Genetic Terms – Binary Fission, Slides of Genetics

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Genetic Terms – Binary

Fission - Mitosis

Binary Fission

• Asexual reproduction
• Cell division
• Prokaryotes
• Each offspring is genetically identical to its parent
• E. coli – under optimal conditions – can complete this process in 20 minutes!

Binary Fission

Step 1: The cell wall prepares for

replication. The cell wall starts to rupture.

Step 2: The cell grows larger and the

chromosomes separate and move to

opposite poles of the cell. The cell

membrane begins to pinch inward,

separating the two identical chromosomes.

Step 3 : Cytokinesis occurs and two

identical bacterium exist

Mitosis

5

Four Mitotic Stages

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

7

Early Prophase

Chromatin in nucleus condenses to form visible chromosomes

Mitotic spindle forms from fibers in cytoskeleton or centrioles (animal)

8

Chromosomes

Nucleolus^ Cytoplasm

Nuclear Membrane

Late Prophase

Nucleus & Nucleolus have disintegrated

Chromosomes

Review of Prophase

What’s happening

Metaphase

Chromosomes, attached to the kinetochore fibers, move to the center of the cell

Chromosomes are now lined up at the equator

Pole of the Cell

Equator of Cell

Metaphase

Chromosomes lined at the Equator

Asters at the poles

Spindle Fibers

Anaphase

Sister Chromatids being separated into daughter chromosomes

Anaphase Review

What the cell looks like

What’s occurring

Comparison of Anaphase & Telophase

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Cytokinesis

Means division of the cytoplasm

Division of cell into two, identical

halves called daughter cells

In plant cells, cell plate forms at the

equator to divide cell

In animal cells, cleavage furrow

forms to split cell