Download GNRS 610 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 2 Hematology Azusa Pacific University Exam| Lates and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
GNRS 610 Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 2 Hematology Azusa Pacific
University Exam| Latest Version
2026/2027| Questions and Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) | Graded
A+
Aplastic anemia is a serious anemia affecting pluripotential bone marrow stem cells and causing all three hematopoietic cell lines to be reduced. What is the treatment for aplastic anemia in the young and severely affected client? a. There is no treatment for aplastic anemia b. Bone marrow transplant c. Spleen transplant d. Liver transplant b. Bone marrow transplant Anemia of chronic inflammation is a mild to moderate anemia associated with chronic infections, chronic noninfectious inflammatory diseases, and malignancies. Chronic diseases which are common causes of this anemia include all of the following except: a. Rheumatoid arthritis b. AIDS c. Polycythemia vera d. Systemic lupus erythematosus c. Polycythemia vera These conditions include AIDS, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, malaria, acute and chronic hepatitis, and chronic renal failure. This form of anemia also is commonly noted in the presence of congestive heart failure.
Manifestations of chronic sickle cell disease in children include: a. Atelectasis and pneumonia b. Edema of the hands and feet c. Stasis ulcers of the hands, ankles, and feet d. Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly c. Stasis ulcers of the hands, ankles, and feet The manifestations of chronic sickle cell disease in children include stasis ulcers of the hands, ankles, and feet With time spleen may autoinfarct Sickle cell disease (SCD) is inherited in an _____ fashion. a. Autosomal dominant b. Autosomal recessive c. X-linked dominant d. X-linked recessive b. Autosomal recessive SCD is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder that is expressed as sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell-thalassemia disease, and sickle cell-Hb C disease also occur. Hemoglobin S (Hb S) is formed as a result of a(n): a. Deficiency in G6PD that changes Hb A to Hb S b. Genetic mutation in which two amino acids (histidine and leucine) are missing c. Genetic mutation in which one amino acid (valine) replaces another (glutamic acid) d. Autoimmune response in which one amino acid (proline) is detected as an antigen by abnormal IgG c. Genetic mutation in which a hydrophobic amino acid (valine) replaces a hydrophilic amino acid (glutamic acid) Hb S is formed by a genetic mutation in which one amino acid (valine) replaces another (glutamic acid) of the beta chain
c. X-linked recessive d. X-linked dominant a. Autosomal recessive The alpha- and beta-thalassemias are inherited autosomal recessive disorders. A characteristic specific to Hemoglobin H (Hb H) disease subtype of alpha-thalassemia is: a. A heterozygous form of thalassemia b. A defect causing the uncoupling of a- and b-chain synthesis c. A usually fatal condition in which all four alpha-forming genes are defective d. The development of Hb H (tetrameric b) when three genes are defective d. The development of Hb H (tetrameric b) when three genes are defective The alpha- and beta-thalassemias are inherited autosomal recessive disorders that cause an impaired rate of synthesis of one of the two chains—a or b—of Hb A. Alpha thalassemia: 1 allele affected: silent 2 alleles affected: trait 3 alleles affected: Hb H disease (Bart's - tetrameric g or Hemoglobin H - tetrameric b) 4 alleles affected: most infants with alpha-thalassemia major are stillborn with hydrops fetalis A characteristic specific to alpha-thalassemia major is: a. A heterozygous form of thalassemia b. A defect causing the uncoupling of a- and b-chain synthesis c. A usually fatal condition when all four a-chain forming genes are defective d. The development of Hb H when three genes are defective c. A usually fatal condition when all four a-chain forming genes are defective The alpha- and beta-thalassemias are inherited autosomal recessive disorders that cause an impaired rate of synthesis of one of the two chains—a or b—of Hb A. Alpha thalassemia: 1 allele affected: silent 2 alleles affected: trait 3 alleles affected: Hb H disease (Bart's - tetrameric g or Hemoglobin H - tetrameric b) 4 alleles affected: most infants with alpha-thalassemia major are stillborn with hydrops fetalis
Thalassemia results in a _____________ anemia: a. Microcytic hypochromic b. Microcytic normochromic c. Macrocytic hyperchromic d. Macrocytic normochromic a. Microcytic hypochromic The anemic manifestation of thalassemia is a microcytic-hypochromic hemolytic anemia. Two important characteristics that allow erythrocytes to function as gas carriers are: a. Biconcavity and permanent shape b. Permanent shape and reversible deformability c. Reversible deformability and biconcavity d. Biconcavity and the presence of hyperactive mitochondria c. Reversible deformability and biconcavity RBCs have two unique properties: (1) a biconcave shape and (2) the capacity to be reversibly deformed What is the life span of an erythrocyte? a. 10 to 15 days b. 60 to 90 days c. 100 to 120 days d. 200 to 240 days c. 100 to 120 days The major physiologic manifestation of anemia is: a. Hypotension b. Hyperesthesia c. Hypoxia d. Ischemia c. Hypoxia The fundamental physiologic manifestation of anemia is a reduced oxygen carrying capacity of the blood resulting in tissue hypoxia.
