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General and household pest management 7a
Iowa UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
integrated pest management Threshold Harborage Bait - CORRECT ANSWER - Intergrated pest managment- systematic approach to pest control that uses all resonable pesr control methods in an envirentally compatible and economicslly feasible manner to reduce or eliminate pest populations Threshold- highest acceptable point a pest population can reach without risk of significant damage, health concerns, or nuisance Harborage-a place providing shelter for a pest Bait- food/substance used to attract a pest to a pesticide or a trap. (Used to kill the ****er and ****ers) gradual metamorphosis Complete metamorphosis - CORRECT ANSWER - gradual metamorphosis-gradual, involving little more than an increase in size (egg, nymph (adolescence), and adult) Complete metamorphosis has 4 stages (egg,larva, pupa, and adult)
4 places to inspect to look for pest or evidence of pests - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.cracks 2.behind/under stuff
- Messy areas
- Utility lines (electric, water, gas, computers etc) (Where they will go into the outside building structure or interior walls) Tools needed during a facility inspection - CORRECT ANSWER - Powerful flashlight UV (black) light Magnifying glass Long-handled mirror Palettes knife or spatula Access tools (screwdrivers, pliers) PPE Vacuum with HEPA filter Clipboard with paper and pen Monitoring techniques used in pest management - CORRECT ANSWER - Flushing agents Sticky traps Pheromone traps Mechanical traps Light traps Production inspection
Crack-and-crevice- small amounts of insecticides into cracks and crevices in which insects hide it though which they may enter buildings Void- application of an insecticide into an empty space inside a wall or ceiling, behind a kick plate, inside a table leg, or in any other void that is prime for roaches,ants. And pests Space- application of fine aerosol mist of insecticide into ant sized, open area with the intent of providing a rapid knockdown and death of the pest with little or not residual effects (flushing) Barrier- application of a band of insecticides on the list portion of a building, around the building perimeter and/or near doorways or windows Bait- poison food into cracks and crevices or voids or those packaged as bait stations 3 types of application equipment that could be used in a perimeter treatment - CORRECT ANSWER - Large capacity sprayer Backpack sprayer Compressed air sprayer Where to use hand-held dusters vs power dusters inside a structure - CORRECT ANSWER - Hand held- small spaces (holes/cracks) Power- large areas (attics, craw space or pipe chases) Two types of ultra-low volume application devices - CORRECT ANSWER - Cold foggers
Thermal foggers Importance of equipment maintenance in pest management programs - CORRECT ANSWER - Look for leaking hoses and connections Plugged it worn nozzles or tips Dirty or worn gaskets (A clean sprayer is unlikely to contaminate a space occupied by humans or food and it doesn't contain pesticide residues that the applicator could contact) Define Thigmotatic; Ootheca; Gregarious - CORRECT ANSWER - Thigmotactic-hiding during daylight hours in gaps, crevices, and other tight places where their bodies can touch surfaces both above and below Ootheca- small bean-shaped egg cases Gregarious-move in or form a group Health concerns associated with cockroach infestations - CORRECT ANSWER - Buildup of cockroaches ( and other pests) in a structure 4 common., structure-infesting cockroach species - CORRECT ANSWER - German cockroach Brownbanded cockroach American cockroach Oriental cockroach
How insecticide repellency will affect cockroach management - CORRECT ANSWER - Avoidance by cockroaches They will seek harborage in previously uninfected areas, this monitoring throughout the whole place in needed. Primary reasons for bait failure - CORRECT ANSWER - Poor sanitation Inadequate bait placement Immigration into the site Bait aversion Behavior resistance Define: Swarm Caste Budding Trophallaxis Petiole Gaster Trail pheromones - CORRECT ANSWER - Swarm-a large number of winged insects
Caste-a group of colony members that specialize on particular tasks for prolonged periods of time Budding-the breakaway of a group of ants from a main colony to form a new colony Trophallaxis- the transfer of food or fluids among members of an insect community through mouth-to-mouth or anus-to-mouth feeding Petiole- barrow stalk or stem by which the abdomen is attached to the thorax in ants Gaster- rounded part of the abdomen posterior to the node-like segment of ants Trail pheromones- chemicals secreted by an animal for the purpose of impacting the behavior of another like animal receiving it (leading their species to food sources) Social order within any colonies - CORRECT ANSWER - Queens lay eggs Worker ants- females, look for food, tend to the queen, caring for eggs, larvae and pupae, building and repairing nest, protecting the colony Swarmers (winged reproductive ants)- only produced prior to reproductive activity in the colony. Have wings leave the nest and **** Key body characteristics used to identify ant species - CORRECT ANSWER - Shape or thorax Number of nodes making up the petiole Spines on the thorax Antennal segments and clubs Color and size Distinctive odors when crushed
