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END OF PAGE Which of the following best describes a characteristic of the earliest phase of Alzheimer's disease? a. impaired speech b. personality changes c. total dependence upon others for care d. progressive forgetfulness - ANSWERS-d. progressive forgetfulness The nurse is asked to assist a family with finding help to care for their terminally ill grandfather who was just diagnosed with inoperable brain cancer. To which of the following programs would the nurse refer the family? a. the hospital b. respite care c. hospice d. visiting nurse association - ANSWERS-c. hospice Which of the following is least likely a risk factor associated with those who abuse the elderly? a. history of mental illness
END OF PAGE b. overwhelmed c. poor self-image d. female - ANSWERS-d. female A 60 year old African American male with known hypertension comes to the emergency room with complaints of bad indigestion that has continued all night and a little bit of numbness in his left arm. What action should the admitting nurse take? a. have the patient sit in the waiting room to be seen in order b. treat him as if it he could be having a heart attack c. give him some antacids immediately after checking with the physician d. call 911 and let the paramedics decide what to do - ANSWERS-b. treat him as if it he could be having a heart attack ** One of the most significant changes in the reproductive system for older females who are sexually active is: a. decreased vaginal lubrication b. atrophy of uterus c. decreased libido d. lack of male partners - ANSWERS-a. decreased vaginal lubrication
END OF PAGE d. all of the above - ANSWERS-d. all of the above The physician is discussing an older person who has just had a stroke. He says that he will try to give t-PA to minimize the ischemic penumbra. What does this tell you? a. he believes the person will die b. he believes the person has had a hemorrhagic stroke that can be helped by medication c. he believes the person has had a stroke from a clot which, if eliminated, may result in less damage d. he doesn't know what he is talking about - ANSWERS-c. he believes the person has had a stroke from a clot which, if eliminated, may result in less damage Which of the following signs exhibited by an older female at home is one that would cause you to call 911? a. a bad headache b. sudden coughing c. forgetting where her car keys are d. sudden numbness of her right arm - ANSWERS-d. sudden numbness of her right arm
END OF PAGE An African American male, age 72, is admitted to the nurse's unit for a blood pressure of 180/100. Based on this information, what does the nurse suspect? a. this patient eats too much salt, causing a rise in blood pressure b. this patient probably has hypertension and is at increased risk for stroke c. this patient is overweight and does not exercise d. all of the above - ANSWERS-b. this patient probably has hypertension and is at increased risk for stroke The nurse is teaching a 69 year old female with congestive heart failure about self-management of her disease. Which of the following would be considered appropriate to teach this patient? a. maintain healthy weight, limit sodium intake, exercise regularly, take meds as ordered b. lose 20 pounds, weigh daily at home, report weight gain of more than 1 pound to the physician c. see the doctor weekly, take meds as ordered, limit sodium intake d. keep blood pressure at 160/90, eat a diet low in fats, exercise twice per week - ANSWERS-a. maintain healthy weight, limit sodium intake, exercise regularly, take meds as ordered
END OF PAGE Which of the following would be the most appropriate bowel program for an older person with constipation who is recovering from a stroke? a. daily soap suds enema b. increase fiber, fluids, and activity c. Colace four times per day d. digital stimulation every morning after a suppository - ANSWERS-b. increase fiber, fluids, and activity The nurse is caring for a 78 year old male who had a TURP 36 hours prior. Which of the following will be most essential for the nurse to monitor? a. heart rate, respirations, and amount eaten at meals b. the CBI flow to run clear, amounts and color of urine output c. the output from the indwelling foley catheter d. the amount of urine the patient voids into the urinal - ANSWERS-b. the CBI flow to run clear, amounts and color of urine output Which of the following signs is most indicative of prostate cancer in a 75 year old male? a. PSA of 12 ng/ml b. hard, nodular lump on physical palpation through rectal exam
END OF PAGE c. blood in the urine d. all of the above may be signs of prostate cancer - ANSWERS-d. all of the above may be signs of prostate cancer Side effects of Viagra reported by an older person that would require immediate attention include: a. headache b. nasal congestion c. visual problems d. flushing - ANSWERS-c. visual problems A patient newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease wishes some information. Which of the following would not be accurate for the nurse to teach the patient? a. the cardinal signs include bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity b. the disease is chronic and progressive c. there is no known cure d. a surgery called pallidotomy can cure severe tremors in 80% of cases
- ANSWERS-d. a surgery called pallidotomy can cure severe tremors in 80% of cases
END OF PAGE c) one must have a BSN d) a and b only - ANSWERS-d) a and b only** When the nurse reads an article and uses the findings of a study to improve the quality of the patients for whom she cares, she is implementing the role of: a) teacher b) manager c) research consumer d) advocate - ANSWERS-c) research consumer** A lawyer wishes to hire a nurse consultant who has advanced education and certification in gerontology. Based on their listed credentials, which of the following nurses best fits his wishes? a) Sally Smith, RN, BSN, BC b) Mary Malloy, RN, MS, GNP c) Andy Jones, LPN, CRRC d) Greg Reed, RN, MSN - ANSWERS-b) Mary Malloy, RN, MS, GNP**
