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GCP Professional Cloud Architect: Google Cloud
Certification questions with correct answers
Your company has decided to make a major revision of their API in order to create better experiences for their developers. They need to keep the old version of the API available and deployable, while allowing new customers and testers to try out the new API. They want to keep the same SSL and DNS records in place to serve both APIs.What should they do? A. Configure a new load balancer for the new version of the API B. Reconfigure old clients to use a new endpoint for the new API C. Have the old API forward traffic to the new API based on the path D. Use separate backend pools for each API path behind the load balancer CORRECT ANSWER D. Use separate backend pools for each API path behind the load balancer Your company plans to migrate a multi-petabyte data set to the cloud. The data set must be available 24hrs a day. Your business analysts have experience only with using a SQL interface.How should you store the data to optimize it for ease of analysis? A. Load data into Google BigQuery B. Insert data into Google Cloud SQL C. Put flat files into Google Cloud Storage D. Stream data into Google Cloud Datastore CORRECT ANSWER A. Load data into Google BigQuery BigQuery is Google's serverless, highly scalable, low cost enterprise data warehouse designed to make all your data analysts productive. Because there is no infrastructure to manage, you can focus on analyzing data to find meaningful insights using familiar SQL and you don't need a database administrator.BigQuery enables you to analyze all your data by creating a logical data warehouse over managed, columnar storage as well as data from object storage, and spreadsheets.Reference:https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/ The operations manager asks you for a list of recommended practices that she should consider when migrating a J2EE application to the cloud.Which three practices should you recommend? (Choose three.) A. Port the application code to run on Google App Engine
B. Integrate Cloud Dataflow into the application to capture real-time metrics C. Instrument the application with a monitoring tool like Stackdriver Debugger D. Select an automation framework to reliably provision the cloud infrastructure E. Deploy a continuous integration tool with automated testing in a staging environment F. Migrate from MySQL to a managed NoSQL database like Google Cloud Datastore or Bigtable CORRECT ANSWER A. Port the application code to run on Google App Engine D. Select an automation framework to reliably provision the cloud infrastructure E. Deploy a continuous integration tool with automated testing in a staging environment References:https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/standard/java/tools/uploadinganapp https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/standard/java/building-app/cloud-sql A news feed web service has the following code running on Google App Engine. During peak load, users report that they can see news articles they already viewed.What is the most likely cause of this problem? A. The session variable is local to just a single instance B. The session variable is being overwritten in Cloud Datastore C. The URL of the API needs to be modified to prevent caching D. The HTTP Expires header needs to be set to -1 stop caching CORRECT ANSWER A. The session variable is local to just a single instance An application development team believes their current logging tool will not meet their needs for their new cloud-based product. They want a better tool to capture errors and help them analyze their historical log data. You want to help them find a solution that meets their needs.What should you do? A. Direct them to download and install the Google StackDriver logging agent B. Send them a list of online resources about logging best practices C. Help them define their requirements and assess viable logging tools D. Help them upgrade their current tool to take advantage of any new features CORRECT ANSWER C. Help them define their requirements and assess viable logging tools
will use this data, together with information about account owners and office locations.Which database type should you use? A. Flat file B. NoSQL C. Relational D. Blobstore CORRECT ANSWER B. NoSQL Correct Answer: B Relational databases were not designed to cope with the scale and agility challenges that face modern applications, nor were they built to take advantage of the commodity storage and processing power available today.NoSQL fits well for:✑ Developers are working with applications that create massive volumes of new, rapidly changing data types ג€" structured, semi-structured, unstructured and polymorphic data.Incorrect Answers:D: The Blobstore API allows your application to serve data objects, called blobs, that are much larger than the size allowed for objects in the Datastore service.Blobs are useful