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FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING TEST 1 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 10 0%
- You are preparing a presentation for your classmates regarding the clinical care coordination conference for a patient with terminal cancer. As part of the preparation you have your classmates read the Nursing Code of Ethics for Professional Registered Nurses. Your instructor asks the class why this document is important. Which of the following statements best describes this code?
- Improves self-health care
- Protects the patient's confidentiality
- Ensures identical care to all patients
- Defines the principles of right and wrong to provide patient care: 4
- An 18-year-old woman is in the emergency department with fever and cough. The nurse obtains her vital signs, listens to her lung and heart sounds, determines her level of comfort, and collects blood and sputum samples for analysis. Which standard of practice is performed?
- Diagnosis
- Evaluation
- Assessment
- Implementation: 3
- A patient in the emergency department has developed wheezing and short- ness of breath. The nurse gives the ordered medicated nebulizer treatment now and
in 4 hours. Which standard of practice is performed?
- Planning
- Evaluation
- Assessment
- Implementation: 4
- A nurse is caring for a patient with end-stage lung disease. The patient wants to go home on oxygen and be comfortable. The family wants the patient to have a new surgical procedure. The nurse explains the risk and benefits of the surgery to the family and discusses the patient's wishes with them. The nurse is acting as the patient's:
- Educator.
- Advocate.
role.
- Clinical nurse specialist
- Nurse anesthetist
- Nurse practitioner
- Nurse- midwife
a. Provides independent care, including pregnancy and gynecological ser- vices
b. Expert clinician in a specialized area of practice such as adult diabetes care
c. Provides comprehensive care, usually in a primary care setting, directly managing the medical care of patients who are healthy or have chronic conditions d. Provides care and services under the supervision of an anesthesiologist: 1b, 2d, 3c, 4a
- Health care reform will bring changes in the emphasis of care. Which of the following models is expected from health care reform? 12
- Moving from an acute illness to a health promotion, illness prevention model
- Moving from an illness prevention to a health promotion model
- Moving from an acute illness to a disease management model
- Moving from a chronic care to an illness prevention model: 1
- A nurse meets with the registered dietitian and physical therapist to de-velop a plan of care that focuses on improving nutrition and mobility for a patient. This is an example of which Quality and Safety in the Education of Nurses (QSEN) competency?
- Patient-centered care
- Safety
- Teamwork and collaboration
- Informatics: 3
- A critical care nurse is using a computerized decision support system to correctly position her ventilated patients to reduce pneumonia caused by
a. Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory
b. Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory
c. Caplan's Sociocultural Theory
d. Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory: d
- The nurses on an acute care medical floor notice an increase in pressure ulcer formation in their patients. A nurse consultant decides to compare two types of treatment. The first is the procedure currently used to assess for pressure ulcer risk. The second uses a new assessment instrument to iden-tify at-risk patients. Given this information, the nurse consultant exemplifies which career?
- Clinical nurse specialist
- Nurse administrator
- Nurse educator
- Nurse researcher: 4
- Nurses in an acute care hospital are attending a unit-based education program to learn how to use a new pressure-relieving device for patients at risk for pressure ulcers. This is which type of education?
- Continuing education
- Graduate education
- In-service education
- Professional Registered Nurse Education: 3
- Which of the following Internet resources can help consumers compare quality care measures? (Select all that apply.)
