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Anatomy and Physiology of Frogs: External Features and Internal Organs, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Anatomy

Anatomy

An in-depth look at the anatomy and physiology of frogs, focusing on their external features and internal organs. Students will learn about the functions of various parts of a frog's body, such as the external nares, tympanic membrane, nictitating membrane, and cloacal opening. Additionally, the document covers the life cycle of a frog and the concept of permeability through a practical experiment.

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

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Frogs are vertebrate animals (with a backbone), that belong to the Class ‘Amphibians’.

The word amphibian comes from the Greek words ‘amphi’ meaning ‘both’, and ‘bios’

meaning ‘life’. This is because most amphibians live part of their lifecycle in or near water

and the other part of their life on land. There are three orders of amphibians: Anura

(frogs and toads), Caudata (salamanders), and Gymnophiona (caecilians). Frogs are the

only type of amphibian in South Africa.

The body of a frog can be divided into

the head, a short neck, and the trunk.

The head consists of the brain, mouth,

eyes, ears and nose. The external

anatomy of a frog consists of the fol-

lowing:

1. Permeable skin to absorb water;

2. Chromatophores, cells that contain

or produce pigments to display cer-

tain colours for protection;

3. External nares for breathing;

4. Eyes and nictating membranes for

protection;

5.Tympanic membrane, the eardrum

which receives sound waves;

6. Fore and hind limbs attached to the

shoulders and hips respectively.

Frogs have long hind limbs which as-

sists them with jumping together with urostyle which results in a strong shock absorb-

ing pelvic structure. Toads have shorter limbs which are better suited to walking and

short hops; and

7. Webbing varies from absent to full and toes may have terminal bulb or disks.

Frogs in the Classroom

Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1

Partial preview of the text

Download Anatomy and Physiology of Frogs: External Features and Internal Organs and more Study Guides, Projects, Research Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!

Frogs are vertebrate animals (with a backbone), that belong to the Class ‘Amphibians’.

The word amphibian comes from the Greek words ‘amphi’ meaning ‘both’, and ‘bios’

meaning ‘life’. This is because most amphibians live part of their lifecycle in or near water

and the other part of their life on land. There are three orders of amphibians: Anura

(frogs and toads), Caudata (salamanders), and Gymnophiona (caecilians). Frogs are the

only type of amphibian in South Africa.

The body of a frog can be divided into

the head, a short neck, and the trunk.

The head consists of the brain, mouth,

eyes, ears and nose. The external

anatomy of a frog consists of the fol-

lowing:

1. Permeable skin to absorb water;

2. Chromatophores, cells that contain

or produce pigments to display cer-

tain colours for protection;

3. External nares for breathing;

4. Eyes and nictating membranes for

protection;

5.Tympanic membrane, the eardrum

which receives sound waves;

6. Fore and hind limbs attached to the

shoulders and hips respectively.

Frogs have long hind limbs which as-

sists them with jumping together with urostyle which results in a strong shock absorb-

ing pelvic structure. Toads have shorter limbs which are better suited to walking and

short hops; and

7. Webbing varies from absent to full and toes may have terminal bulb or disks.

Frogs in the Classroom

Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1

The trunk of a frog forms walls for a single body cavity known as the coelom. The coe-

lom holds all of the frog's internal organs. The internal structures of a frog includes: the

heart, the lungs, the kidneys, the stomach, the liver, the small intestine, the large intes-

tine, the spleen, the pancreas, the gall bladder, the urinary bladder, the cloaca, the ure-

ter, the oviducts, the testes, the ovaries and fat bodies. The organs perform the follow-

ing functions:

 Stomach - breaks down food

 Liver – makes bile which helps with digestion

 Small intestine – absorbs nutrients from the food

 Gall bladder – bile is stored in the gall bladder be-

tween meals

 Large intestine – absorbs water and collects waste

 Cloaca (opening) - where sperm, eggs, urine, and

feces exit the frog's body.

 Spleen - stores blood

 Kidneys - filter the blood.

 Pancreas – produce endocrine hormones and di-

gestive enzymes

 Lung – used for breathing, vocalizing and hearing

Frogs do not have a diaphragm. Air is pumped

into the lungs by lowering the floor of the

mouth to draw air in through the nostrils into

the buccal cavity and expelled through raising

the floor of the mouth.

Respiration also takes place through the skin

which is exclusively used when under water.

Blood capillary networks close to the surface

of the skin allow carbon dioxide to be re-

leased and, to a lesser extent, oxygen to be

absorbed.

Frogs in the Classroom

Anatomy and Physiology

Worksheet 1 Frogs: External Morphology

Name: ___ Surname:

Grade: Date: _______

Task: Colour in an label the diagram below and define the terms below.

Explain what functions the following parts perform for a frog:

1. External Nares –

2. Tympanic membrane –

3. Nictitating membrane –

4. Cloacal opening –

5. Chromatophore –

Worksheet 2 Frogs: Life cycle of a frog

Name: ___ Surname:

Grade: Date: _______

Directions: Complete the life cycle of a frog in the diagram below.

