Group Work-Final Exam, Study notes of Social Work

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The Settlement Houses: The Hull House in the US

Established by Jane Addams in

the late 1800’s was located in

an impoverished

neighborhood

Group activities initiated:

social relationships, sports,

music, painting, discussion of

current affairs;

The Settlement Houses: The Hull House in the US

As a result…

Other settlement houses were

established—with the belief

that changing neighborhoods

would improve communities

and develop better societies

Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA)

 Thomas Sullivan (1851)

established the first YMCA in

the US

It was the first organization

to aid troops during wartime

in the field and in prison

camps

The Settlement Houses: The Toynbee Hall in England

The first settlement house

established in 1884—founded by

Samuel Burnett—as extension

program the Oxford and

Cambridge University

The first workers were daughters

of ministers from middle and

upper classes

The Settlement Houses: The Toynbee Hall in England Settlement workers would live in a poor neighborhood so they could experience the harsh realities of poverty; They used the missionary approach in teaching the residents how to live moral lives, and improve their circumstances, helped improve housing, health and living conditions— The technique settlement houses used to effect change are now called social group work, social action, and community organization (^8)

Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) Similar prayer meetings were replicated in other work places Activities: were mainly religious services such as bible reading, discussions of spiritual topics and later expanded its activities which included programs that meet community needs where YMCA were located Other countries were persuaded to form YMCA

Groupwork in the West Roots traced in: settlement houses Youth service agencies YWCA and the YMCA Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts Jewish centers in the 1800’s

Groupwork in the West Recipients of group work services learned to: cooperate and get along with each others socially; enriched themselves through new knowledge, skills and interests

Current practice Trends in the West: drawn from its Historical roots Emergence of Social groupwork Models

1. Social goals model
2. Remedial model
3. Reciprocal model also referred to as interactional model 7/16/2025 14

Focus: socializing members to ‘liberal’ or ‘egalitarian’ societal values Values of cultural diversity and power of group action autonomy of group members and their freedom to pursue their own self-defined goals Social Goals Model

Importance of program activities

Use of empowerment

strategies

Belief that groups could

promote growth through

group self-direction toward

common goals

Social Goals Model

Focus: restoring or rehabilitating individuals by helping them change their behavior Worker: As change agent, intervenes in the group to achieve specific purposes determined by group members, the worker, and society Actively intervening in the group’s 6/3/2007 processes^19 Remedial Model

Leader-centered approach Use of step-by-step problem solving and task centered and behavioral methods Time-limited, goal-directed practice, highly structured Clientele: in-patients, community-based settings with individuals who have severe behavioral problems and social skills deficits, etc. 20 Remedial Model