FLUID MOTOR POWER In Horsepower Output hp = Tn/ Flow = rpm x Pump Displacement (Cu. In./Ref.) 231 Horsepower Input = Flow Rate Output (GPM) x Pressure (psi) 1714 Efficiency (Overall) Overall Efficiency = Output Horsepower x 100 Input Horsepower Volumetric Efficiency = Actual Flow Rate Output (GPM) x 100 Theoretical Flow Rate Output (GPM)

Mechanical Efficiency = Theoretical Torque to Drive x 100 Actual Torque to Drive B 10 Hrs. Bearing Life = Rated Life Hrs. x Rated Speed (rpm) x Rated Pressure (psi) New Speed (rpm) New Pressure (psi) Velocity = 231 x Flow Rate (GPM) 12 x 60 x Net Area (sq in.) Volume = โˆ x Radius^2 (in.) x Stroke (in.) 231 Volume = Net Area (sq. in.) x Stroke (in.) 231 Flow Rate = 12 x 60 x Velocity (Ft/Sec) x Net Area (sq. in.) 231 Torque = Horsepower x 63025 rpm Torque = Pressure (psi) x F.M. Displacement (Cu. In./Rev.) 2โˆ Torque = Flow Rate (GPM) x Pressure (psi) x 36. rpm Speed = 231 Flow Rate (GPM) F.M. Displacement (Cu. In./Rev.) Torque = F.M. Displacement (Cu. In./Rev.)

Horsepower = Torque Output (Inch Pounds) x rpm 63025