for serving large files, such as video or image files, and for allowing users to upload large data files.Reference:https://www.mongodb.com/nosql-explained You set up an autoscaling instance group to serve web traffic for an upcoming launch. After configuring the instance group as a backend service to an HTTP(S) load balancer, you notice that virtual machine (VM) instances are being terminated and re-launched every minute. The instances do not have a public IP address.You have verified the appropriate web response is coming from each instance using the curl command. You want to ensure the backend is configured correctly.What should you do? A. Ensure that a firewall rules exists to allow source traffic on HTTP/HTTPS to reach the load balancer. B. Assign a public IP to each instance and configure a firewall rule to allow the load balancer to reach the instance public IP. C. Ensure that a firewall rule exists to allow load balancer health checks to reach the instances in the instance group. D. Create a tag on each instance with the name of the load balancer. Configure a firewall rule with the name of the load balancer as the source and the instance tag as the destination. CORRECT ANSWER C. Ensure that a firewall rule exists to allow load balancer health checks to reach the instances in the instance group. Correct Answer: C The best practice when configuration a health check is to check health and serve traffic on the same port. However, it is possible to perform health checks on one port, but
serve traffic on another. If you do use two different ports, ensure that firewall rules and services running on instances are configured appropriately. If you run health checks and serve traffic on the same port, but decide to switch ports at some point, be sure to update both the backend service and the health check.Backend services that do not have a valid global forwarding rule referencing it will not be health checked and will have no health status.Reference:https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/load-balancing/http/backend-service You write a Python script to connect to Google BigQuery from a Google Compute Engine virtual machine. The script is printing errors that it cannot connect toBigQuery.What should you do to fix the script? A. Install the latest BigQuery API client library for Python B. Run your script on a new virtual machine with the BigQuery access scope enabled C. Create a new service account with BigQuery access and execute your script with that user Most Voted D. Install the bq component for gcloud with the command gcloud components install bq. CORRECT ANSWER C. Create a new service account with BigQuery access and execute your script with that user. (Most Voted) Your customer is moving an existing corporate application to Google Cloud Platform from an on-premises data center. The business owners require minimal user disruption. There are strict security team requirements for storing passwords.What authentication strategy should they use? A. Use G Suite Password Sync to replicate passwords into Google B. Federate authentication via SAML 2.0 to the existing Identity Provider C. Provision users in Google using the Google Cloud Directory Sync tool D. Ask users to set their Google password to match their corporate password CORRECT ANSWER C. Provision users in Google using the Google Cloud Directory Sync tool Your company has successfully migrated to the cloud and wants to analyze their data stream to optimize operations. They do not have any existing code for this analysis, so they are exploring all their options. These options include a mix of batch and stream processing, as they are running some hourly jobs and live- processing some data as it comes in.Which technology should they use for this? A. Google Cloud Dataproc B. Google Cloud Dataflow
Your application needs to process credit card transactions. You want the smallest scope of Payment Card Industry (PCI) compliance without compromising the ability to analyze transactional data and trends relating to which payment methods are used.How should you design your architecture? A. Create a tokenizer service and store only tokenized data B. Create separate projects that only process credit card data C. Create separate subnetworks and isolate the components that process credit card data D. Streamline the audit discovery phase by labeling all of the virtual machines (VMs) that process PCI data E. Enable Logging export to Google BigQuery and use ACLs and views to scope the data shared with the auditor CORRECT ANSWER A. Create a tokenizer service and store only tokenized data You have been asked to select the storage system for the click-data of your company's large portfolio of websites. This data is streamed in from a custom website analytics package at a typical rate of 6,000 clicks per minute. With bursts of up to 8,500 clicks per second. It must have been stored for future analysis by your data science and user experience teams.Which storage