Non-Mendelian Genetics: Exploring Inheritance Patterns Beyond Dominance and Recessiveness, Lecture notes of Genetics

An overview of various non-mendelian inheritance patterns, including incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles, and polygenic traits. It delves into the genetic mechanisms behind these phenomena, using examples from different organisms such as rhodedendron, roan cattle, appaloosa horses, lab mice, rabbits, and blood types. The document also covers sex-linked traits, highlighting their prevalence in males due to the lack of a second x chromosome to mask recessive genes. By understanding these complex inheritance patterns, students can gain a deeper appreciation for the diversity and complexity of genetic inheritance, which is crucial for fields like genetics, biology, and biotechnology.

Typology: Lecture notes

2022/2023

Available from 07/01/2024

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Genetics
LESSON 2
Non-Mendelian Genetics
Incomplete Dominance
- a third (new) phenotype
appears in the heterozygous
condition as a BLEND of the
dominant and recessive
phenotypes.
Ex - Dominant Red (R) + Recessive White
(r) = Hybrid Pink (Rr)
Codominance
- in the heterozygous condition, both
alleles are expressed equally with
NO blending! Represented by using
two DIFFERENT capital letters.
Example: Dominant Black (B) +
Dominant White (W) = Speckled Black
and White Phenotype (BW)
Rhodedendron
Roan Cattle
Appaloosa horses
Multiple Alleles
- there are more than two alleles for
a gene.
Ex blood type consists of two dominant
and one recessive allele option. Allele A
and B are dominant over Allele O (i)
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Genetics

LESSON 2

Non-Mendelian Genetics Incomplete Dominance

  • a third (new) phenotype appears in the heterozygous condition as a BLEND of the dominant and recessive phenotypes. Ex - Dominant Red (R) + Recessive White (r) = Hybrid Pink (Rr) Codominance
  • in the heterozygous condition, both alleles are expressed equally with NO blending! Represented by using two DIFFERENT capital letters. Example: Dominant Black (B) + Dominant White (W) = Speckled Black and White Phenotype (BW) Rhodedendron Roan Cattle Appaloosa horses Multiple Alleles
  • there are more than two alleles for a gene. Ex – blood type consists of two dominant and one recessive allele option. Allele A and B are dominant over Allele O (i)

Lab Mouse Fur Colors Rabbit Fur Colors Blood Types Polygenic Traits

  • traits produced by multiple genes example: skin color Sex-linked Traits
  • Gene is attached to the X chromosome only, not found on the Y chromosome at all. (women have XX, men have XY chromosomes). These disorders are more common in boys. examples: red-green colorblindness
  • in males, there is no second X chromosome to “mask” a recessive gene. If they get an X with the