Carpenter ant- dead insects, plant and fruit juices, honeydew and I the sugars, eggs, meats, cheese, cakes and food grease (proteins are preferred in spring and late summer for brood development; carbohydrates are sought during fall) Crazy ants- animal material, other insects, sweets and kitchen scraps Larger yellow ant- honeydew from aphids and mealybugs feeding on the roots of shrubs Little black ant- plant secretions and aphid honeydew, sweets,meat, bread, grease, vegetables and fruit Odorous house ant- sweets and honeydew from aphids and scale insects. Nectars, live and dead bugs, carcasses of birds and small mammals. Inside they eat sweets (likely to invade on a rainy day because their supply of honeydew has been washed away) Pavement ant- meat, bread, cheese, nuts, sweets, grease, dead insects and animal carcasses. Workers will also tend aphids and mealybugs Pharaoh ant- syrups, fruits, meats, breads, and dead bugs (they will eat soap and toothpaste Thief ant- ant larvae, dead insects, honeydew, germinating seeds, meat, cheese, peanut butter, and grease (grease ants) feed on rodent carcasses, making potential disease vectors Human health concerns associated with pharaoh ants - CORRECT ANSWER - Eat open wounds, mouths of sleeping infants or enter intravenous feeding bottles attached 4 approaches for managing ant infestations - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Pest proofing and sanitation
- Barrier treatments
- Treating the nest directly
- Baits as a way of delivering pesticide into the nest How baiting controls ant colonies - CORRECT ANSWER - It sees what type of food they like, locate, and they will bring the bait back to the colony so the whole Colony can die Name 3 ant bait formulations - CORRECT ANSWER - Liquid bait Gel bait Granular bait Choice of insecticide and application site for ant management? - CORRECT ANSWER - Baits Barriers Sticky traps 5 locations ants build their nests? - CORRECT ANSWER - Wood Near hot water pipes or near warm areas Soil Near another colony Crevices Human health concerns from nuisance - CORRECT ANSWER - Can transfer disease- causing organisms General life cycle of flies - CORRECT ANSWER - Flies have a specific requirements for egg-laying sites where larvae will develop. Maggots (fly larvae) have chewing mouthparts, are
Adults are yellowish brown to black, with black eyes Thorax is characteristically hump-shaped when viewed from the side Fungus 1/16-1/8 inch long Adults are black Look like mosquitoes Difference between house fly,cluster fly and blow fly - CORRECT ANSWER - Difference between House fly 1/4 inch long Adults have a dull grey thorax with 4 lengthwise dark stripes and a dark abdomen Habits- during the day they are near breeding sites and sources of food and moisture. At night they rest on stationary objects like wires, fences, vegetation, and sides of buildings Cluster fly 9/32 inches long Adults have fine yellow or gold hairs on the thorax Habits- on warmer summer days of winter or early spring they start appearing. They fly into lights and windows often colliding with objects and falling to the ground to spin on their backs like *******es Blow fly Blow- metallic green,blue, bronze or black 1/4-9/16 inches
Habit- during the day they are near breeding sites and sources of food and moisture. At night they rest on stationary objects like wires, fences, vegetation, and sides of buildings Adults can disperse more than 10 miles in search of food and ****ing sites They can multiply and be a pain in the ass Their direct association with animal carcasses can constitute a public health hazard Contrast the breeding site preference for: Vinegar fly Moth fly Humpbacked fly Fungus gnat - CORRECT ANSWER - Vinegar fly- females lay in overripe or fermenting fruits and vegs and in food residues that's have accumulated in garbage, pop can, or recycling containers. They also lay them in eggs in refrigerator drains pans, around slow plumbing leaks and in fermenting slime in kitchen sink drains and garbage disposals Moth fly- females lay on surface of the decaying organic slime layer that forms in floor drains, sewers, overflows on sinks and pools and evaporation trays of refrigerators and air conditioners Humpbacked fly- floor drains, trash containers, elevator pits, and garbage disposals and where drain or sewage pipes have broken under slabs or in crawl spaces. Alternate sites include dirty floor mops, janitor clothes, laundry rooms, pet rodent bedding, septic systems and mortuaries (flies infesting human cadavers)
Identify items commonly infested by: Indian meal moth, drugstore beetle, booklice - CORRECT ANSWER - Indian meal moth- crackers, dried beans, nuts, dried fruits, chocolate, bird seed, dry pet food and tea Drugstore beetle- spices, seeds, grains, dried fruits, pet food, dried plant material and tobacco products. Leather, wool, hair, books, and drugs Booklice- molds and fungi. Infest stores food, bird and insect nests, and moldy glue, paper sizing and paper products The damaging stage of granary weevil, carpet beetles, silverfish - CORRECT ANSWER - Granary weevil- whole grains and seed: food seeds or beans in cupboards, popcorn, saved gardens seeds, dried seed decorations, Indian corn, old bean bags,!old grain-bases rodent bait or bird seed. Carpet beetles- hair, fur, feathers, horns, dead bird, dead insects, wool carpets or stored woolen materials and dried meats. Found in grain products, cereals, seeds, candy, dried fruits, nuts, dried milk, and pet food. They will feed on wool clothing and dead bugs Silverfish- paper, books, book bindings, wallpaper, labels, and starchy glues Distinguish between Red flour and confused flour beetles Sawtoothed grain beetle and rice weevil Larder beetle and carpet beetles Case making and webbing clothes moths