END OF PAGE The AACN/John A. Hartford Foundation Competencies are helpful to nurses because they: a) offer suggestions about how to gain employment in geriatrics b) provide a guideline for the knowledge that is expected to provide quality care to older adults c) were designed to prepare nurses to pass the State Board Exam d) were written for nurses working on a graduate degree in gerontology - ANSWERS-b) provide a guideline for the knowledge that is expected to provide quality care to older adults** The nurse has a question about the appropriateness of an older patient's medication dose. Which of the following professionals would be best qualified to answer such a question? a) the geropsychologist b) the geropharmacist c) the financial gerontologist d) the gerontological rehabilitation nurse - ANSWERS-b) the geropharmacist** The health care professional who wants to gain experience in working with older adults who are post-acutely recovering from serious illness or injury, have challenging medical issues needing 24 hour per day nursing,
END OF PAGE c) the average resident is in his 60's d) they have assumed about 15% of the previous nursing home population - ANSWERS-c) the average resident is in his 60's ** A person aged 84 would be classified, according to current systems, as: a) young b) middle c) old d) very old - ANSWERS-b) middle ** The clinical nurse specialist (CNS) in gerontology differs from the GNP in that: a) the GNP usually works in a collaborative practice with a physician b) the CNS has less education than the GNP c) the GNP has a doctorate d) the CNS does less consulting than the GNP - ANSWERS-a) the GNP usually works in a collaborative practice with a physician ** What is the most compelling reason for health professionals to be educated in the area of gerontology?
END OF PAGE a) to address the comprehensive nursing shortage b) to make an increase in salary c) to prepare to be challenged by the educated baby boomers d) to prepare to care for the growing number of older persons in the population - ANSWERS-d) to prepare to care for the growing number of older persons in the population ** An intergenerational approach to care for the aging is advisable because of what fact? a) baby boomers want their children to take of them in old age b) Gen X and Gen Y persons do not know anything about aging c) most older persons are cared for by their children d) nearly a half million grandparents are raising their grandchildren - ANSWERS-d) nearly a half million grandparents are raising their grandchildren ** What best explains the lack of prepared, qualified health professionals to care for the aged? a) a shortage of nursing faculty b) medical programs not including gerontology content c) not enough health professionals choosing gero as a specialty
END OF PAGE Minority elderly groups are growing and thus present unique challenges for nurses today - ANSWERS-true T/F The majority of older persons live alone - ANSWERS-false T/F Older women who live alone tend to be more from lower income groups than those who are married - ANSWERS-true T/F Elderly Hispanics rate their overall health significantly higher than those from other ethnic groups - ANSWERS-false T/F Older persons tend to die from acute illnesses more than chronic diseases - ANSWERS-false T/F
END OF PAGE The major causes of death in the older age group are heart disease, AIDS, and tuberculosis - ANSWERS-false (heart disease, strokes, and cancer) Have a higher rate of diabetes, hypertension, and chronic renal disease than other ethnic groups. - ANSWERS-African Americans Most rapidly growing ethnic minority, and less likely to obtain preventive services such as flu vaccines and mammograms. - ANSWERS-Hispanics Is comprised of many subgroups and generally have a longer life expectancy than white Americans. - ANSWERS-Asians and Pacific Islanders Make up a small percentage of America's elderly population and have increased morbidity and mortality related to diabetes and renal disease. - ANSWERS-American Indians and Alaskan natives List the three leading causes of death in the elderly: - ANSWERS-heart disease, stroke, cancer
END OF PAGE A scientist who believes that people have a genetic programming that determines or predicts longevity is a supporter of which theory? a) age stratification b) cross-link c) free radical d) gene/biological - ANSWERS-d) gene/biological ** When a Native American Indian elder goes out into the woods to die and the tribe does not search for him, but allows him to withdraw, this could be an example of: a) activity theory b) disengagement theory c) subculture d) person-environment fit - ANSWERS-b) disengagement theory ** A 99 year old widow who has lived alone in her own home for 40 years experiences a fall and is sent by her children and grandchildren to a nursing home. The woman refuses to eat and exhibits signs and symptoms of depression and withdrawal. Which theory does this most describe?
END OF PAGE a) functional consequences b) theory of thriving c) neuroedncorine d) immunological - ANSWERS-b) theory of thriving ** The physician tells his 81-year-old male patient that his health has deteriorated due to the exogenous sources of free radicals to which he has exposed himself for many years. To what is the physician most likely referring? a) the ozone layer b) the patient's cigarette smoking c) the patient's alcohol consumption d) radiation from the patient's microwave - ANSWERS-b) the patient's cigarette smoking ** continuity theory - ANSWERS-personality and coping patterns remain consistent through life stochastic theories - ANSWERS-based on random events that cause cellular damage