infrastructure should you choose? A. Google Cloud SQL B. Google Cloud Bigtable C. Google Cloud Storage D. Google Cloud Datastore CORRECT ANSWER B. Google Cloud Bigtable You are creating a solution to remove backup files older than 90 days from your backup Cloud Storage bucket. You want to optimize ongoing Cloud Storage spend.What should you do? A. Write a lifecycle management rule in XML and push it to the bucket with gsutil B. Write a lifecycle management rule in JSON and push it to the bucket with gsutil C. Schedule a cron script using gsutil ls ג€"lr gs://backups/** to find and remove items older than 90 days D. Schedule a cron script using gsutil ls ג€"l gs://backups/** to find and remove items older than 90 days and schedule it with cron CORRECT ANSWER B. Write a lifecycle management rule in JSON and push it to the bucket with gsutil
Your company is forecasting a sharp increase in the number and size of Apache Spark and Hadoop jobs being run on your local datacenter. You want to utilize the cloud to help you scale this upcoming demand with the least amount of operations work and code change.Which product should you use? A. Google Cloud Dataflow B. Google Cloud Dataproc C. Google Compute Engine D. Google Kubernetes Engine CORRECT ANSWER B. Google Cloud Dataproc The database administration team has asked you to help them improve the performance of their new database server running on Google Compute Engine. The database is for importing and normalizing their performance statistics and is built with MySQL running on Debian Linux. They have an n1-standard-8 virtual machine with 80 GB of SSD persistent disk.What should they change to get better performance from this system? A. Increase the virtual machineג€™s memory to 64 GB B. Create a new virtual machine running PostgreSQL C. Dynamically resize the SSD persistent disk to 500 GB D. Migrate their performance metrics warehouse to BigQuery E. Modify all of their batch jobs to use bulk inserts into the database CORRECT ANSWER C. Dynamically resize the SSD persistent disk to 500 GB You want to optimize the performance of an accurate, real-time, weather-charting application. The data comes from 50,000 sensors sending 10 readings a second, in the format of a timestamp and sensor reading.Where should you store the data? A. Google BigQuery B. Google Cloud SQL C. Google Cloud Bigtable D. Google Cloud Storage CORRECT ANSWER C. Google Cloud Bigtable Your company's user-feedback portal comprises a standard LAMP stack replicated across two zones. It is deployed in the us-central1 region and uses autoscaled managed instance groups on all layers, except the database. Currently, only a small group of select customers have access to the portal. The portal meets a99,99% availability SLA under these conditions. However next
A. Deploy fewer changes to production B. Deploy smaller changes to production C. Increase the load on your test and staging environments D. Deploy changes to a small subset of users before rolling out to production CORRECT ANSWER D. Deploy changes to a small subset of users before rolling out to production A small number of API requests to your microservices-based application take a very long time. You know that each request to the API can traverse many services.You want to know which service takes the longest in those cases.What should you do? A. Set timeouts on your application so that you can fail requests faster B. Send custom metrics for each of your requests to Stackdriver Monitoring C. Use Stackdriver Monitoring to look for insights that show when your API latencies are high D. Instrument your application with Stackdriver Trace in order to break down the request latencies at each microservice CORRECT ANSWER D. Instrument your application with Stackdriver Trace in order to break down the request latencies at each microservice During a high traffic portion of the day, one of your relational databases crashes, but the replica is never promoted to a master. You want to avoid this in the future.What should you do? A. Use a different database B. Choose larger instances for your database C. Create snapshots of your database more regularly D. Implement routinely scheduled failovers of your databases CORRECT ANSWER B. Choose larger instances for your database Your organization requires that metrics from all applications be retained for 5 years for future analysis in possible legal proceedings.Which approach should you use? A. Grant the security team access to the logs in each Project B. Configure Stackdriver Monitoring for all Projects, and export to BigQuery C. Configure Stackdriver Monitoring for all Projects with the default retention policies D. Configure Stackdriver Monitoring for all Projects, and export to Google Cloud Storage CORRECT ANSWER B. Configure Stackdriver Monitoring for all Projects, and export to BigQuery
