FORENSIC MEDICINE – IDENTIFICATION (DETAILED HIGH-YIELD NOTES)
Definition:
Identification is determining the identity of a person using physical and biological features.
Age Estimation:
Teeth:
- Milk teeth in infancy
- Permanent teeth in adolescence
Bones (Epiphyseal Fusion):
- Most reliable in young individuals
- Fusion indicates age
Other:
- Skin changes
- Hair
- Secondary sexual characteristics
Sex Determination:
Pelvis (Best Indicator):
- Male: narrow pelvis, subpubic angle <70°
- Female: broad pelvis, subpubic angle >90°
Skull:
- Male: large, rough
- Female: small, smooth
Chromosomes:
- XX = female
- XY = male
Stature Estimation:
- Based on long bones (femur, tibia)
- Height proportional to bone length
Personal Identification:
Fingerprints:
