Download GIA DIAMONDS AND DIAMOND GRADING PROCTORED and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
GIA DIAMONDS AND DIAMOND GRADING
PROCTORED TEST BANK 2024- 2025 REAL EXAM
200+QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|AGRADE
Beneficiation - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A commitment to reserve a portion of the resources derived from any country for the economic development of that country. Blemish - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Clarity characteristic that's confined to the surface of a polished gemstone. Characteristic or irregularity confined to the surface of a polished gemstone. Blockchain - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A shared, unalterable ledger used to record transactions and track assets through a supply chain or business network. Blocking - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Placing the first 17 or 18 facets on a diamond, including the crown and pavilion main facets, table, and sometimes a culet. Bort - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A form of industrial-grade diamond that usually occurs as very included single crystals in a range of yellows, grays, and browns. Bow-tie - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A dark area across the center of an elongated brilliant cut. Brightfield illumination - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Lighting a diamondfrom below to create a bright background.
Brightness - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The effect of all the diamond's internal and external reflections of white light. Brilliant cut - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Cutting style with triangular or kite-shaped facets that radiate from the center toward the girdle. Brillianteering - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Placement and polishing of the star and upper and lower girdle facets. Bruting - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Forming the basic face-up outline of a round or rounded shape diamond to prepare it for faceting. Bulk sampling - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Large-scale character sampling. Carbonado - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An aggregate of many randomly oriented interlocking tiny diamond crystals that is the toughest form of diamond. Carbonate - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A class of chemical compounds that contain carbon and oxygen. Catalyst - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction. Cave mining - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An underground mining technique in which orebody is drilled beneath the surface, loosened, and collected as it falls. Central Selling Organisation (CSO) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An agency designed to purchase, sort, evaluate, and sell rough diamonds.
Consignment - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A selection of goods loaned to a dealer by another wholesaler or a gem cutter. Core - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Earth's innermost layer. Cost-plus model - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Model in which final sale price is based on the cost to produce the product plus a small markup. Covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A chemical bond formed by two atoms sharing electrons. Craftsmanship - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The care that goes into the fashioning of a polished diamond, as confirmed by its finish. Cratons - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Ancient, large, and stable parts of the earth's continental crust. Critical angle - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Angle between the normal and the maximum angle of refraction, which is the largest angle at which rays inside the diamond can escape. Crossed polarizers - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Two polarizers with their light-transmitting directions aligned perpendicularly so light cannot transmit through them. Crown angle - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The angle formed by the bezel facets and the girdle plane. Crown height percentage - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The distance from the girdle plane to the table, expressed as a percentage of average girdle diameter.
Crust - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The surface and outermost layer of the earth. Crustal diamond - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Rare diamond that forms in the continental crust or near the earth's surface due to meteorite impact or tectonic plate collision. Crystal planes - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Any set of parallel and evenly spaced planes distributed along certain crystal directions in which atoms are most likely packed. Crystal shape (form) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Geometric shape of a well-formed crystal. Crystal structure (lattice) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Regular, repeating arrangement of atoms in a mineral. Crystal systems - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Categories of crystals based on their symmetry and internal structure. Cuboctahedron - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A crystal with both octahedral and cubic faces. Culet size - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The size of the facet at the bottom of the diamond where the pavilion mains meet. Cutting style - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The arrangement of a gem's facets. Darkfield illumination - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Lighting of a diamond or gemstone from the side against a black, non-reflective background. Defect - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An imperfection or deviation from the ideal crystal lattice.
Digging out - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A weight-retention method where the cutter leaves more girdle thickness to allow for later removal of clarity characteristics around the girdle. Dispersion - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The separation of white light into spectral colors. An optical property that's the difference between the RI values of specific violet and red wavelengths of visible light for a given material. Dop - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A holder that secures a diamond during sawing, bruting, or polishing. Doublet - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Two separate pieces of material fused or cemented together to form a single assembled stone. Doubly refractive (anisotropic) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Possessing different physical or optical properties in different crystal directions. Downstream - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The retail portion of the diamond value chain. Drift - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A horizontal tunnel drilled through a diamond pipe. Dry diggings - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A prospector's term for diamond deposits away from water. Electrical conductivity - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A measure of how well an electrical current passes through a material. Electromagnetic spectrum - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The range of wavelengths of radiant energy extending from high energy to low energy, including visible light.
Environmental management system - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A set of policies and processes that enable an organization to reduce environmental impacts and increase operating efficiency. Eruption - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A geological process that delivers material (sometimes diamonds) to the surface. Exposure - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The amount of time light has to enter a camera. Eye-visible - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Visible to the unaided eye, without magnification. Fancy cut - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Any gemstone shape other than a standard round brilliant. Feather - CORRECT ANSWER >>> General trade term for a break in a diamond. Finish - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The quality of the polish and precision of the cut of a fashioned gemstone. Flash effect - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A flash of changing color seen in a fracture-filled diamond when you look parallel to the filled inclusion and rock the diamond back and forth under magnification. Fluorescence - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Emission of visible light by a material when it's exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Foilback - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Gemstone or simulant with a thin metallic foil or mirroring film applied to its pavilion.
Graining (grain lines) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Visible, shadow-like lines in a diamond caused by irregularities in the crystal structure. Graphitization - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Graphite formation around a diamond's mineral inclusions and feathers that results from the extreme conditions of HPHT processing. Grease belt - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An apparatus that uses diamonds' affinity for grease to separate them from other minerals. Growth marks - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Visible features on the surface of a minderal crystal that reflect its internal growth and development. Growth sector - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A three-dimensional region with a common crystallographic growth plate. Habit - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Characteristic crystal shape of a specific mineral. The characteristic external crystal shape or form of a mineral. Heft - CORRECT ANSWER >>> How heavy an object feels in relation to its size. Hue - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Your first impression of a color; the basic color of an object. The first impression of an object's basic color. Igneous Rock - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Rock formed by the crystallization of molten material. A category of rocks formed from a molten state. Improvable - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Diamonds that can be repolished to improve their clarity to a VVS1 or VVS2 grade.
Inclusion - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Clarity characteristic totally enclosed in a polished gemstone or extending into it from the surface. Indicator minerals - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Minerals formed together with diamonds at great depths and brought to the surface by the same kimberlites or lamproites. Industrial diamonds - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Diamonds designated for industrial use. Interference colors - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The iridescent colors that result from the interaction of light rays traveling along the same path. Internal laser drilling (ILD) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Laser drilling within a diamond that doesn't reach the surface. Interstitial positions - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Spaces in the regular framework of atoms that are usually uninhabited Irradiation - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A treatment that changes the color of a gem by exposing it to radioactive materials. Exposure of a material to radiation; causes color change in diamonds. Kerf - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A notch scratched into diamond rough to prepare it for cleaving. Lab-grown diamond - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Manufactured (synthetic) diamond with essentially the same physical, chemical, and optical properties as natural diamond. Laser drilling - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Treatment that involves using a concentrated beam of laser light to reach a diamond's dark inclusions and to disguise or eliminate them. Using a concentrated beam of laser light to reach a diamond's dark inclusions and disguise or eliminate them.
Major - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Large-scale industry leader specializing in diamond mining. Mantle - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Layer between the earth's crust and its core. The organ that lines the mollusk's shell, encloses its soft body, and contains the cells that form pearl sacs and secrete nacre. Mantle keels - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A large, downward-protruding portion of the lithosphere under a craton. Marine deposit - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Secondary diamond deposit carried by rivers or streams to the ocean floor or shoreline. Master-eye effect - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The optical illusion that causes the ungraded diamond to appear either lighter or darker than the masterstone, depending on which side it's on. Masterstones - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A set of color comparison diamonds that defines GIA's diamond color grades in the normal (D-to-Z) range. Matching tray - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A grooved, neutrally colored, non-reflective tray, used to match sets of stones. Memo - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Buying agreement where a dealer entrusts merchandise to a client for inspection and approval without requiring immediate payment. Metamorphic rock - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A category of rocks that have been altered by heat and pressure.
Metastable - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A process in which chemical changes in minerals and rocks result from the introduction of material from external sources, often fluids or melts. Microdiamond testing - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Screening for the presence of tiny diamonds in a sample. Mineral - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A natural, inorganic substance with a characteristic chemical composition and usually characteristic structure. Mixed cut - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Cut that combines brilliant-cut and step-cut styles. Multi-tester - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An instrument that measures both thermal and electrical conductivity to test diamonds and simulants. Networking - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Exchanging information and developing contacts among people with a common professional or special interest. Normal - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An imaginary line perpendicular to the point where a ray of light strikes the surface. Octahedron - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A form with eight equal triangular sides. Old European cut - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An early brilliant cut with a circular girdle. Old-mine cut - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An early cushion-shaped brilliant with a high crown, deep pavilion, and 58 facets including a large culet.
Pavilion bulge - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Larger-than-usual pavilion angles on the middle tier of facets, designed to add weight to a step-cut stone. Outward curve of the pavilion facets of a step-cut diamond. Pavilion depth percentage - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The distance from the bottom of the girdle plane to the culet, expressed as a percentage of the average girdle diameter. Per-carat price - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The price of a gem divided by its weight. Phosphorescence - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Continued emission of visible light after UV or X- ray stimulation stops. Photoluminescence mapping - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A spectroscopy technique that collects PL data across the entire surface of a diamond, showing subtle distinctions in defect concentrations. Pick price - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A premium price for selecting stones from a parcel. Pipe - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A deep vertical formation at the earth's surface that results from a kimberlite or lamproite emplacement. Planner - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The person who decides where to mark diamond rough for fashioning into the most profitable polished gem. Plate tectonics - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Study of the formation, structure, and movement of the plates of the earth's crust. Plot - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A color-keyed diagram of a gemstone's significant clarity characteristics. A map of a diamond's inclusions, blemishes, and facet arrangement.
Point defect - CORRECT ANSWER >>> An imperfection or deviation from the ideal arrangement of atoms in relation to a single atom or point in the crystal lattice. Polarizer - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The polariscope's lower polarizing filter, which remains stationary. Polish - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The overall condition of the facet surfaces of a finished diamond. Polishing - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Placing and finishing facets on a rough diamond. Also called faceting. Final stage in gem cutting that produces the smoothest possible surface. Potentials - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Diamonds that can be repolished to improve their clarity to an Internally Flawless grade. Price-skimming model - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Model in which manufacturers charge the highest initial price that customers will pay and lower it over time as new competitors enter the market Primary deposit - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Gems found in the rock that carried them to the surface. Recovery - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Any method used to separate diamonds from ore or alluvial sediments. Recutting - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Repairing damage or refashioning a polished diamond to improve its clarity, proportions, or color, or to modernize an old-style cut.
Sawing - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Dividing gem rough into easily handled pieces and removing waste areas. Scoop - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A small shovel made of thin metal, used for picking up gems. Secondary deposit - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Gems found away from their primary source. Secondary market - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The gem and jewelry resale market. Selective absorption - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Process by which a material absorbs some components of visible light and returns others. When an object absorbs some components of visible light and transmits others. Shaft - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A vertical tunnel drilled in stable rock near the pipe to provide access for personnel, equipment, supplies, and ventilation. Shape - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The face-up outline of a gem. Shape appeal - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A diamond's overall attractiveness in relation to others of the same shape and cutting style. Sieve set - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Set of circular plates, each punched with precisely sized holes, used to sort small, round gems by size. Sight - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Trading event where selected clients buy rough diamonds. Sightholder - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A diamond manufacturer or dealer invited by De Beers to buy rough diamonds.
Single cut - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A round stone with 17 or 18 facets. A simple diamond cut, with a table, eight crown facets, eight pavilion facets, and sometimes a culet. Single-channel marketing - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A direct, centrally controlled marketing route for rough diamonds. Singly refractive (isotropic) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Possessing the same physical or optical properties in all crystal directions. Sizing - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A process used to reduce diamond-bearing ore to smaller, more manageable sizes. Specific gravity (SG) - CORRECT ANSWER >>> Ratio of the weight of a material to the weight of an equal volume of water. Spectrometer - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A highly sensitive instrument that analyzes a gem's radiation absorption. Spectroscopy - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The study of the interaction between matter and light. Star length percentage - CORRECT ANSWER >>> The length of the star facets expressed as a percentage of the total distance between the girdle and the edge of the table facet. Step cut - CORRECT ANSWER >>> A cutting style that features long, narrow facets in rows parallel to the girdle on both the crown and pavilion. Cutting style with mainly square and rectangular facets arranged in concentric rows.