Your company has decided to build a backup replica of their on-premises user authentication PostgreSQL database on Google Cloud Platform. The database is 4TB, and large updates are frequent. Replication requires private address space communication.Which networking approach should you use? A. Google Cloud Dedicated Interconnect B. Google Cloud VPN connected to the data center network C. A NAT and TLS translation gateway installed on-premises D. A Google Compute Engine instance with a VPN server installed connected to the data center network CORRECT ANSWER A. Google Cloud Dedicated Interconnect Auditors visit your teams every 12 months and ask to review all the Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (Cloud IAM) policy changes in the previous 12 months. You want to streamline and expedite the analysis and audit process.What should you do? A. Create custom Google Stackdriver alerts and send them to the auditor B. Enable Logging export to Google BigQuery and use ACLs and views to scope the data shared with the auditor C. Use cloud functions to transfer log entries to Google Cloud SQL and use ACLs and views to limit an auditorג€™s view D. Enable Google Cloud Storage (GCS) log export to audit logs into a GCS bucket and delegate access to the bucket CORRECT ANSWER B. Enable Logging export to Google BigQuery and use ACLs and views to scope the data shared with the auditor (Most Voted) You are designing a large distributed application with 30 microservices. Each of your distributed microservices needs to connect to a database back-end. You want to store the credentials securely.Where should you store the credentials? A. In the source code B. In an environment variable C. In a secret management system D. In a config file that has restricted access through ACLs CORRECT ANSWER C. In a secret management system
C. Create a shutdown script and use it as the value for a new metadata entry with the key shutdown-script in the Cloud Platform Console when you create the new virtual machine instance D. Create a shutdown script, registered as a xinetd service in Linux, and use the gcloud compute instances add-metadata command to specify the service URL as the value for a new metadata entry with the key shutdown-script-url CORRECT ANSWER C. Create a shutdown script and use it as the value for a new metadata entry with the key shutdown-script in the Cloud Platform Console when you create the new virtual machine instance Your organization has a 3-tier web application deployed in the same network on Google Cloud Platform. Each tier (web, API, and database) scales independently of the others. Network traffic should flow through the web to the API tier and then on to the database tier. Traffic should not flow between the web and the database tier.How should you configure the network? A. Add each tier to a different subnetwork B. Set up software based firewalls on individual VMs C. Add tags to each tier and set up routes to allow the desired traffic flow D. Add tags to each tier and set up firewall rules to allow the desired traffic flow CORRECT ANSWER D. Add tags to each tier and set up firewall rules to allow the desired traffic flow Your development team has installed a new Linux kernel module on the batch servers in Google Compute Engine (GCE) virtual machines (VMs) to speed up the nightly batch process. Two days after the installation, 50% of the batch servers failed the nightly batch run. You want to collect details on the failure to pass back to the development team.Which three actions should you take? (Choose three.) A. Use Stackdriver Logging to search for the module log entries B. Read the debug GCE Activity log using the API or Cloud Console C. Use gcloud or Cloud Console to connect to the serial console and observe the logs D. Identify whether a live migration event of the failed server occurred, using in the activity log E. Adjust the Google Stackdriver timeline to match the failure time, and observe the batch server metrics F. Export a debug VM into an image, and run the image on a local server where kernel log messages will be displayed on the native screen CORRECT ANSWER A. Use Stackdriver Logging to search for the module log entries
C. Use gcloud or Cloud Console to connect to the serial console and observe the logs E. Adjust the Google Stackdriver timeline to match the failure time, and observe the batch server metrics Your company wants to try out the cloud with low risk. They want to archive approximately 100 TB of their log data to the cloud and test the analytics features available to them there, while also retaining that data as a long-term disaster recovery backup.Which two steps should you take? (Choose two.) A. Load logs into Google BigQuery B. Load logs into Google Cloud SQL C. Import logs into Google Stackdriver D. Insert logs into Google Cloud Bigtable E. Upload log files into Google Cloud Storage CORRECT ANSWER A. Load logs into Google BigQuery E. Upload log files into Google Cloud Storage You created a pipeline that can deploy your source code changes to your infrastructure in instance groups for self-healing. One of the changes negatively affects your key performance indicator. You are not sure how to fix it, and investigation could take up to a week.What should you do? A. Log in to a server, and iterate on the fox locally B. Revert the source code change, and rerun the deployment pipeline C. Log into the servers with the bad code change, and swap in the previous code D. Change the instance group template to the previous one, and delete all instances CORRECT ANSWER B. Revert the source code change, and rerun the deployment pipeline Your organization wants to control IAM policies for different departments independently, but centrally.Which approach should you take? A. Multiple Organizations with multiple Folders B. Multiple Organizations, one for each department
Your customer support tool logs all email and chat conversations to Cloud Bigtable for retention and analysis. What is the recommended approach for sanitizing this data of personally identifiable information or payment card information before initial storage? A. Hash all data using SHA B. Encrypt all data using elliptic curve cryptography C. De-identify the data with the Cloud Data Loss Prevention API D. Use regular expressions to find and redact phone numbers, email addresses, and credit card numbers CORRECT ANSWER C. De-identify the data with the Cloud Data Loss Prevention API You are using Cloud Shell and need to install a custom utility for use in a few weeks. Where can you store the file so it is in the default execution path and persists across sessions? A. ~/bin B. Cloud Storage C. /google/scripts D. /usr/local/bin CORRECT ANSWER A. ~/bin You want to create a private connection between your instances on Compute Engine and your on-premises data center. You require a connection of at least 20Gbps. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. How should you set up the connection? A. Create a VPC and connect it to your on-premises data center using Dedicated Interconnect. B. Create a VPC and connect it to your on-premises data center using a single Cloud VPN. C. Create a Cloud Content Delivery Network (Cloud CDN) and connect it to your on-premises data center using Dedicated Interconnect. D. Create a Cloud Content Delivery Network (Cloud CDN) and connect it to your on-premises datacenter using a single Cloud VPN. CORRECT ANSWER A. Create a VPC and connect it to your on-premises data center using Dedicated Interconnect. You are analyzing and defining business processes to support your startup's trial usage of GCP, and you don't yet know what consumer demand for your product will be. Your manager requires you to minimize GCP service costs and adhere to Google best practices. What should you do? A. Utilize free tier and sustained use discounts. Provision a staff position for service cost management.
B. Utilize free tier and sustained use discounts. Provide training to the team about service cost management. C. Utilize free tier and committed use discounts. Provision a staff position for service cost management. D. Utilize free tier and committed use discounts. Provide training to the team about service cost management. CORRECT ANSWER B. Utilize free tier and sustained use discounts. Provide training to the team about service cost management. You are building a continuous deployment pipeline for a project stored in a Git source repository and want to ensure that code changes can be verified before deploying to production. What should you do? A. Use Spinnaker to deploy builds to production using the red/black deployment strategy so that changes can easily be rolled back. B. Use Spinnaker to deploy builds to production and run tests on production deployments. C. Use Jenkins to build the staging branches and the master branch. Build and deploy changes to production for 10% of users before doing a complete rollout. D. Use Jenkins to monitor tags in the repository. Deploy staging tags to a staging environment for testing. After testing, tag the repository for production and deploy that to the production environment. CORRECT ANSWER C. Use Jenkins to build the staging branches and the master branch. Build and deploy changes to production for 10% of users before doing a complete rollout. You have an outage in your Compute Engine managed instance group: all instances keep restarting after 5 seconds. You have a health check configured, but autoscaling is disabled. Your colleague, who is a Linux expert, offered to look into the issue. You need to make sure that he can access the VMs. What should you do? A. Grant your colleague the IAM role of project Viewer B. Perform a rolling restart on the instance group C. Disable the health check for the instance group. Add his SSH key to the project-wide SSH Keys D. Disable autoscaling for the instance group. Add his SSH key to the project-wide SSH Keys CORRECT ANSWER C. Disable the health check for the instance group. Add his SSH key to the project-wide SSH Keys