Assessment Sheet 1 Learner Name and Surname Worksheet 1 Worksheet 2 Practical As- sessment Total Average

Frogs in the Classroom

Reference List Lesson 1

AmphibaWeb. (2016). Information on amphibian biology and conservation. Retrieved from Amphibiaweb: http:// amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: 2016). Carruthers, V. (2016). Amphibians. South Africa: Best Bushveld Experience Skills and Training. Col, J. (2016). Amphibians. Retrieved from Enchanted Learning: http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/ amphibians/Frogquiz.shtml Dixon, J. (2014, May 08). Frog Body Parts and Functions. Retrieved from Slide Share: http://www.slideshare.net/ FJHScience/frog-body-parts-and-functions- 2014 du Preez. L, C. V. (2009). A Complete Guide to the Frogs of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik Nature. du Preez. L, C. V. (2009). Respiration. In V. &. Carruthers, A Complete Guide to Frogs of Southern Africa (p. 41). Cape Town: Struik Nature. e-Tutor. (n.d.). Anatomy of a Frog. Retrieved from e-Tutor: http://www.e-tutor.com/et3/lessons/view/52133/print Herbert, T. J. (2007). http://www.allometric.com/tom/courses/protected/ECK/CH08/figure- 08 - 07a.jpg. Retrieved from http://www.allometric.com/tom/courses/bil265/bil265goods/13_nervous_system.html: http:// www.allometric.com/tom/courses/protected/ECK/CH08/figure- 08 - 07a.jpg Pandit, S. (2016, August 6). Digestive System of a Frog. Retrieved from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/digestive- system-of-a-frog-with-a-labeled-diagram.html: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/digestive-system-of-a-frog- with-a-labeled-diagram.html TutorVista. (2017). Nervous System of a Frog. Retrieved from Turtor Vista: http://www.tutorvista.com/biology/nervous- system-of-a-frog Unknown. (2014). https://www.mycyberwall.co.za/get-smart/science/grade-6/skeletons. Retrieved from My Cycerwall: https://www.mycyberwall.co.za/get-smart/science/grade-6/skeletons Unknown. (n.d.). Frog Respiration. Retrieved from Brown. edu: https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Engineering/ Courses/En123/MuscleExp/Frog%20Respiration.htm Unknown. (n.d.). Thin Skinned Amphibians. Retrieved from San Francisco Zoo: http://www.sfzoo.org/pdf/WAAS/2nd% 20Grade/Tiger%20Salamander%20%20Grade%202.pdf Unknown. (n.d.). What are Frogs? Retrieved from All About Frogs: http://www.kiddyhouse.com/Themes/frogs/

Anatomy and Physiology of Frogs: External Features and Internal Organs, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Anatomy

Related documents

Partial preview of the text

Download Anatomy and Physiology of Frogs: External Features and Internal Organs and more Study Guides, Projects, Research Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!

Frogs are vertebrate animals (with a backbone), that belong to the Class ‘Amphibians’.

The word amphibian comes from the Greek words ‘amphi’ meaning ‘both’, and ‘bios’

meaning ‘life’. This is because most amphibians live part of their lifecycle in or near water

and the other part of their life on land. There are three orders of amphibians: Anura

(frogs and toads), Caudata (salamanders), and Gymnophiona (caecilians). Frogs are the

only type of amphibian in South Africa.

The body of a frog can be divided into

the head, a short neck, and the trunk.

The head consists of the brain, mouth,

eyes, ears and nose. The external

anatomy of a frog consists of the fol-

lowing:

1. Permeable skin to absorb water;

2. Chromatophores, cells that contain

or produce pigments to display cer-

tain colours for protection;

3. External nares for breathing;

4. Eyes and nictating membranes for

protection;

5.Tympanic membrane, the eardrum

which receives sound waves;

6. Fore and hind limbs attached to the

shoulders and hips respectively.

Frogs have long hind limbs which as-

sists them with jumping together with urostyle which results in a strong shock absorb-

ing pelvic structure. Toads have shorter limbs which are better suited to walking and

short hops; and

7. Webbing varies from absent to full and toes may have terminal bulb or disks.

Frogs in the Classroom

Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1

The trunk of a frog forms walls for a single body cavity known as the coelom. The coe-

lom holds all of the frog's internal organs. The internal structures of a frog includes: the

heart, the lungs, the kidneys, the stomach, the liver, the small intestine, the large intes-

tine, the spleen, the pancreas, the gall bladder, the urinary bladder, the cloaca, the ure-

ter, the oviducts, the testes, the ovaries and fat bodies. The organs perform the follow-

ing functions:

 Stomach - breaks down food

 Liver – makes bile which helps with digestion

 Small intestine – absorbs nutrients from the food

 Gall bladder – bile is stored in the gall bladder be-

tween meals

 Large intestine – absorbs water and collects waste

 Cloaca (opening) - where sperm, eggs, urine, and

feces exit the frog's body.

 Spleen - stores blood

 Kidneys - filter the blood.

 Pancreas – produce endocrine hormones and di-

gestive enzymes

 Lung – used for breathing, vocalizing and hearing

Frogs do not have a diaphragm. Air is pumped

into the lungs by lowering the floor of the

mouth to draw air in through the nostrils into

the buccal cavity and expelled through raising

the floor of the mouth.

Respiration also takes place through the skin

which is exclusively used when under water.

Blood capillary networks close to the surface

of the skin allow carbon dioxide to be re-

leased and, to a lesser extent, oxygen to be

absorbed.

Frogs in the Classroom

Anatomy and Physiology

Name: _______________________________ Surname: ____________________________

Grade: ____________________________ Date: ___________________________________

Task: Colour in an label the diagram below and define the terms below.

Explain what functions the following parts perform for a frog:

1. External Nares –

2. Tympanic membrane –

3. Nictitating membrane –

4. Cloacal opening –

5. Chromatophore –

Name: _______________________________ Surname: ____________________________

Grade: ____________________________ Date: ___________________________________

Directions: Complete the life cycle of a frog in the diagram below.

Frogs in the Classroom

Reference List Lesson 1

Name: ___ Surname:

Grade: Date: _______

Name: ___ Surname:

Grade: Date: _______