c. Hemoglobin d. Serum vitamin B a. Reticulocyte count The effectiveness of cobalamin replacement therapy is determined by a rising reticulocyte count. The first objective landmark is the peak reticulocyte count 1 week after starting treatment. Its briskness should be proportional to the severity of the anemia. If reticulocytosis appears blunted, an incorrect diagnosis may be responsible. An anemic man has cheilosis, stomatitis, and painful ulcerations of the buccal mucosa and mouth. He complains of dysphagia and watery diarrhea. These clinical manifestations are indicative of: a. Pernicious anemia b. Folate deficiency anemia c. Anemia of chronic inflammation d. Iron deficiency anemia b. Folate deficiency anemia Specific symptoms of folate deficiency anemia include severe cheilosis (scales and fissures of the lips and corners of the mouth), stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth), and painful ulcerations of the buccal mucosa and tongue. Gastrointestinal symptoms may be present and include dysphagia, flatulence, and watery diarrhea. A man has fatigue, weakness, and dyspnea. His conjunctiva and palms are pale. His nails appear brittle, thin, and concave, and he has sores at the corners of his mouth. Considering this information, the nurse suspects that this patient probably has _____ anemia. a. Pernicious b. Iron deficiency c. Aplastic d. Hemolytic b. Iron deficiency Early symptoms of IDA include fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Pale earlobes, palms, and conjunctivae are also common signs. Progressive IDA causes more severe alterations, with structural and functional changes apparent in epithelial tissue. The nails become brittle, thin, coarsely ridged, and spoon-shaped or concave (koilonychia) as a result of impaired capillary circulation. The tongue becomes red, sore, and painful. During chronic blood loss, iron-deficiency anemia occurs. What type of anemia is IDA? a. Macrocytic hyperchromic b. Macrocytic hypochromic
c. Microcytic hypochromic d. Microcytic hyperchromic c. Microcytic hypochromic Clinical manifestations of mild to moderate splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, bronze-colored skin, and cardiac dysrhythmias are indicative of which anemia? a. Iron deficiency anemia b. Pernicious anemia c. Sideroblastic anemia d. Aplastic anemia c. Sideroblastic anemia Mild to moderate enlargement of the spleen (splenomegaly) and liver (hepatomegaly) occurs. Occasionally abnormal skin pigmentation (bronze colored) is seen. Heart rhythm disturbances, along with congestive heart failure, are major life-threatening complications related to cardiac iron overload. A person with sideroblastic anemia would be likely to have _____ plasma levels of iron. a. High b. Low c. Normal d. Absent a. High Thalassemia results in a _____________ anemia: a. Microcytic hypochromic b. Microcytic normochromic c. Macrocytic hyperchromic d. Macrocytic normochromic a. Microcytic hypochromic The anemic manifestation of thalassemia is a microcytic-hypochromic hemolytic anemia.