You are migrating your on-premises solution to Google Cloud in several phases. You will use Cloud VPN to maintain a connection between your on-premises systems and Google Cloud until the migration is completed. You want to make sure all your on-premise systems remain reachable during this period. How should you organize your networking in Google Cloud? A. Use the same IP range on Google Cloud as you use on-premises B. Use the same IP range on Google Cloud as you use on-premises for your primary IP range and use a secondary range that does not overlap with the range you use on-premises C. Use an IP range on Google Cloud that does not overlap with the range you use on-premises D. Use an IP range on Google Cloud that does not overlap with the range you use on-premises for your primary IP range and use a secondary range with the same IP range as you use on- premises CORRECT ANSWER C. Use an IP range on Google Cloud that does not overlap with the range you use on-premises (Most Voted) You have found an error in your App Engine application caused by missing Cloud Datastore indexes. You have created a YAML file with the required indexes and want to deploy these new indexes to Cloud Datastore. What should you do? A. Point gcloud datastore create-indexes to your configuration file B. Upload the configuration file to App Engineג€™s default Cloud Storage bucket, and have App Engine detect the new indexes C. In the GCP Console, use Datastore Admin to delete the current indexes and upload the new configuration file D. Create an HTTP request to the built-in python module to send the index configuration file to your application CORRECT ANSWER A. Point gcloud datastore create-indexes to your configuration file You have an application that will run on Compute Engine. You need to design an architecture that takes into account a disaster recovery plan that requires your application to fail over to another region in case of a regional outage. What should you do? A. Deploy the application on two Compute Engine instances in the same project but in a different region. Use the first instance to serve traffic, and use the HTTP load balancing service to fail over to the standby instance in case of a disaster. B. Deploy the application on a Compute Engine instance. Use the instance to serve traffic, and use the HTTP load balancing service to fail over to an instance on your premises in case of a disaster.
C. Deploy the application on two Compute Engine instance groups, each in the same project but in a different region. Use the first instance group to serve traffic, and use the HTTP load balancing service to fail over to the standby instance group in case of a disaster. D. Deploy the application on two Compute Engine instance groups, each in a separate project and a different region. Use the first instance group to serve traffic, and use the HTTP load balancing service to fail over to the standby instance group in case of a disaster. CORRECT ANSWER C. Deploy the application on two Compute Engine instance groups, each in the same project but in a different region. Use the first instance group to serve traffic, and use the HTTP load balancing service to fail over to the standby instance group in case of a disaster. You are deploying an application on App Engine that needs to integrate with an on-premises database. For security purposes, your on-premises database must not be accessible through the public internet. What should you do? A. Deploy your application on App Engine standard environment and use App Engine firewall rules to limit access to the open on-premises database. B. Deploy your application on App Engine standard environment and use Cloud VPN to limit access to the on-premises database. C. Deploy your application on App Engine flexible environment and use App Engine firewall rules to limit access to the on-premises database. D. Deploy your application on App Engine flexible environment and use Cloud VPN to limit access to the on-premises database. CORRECT ANSWER D. Deploy your application on App Engine flexible environment and use Cloud VPN to limit access to the on-premises database. You are working in a highly secured environment where public Internet access from the Compute Engine VMs is not allowed. You do not yet have a VPN connection to access an on- premises file server. You need to install specific software on a Compute Engine instance. How should you install the software? A. Upload the required installation files to Cloud Storage. Configure the VM on a subnet with a Private Google Access subnet. Assign only an internal IP address to the VM. Download the installation files to the VM using gsutil. B. Upload the required installation files to Cloud Storage and use firewall rules to block all traffic except the IP address range for Cloud Storage. Download the files to the VM using gsutil. C. Upload the required installation files to Cloud Source Repositories. Configure the VM on a subnet with a Private Google Access subnet. Assign only an internal IP address to the VM. Download the installation files to the VM using gcloud.