- WebMD
- Hospital Compare
- Magnet Recognition Program
- Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare
- The American Hospital Association's webpage.: 2, 4
- A nurse is interacting with a client who as part of therapy for a phobic (un- realistic fear) disorder is undergoing a program of systematic desensitization. This therapy is based on which of the following theories? a. Skinner's Behavioral Theory
- Although knowing his credit card balance is at the maximum a man charges a new pair of jeans that cost $40. When his statement shows a balance that is over the credit allowance, he tells his wife, "but they were 50% off and they might sell out before I have the cash". Which defense mechanism is he utilizing? a. reaction formation
b. rationalization
c. regression
d. displacement: b
- A mother gives her toddler a cookie to stop his whining and crying for a certain cereal in the grocery store. Which analysis of this scenario illustrates a principle of behavioral theory? a. The mother is satisfying the physiological needs of the child as well as the child's development of self-esteem. b. The mother's desire to stop the child's crying is only based on a need to conform to societal acceptable behavioral norms. c. The child is in the oral stage and the cookie satisfies the child's need for an oral stimulus. d. The cookie is a positive reinforcer of the whining and crying so that the child will whine and cry the next time they go to the store.: d
- A husband and wife, ages 30 and 33, actively engage in planning for the arrival of their first child. According to Erikson's theory, the husband and wife are mastering which stage of personality development? a. integrity vs despair
b. identity vs role confusion
c. generativity vs stagnation
d. trust vs mistrust: c
- A nurse is leading a patient education group session about irrational think-ing and how it can lead to "learned helplessness". The nurse is demonstrating knowledge of which theorist/theory? a. Beck and Ellis - cognitive theory
b. Skinner - behavioral theory
c. health on a continuum of wellness to death
d. nursing experience from novice to expert: b
- A nurse is especially nice and attentive to a 75-year old female patient who reminds him of his grandmother. According to psychoanalytic theory, the nurse is experiencing which factor that may influence his therapeutic effectiveness? a. transference
b. reaction formation
c. countertransference
d. anticipatory grief: c
- A child becomes so angry at his mother for not allowing him to play outside in the rain that he throws his toy truck at the wall. This illustrates which use of the following defense mechanisms? a. reaction formation
b. repression
c. identification
d. displacement: d
- A 25-year old hospitalized client often breaks into tears and curls up on the chair in group when others confront her about her breaking of unit rules. Which defense mechanism is the client using? a. reaction formation
b. regression
c. compensation
d. denial: b
- The components of the nursing metaparadigm include:
- Person, health, environment, and theory
- Health, theory, concepts, and environment
- Nurses, physicians, health, and patient needs
- Person, health, environment, and nursing: 4
- Theory is essential to nursing practice because it: (Select all that apply.)
- Contributes to nursing knowledge.
- Predicts patient behaviors in situations.
- Practice theory
a. Very abstract; attempts to describe nursing in a global context
b. Specific to a particular situation; brings theory to the bedside
c. Applies theory from other disciplines to nursing practice
d. Addresses a specific phenomenon and reflects practice: 1d, 2c, 3a, 4b
- Match the following descriptions to the appropriate grand theorist.
- King
- Henderson
- Orem
- Neuman
a. Based on the theory that focuses on wellness and prevention of disease
b. Based on the belief that people who participate in self-care activities are more likely to improve their health outcomes c. Based on 14 activities, the belief that the nurse should assist patients with meeting needs until they are able to do so independently d. Based on the belief that nurses should work with patients to develop goals for care: 1d, 2c, 3b, 4a
- Match the following description to the appropriate middle-range theory.
- Benner's Skill Acquisition
- AACN's Synergy Model
- Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness
- Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort
a. The nurse strives to relieve patients' distress.
b. The nurse progresses through five stages of expertise.
c. The nurse helps the patient to process and find meaning related to his or her illness. d. Matching nurse competencies to patient needs can improve patient out- comes.: 1b, 2d, 3c, 4a
- Which of the following statements related to theory-based nursing practice are correct? (Select all that apply.)
- Nursing theory differentiates nursing from other disciplines.
- Nursing theories are standardized and do not change over time.
- Levine
- Watson
- Johnson: 1
- Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, identify the priority for a patient who is experiencing chest pain and difficulty breathing.
- Self-actualization
- Air, water, and nutrition
- Safety
- Esteem and self-esteem needs: 2
- Which of the following categories of shared theories would be most appro- priate for a patient who is grieving the loss of a spouse?
- Biomedical
- Leadership
- Psychosocial
- Developmental: 3
- While working in a rehabilitation facility, it is important to obtain nursing histories and develop a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. List in correct order the phases of Peplau's theory as applied in this setting. The nurse:
- Ensures that the patient has access to appropriate community resources for long-term care.
- Collaborates with the patient to identify specific patient needs.
- Collects essential information from the patient's health record.
- Works with the patient to develop a plan for resolving patient issues.: 3, 2, 4, 1
- Nurses have developed theories in response to: (Select all that apply.)
- Changes in health care.
- Prior nursing theories.
- Changes in nursing practice.
- Research findings.
- Government regulations.
- Theories from other disciplines.
- Physician opinions.: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
