Download Genetics Module 1: Introduction to Heredity and Genetic Engineering and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
Genetics module 1 portage
learning actual solution
1.1 selective breeding - answer โ
โ
the process of selecting organisms with desired traits(strength, speed, agility, intelligence) to be parents of the next generation for the human advantage EXAMPLES: camals, dogs, wolves, horses) 1.1 Epigenesis and performation - answer โ
โ
The understanding of human genetics beyond selective breeding increased in the 1600s when William Harvey, a development specialist, proposed epigenesis.
it was a concept that a fertilized human egg undergoes specific developmental events that eventually lead to the formation of a human At the time, this theory directly contradicted the idea of preformation, in which a fertilized egg contained a tiny version of a completely developed adult termed a homunculus 1.1 cell theory - answer โ
โ
it was introduced by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, proposing that all living organisms were composed of organized structures called cells and that these cells were derived from identical precursor cells. 1.1 spontaneous generation - answer โ
โ
The idea that living things can spontaneously generate from nonliving components (dust can become fleas) 1.1 Natural selection - answer โ
โ
theory made by Charles Darwin
genes that were contained within chromosomes These chromosomes were ultimately proven to be equally contributed from each parent via gametes 1.2 where is the gene place - answer โ
โ
A gene has a place on every chromosome and he knows where it needs to go Everything about us is made up of genes we contain thousands of genes 1.2 chromosomes - answer โ
โ
they are found in the nucleus of a cell and hold the genetic information for almost all living organisms. Each organism carries a specific number of chromosomes 1.2 chromosome amount - answer โ
โ
Humans have 23 sets of chromosomes; 22 paired chromosomes (homologous) and one set of sex chromosomes (x or y)
There are 46 chromosomes individually FEMALES(XX) MALES(XY) 1.2 haploid - answer โ
โ
1n= 1.2 diploid - answer โ
โ
2n= 1.2 homologous chromosomes - answer โ
โ
Chromosomes exist within cells in pairs 1.2 allels - answer โ
โ
These are variations among the same gene resulting from a mutation in the gene; alternative versions of the normal gene 1.2 wild-type allele - answer โ
โ
"Normal" in genetic terms is the gene that occurs most often in a population
Every single gene has a unique nucleotide sequence that encodes the genetic information for all living organisms 1.3 restriction enzymes - answer โ
โ
These were discovered in bacteria in the 1970s researchers soon realized that these enzymes could be readily isolated and purified by chopping up the infected part 1.3 vector - answer โ
โ
Using these enzymes, DNA from a given gene that contains specific restriction sequences can be fragmented, purified, and inserted into carrier DNA known as a vector to form recombinant DNA, or rDNA DNA from given genes can be fragmented purified and inserted into vectors to form re-combat it DNA 1.3 Biotechnology - answer โ
โ
using genetics to make products
EXAMPLES: corn, cotton, papaya, pig and cows) 1.3 Biotechnology in Medicine - answer โ
โ
Biotechnological advances have also revolutionized the use of human proteins for modern medicine. Gene transfer has allowed transfer of human proteins into transgenic animals for mass production in medicine 1.3 transgenic - answer โ
โ
The use of crop plants that are genetically modified to resist pests and herbicides or to enhance nutrition has revolutionized agricultural systems the advantageous heritable traits have been introduced using recombinant DNA technology. 1.3 Atryn - answer โ
โ
an FDA-approved anticlotting agent. it was the first biologic product ever produced from a transgenic animal. Isolated from the milk of genetically engineered goats and
1.4 model organisms - answer โ
โ
they are used to study inherited diseases. But it must have certain criteria
- easy to maintain and grow -have rapid and pro life long cycle
- easy to work with -fairly inexpensive QUESTIONS The module discusses how the domestication of dogs from wolves may have gradually taken place. For instance, friendly wolves approached humans for food and companionship, and the humans realized that they enjoyed the wolves' company and could use them in their hunting and gathering. Can you think of another example of an evolutionary process that occurred that would have given humans a distinct advantage? - answer โ
โ
Horses, cats, camels, etc. were domesticated for use; and plants that could grow in a variety of environments are just a few examples.
QUESTIONS
Early theories proposed that the fertilized egg contained a tiny human in a form called the __________. - answer โ
โ
Homunculus QUESTIONS Where were restriction enzymes first discovered? How are they useful in genetics research and biotechnology? - answer โ
โ
Restriction enzymes were first discovered in bacteria in that they could cut and inactivate the DNA of invading viruses. Scientists use restriction enzymes to cut/fragment DNA to isolate almost any gene for study. QUESTIONS The concept that a fertilized egg undergoes developmental events that lead to the formation of a human is called _________. - answer โ
โ
Epigenesis
Humans have a haploid number of: - answer โ
โ
23 QUESTION True or False: All genetic disorders will show a phenotype early in life, if not at birth. - answer โ
โ
True