Silverfish and firebrats - CORRECT ANSWER - Red flour battle-primarily in homes,stronger flier, last 3 antennal segments from a distinct club Confused flour beetle- typically found in food-processing places, don't fly, last 4 antennal segments gradually enlarge Sawtoothed grain beetle- 1/10-1/8 inch long Adults are elongated,dark brown, flattened beetles with 6 sawtooth-like projections on each side of the thorax Larvae are dirty white less than 1/8 inch long with a cigar-shaped body Rice weevil- 1/8 inch, have snout on their beads and have long slender, hard-shelled, reddish brown bodies that appear pitted or scarred with tiny holes. Has 4 yellow spots in wing covers Larder beetle- 1/4-3/8 inch long. Adults are elongated and oval, dark brown or black with characteristic yellow band across the wing covers. This light colored band has from 6 to 8 black spots on it. Larvae are 1/2-5/8 long, dark brown with long brown hairs. There are two upward curved spines on the posterior end. Mature larvae wander to find something solid to pupate in, bore into wood or something similar to make a pupal chamber and then plug the hole with the last molted skin Carpet beetle- adult beetles are typically 1/8-1/4 inch long. Larvae are from 1/4-1/2 inch long, cigar-shaped and covered with yellow, brown or black hairs that lay flat on body or are erect, depending on species (larvae are slow moving)
- check the date of expiration. if the contents can't be used before it expired, choose another package with a longer expiration date
- keep foo storage areas clean
- store dried foods in tightly fitting glass, metal or plastic containers or in the freezer (if appropriate)
- date products after purchase and use older products first.
- have an ongoing ( or laundering or dry cleaning, where appropriate) of the facility or vulnerable items.
- store valuable items ( bridal gown, tuxedo, furs) in specialized storage containers after dry cleaning
- remove dead insects and nests (wasp, bird) that can be used as food source for stored product pests
- use moth balls ( naphthalene) or cedar as repellants when a Outline the pesticide formulations that could be used against stores product pests and where they would be applied (find later) - CORRECT ANSWER - - very few pesticides can be used directly on food products. if pesticides are used to control a stored product pest, food must be removed and the label directions must be followed to prevent food contamination
- a residual crack-and-crevice or spot may be required to kill wandering insects and to prevent re- infestation from wall or ceiling voids where adults have found harborage
- traditional insecticide dusts can be placed in attics or structural voids to control fabric pests feeding on accumulated dead insects. inorganic dusts and micro encapsulated pesticides should be used if the site has high temps.
- granular baits have labels to control some stored products pests (silverfish)
- baseboard spraying, fogging, and broad area treatments are generally ineffective and waste insecticide and the pest manager's time
- pesticides should not be applied to clothing. these items should be dry cleaned or washed in a clothes washer
- common active ingredient of insecticides used to control stored product pests include pyrethroids, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, and synergies pyrethrins What is accidental invader - CORRECT ANSWER - pests the may occur in buildings at some stage of their life cycle, but that do not usually complete their entire life cycle with the structure.
3 needs each pest species must have to survive in a site - CORRECT ANSWER - food, water and shelter 4 common places that pests can enter a structure? - CORRECT ANSWER - cracks, windows, doors, and any utility service Distinguish between Multicolored Asian lady beetle and boxelder bug House cricket and camel cricket Centipede and millipede Sow bug and pillbug - CORRECT ANSWER - Multicolored Asian lady beetle-1/3 inch long. Oval with a domed body. They have a black "M" on the white prothorax. The wing covers colors varies from pale to dark orange and may have dark spots. Boxelder bug- 1/2 inch long, elongated oval body shape is pointed on each end is black with red lines on the thorax and red outlines on the wings. House cricket- 3/4 inch long. light yellowish brownish with 3 dark bands on thorax and long pointed wings. very attracted to light. Camel cricket- 3/4 inch long. Tan with hump-backed body. Wingless. Not attracted to light Centipede- can be 1 1/2 inch long. have yellowish brown hues with 3 dark stripes running along the body with a lighter shading between them. They have 15 pairs of long, spindly legs, now per body segment, and large well developed multifaceted eyes.
