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HCA 201B MC Questions with well explained answers
Typology: Exams
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Respiratory arrest
breathing stops
Respiratory depression
breathing slows due to narcotics
Lung scans use
radio isotopes
What is a pulmonary function test
measures amount of air moving into and out of the lungs
The process of respiration
The respiratory system brings oxygen into the lungs and removes carbon dioxide
Average heart rate of an adult is
60 to 100 beats per minute
Respiration involves
inhalation (inspiration) and exhalation (expiration).
Breathing up right and forward is the
orthopneic position
Tachypnea is
rapid breathing Respirations are more than 24 per minute
Bradypnea is slow breathing
Respirations are fewer than 12 per minute
Apnea is lack of or absence of breathing
Sleep apnea and periodic apnea of newborns are other types of apnea
Kussmaul respirations
Deep and rapid respirations characteristic of diabetic acidosis
Nasal cannula
you can eat while wearing it
Partial rebreather mask
block the intake of the atmospheric air only partially. Use of such masks result in patient breathing about 40% to 60% concentration of oxygen.
Nonrebreather mask
it is designed to prevent mixing of atmospheric air or the air exhaled by the patient with the oxygen. This type of mask allows up to 90% concentration of oxygen to be delivered
Venturi mask
This type of mask increases the supply of total oxygen for breathing, but the concentration of oxygen supplied is only about 24% to 28%
Thrombus
Is a blood clot
The entire system from mouth to anus is how long
30 feet (9 meters) long
Accessory organs are
the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas.
Each nephron
is the basic working unit of the kidney.
The healthy adult produces how much unrine a day
1500 mL
What should the support worker do when caring for clients with chest tubes
keep connecting tube coiled on bed, turn and reposition the client, observe chest drainage.
when caring for clients with chest tubes what should the support worker never do
raise the drainage system above chest level
what is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
smoking
What is the correct term for respirations that are greater than 24 per minute
what position is when the client is sitting up in bed and leaning over a table in order to breathe easier
orthopneic position
what is another term for bloody sputum
hemoptysis
the amount of hemoglobin that contains oxygen is referred to as
oxygen concentration
miss pyer is breathing very slow and cannot get enough Air into her lungs what is this called
respiratory depression
Recca a support worker is providing care to his resident who has a history of asthma and is having an asthma attack what should he do
Call for help
when a client is sensitive to a substance his or her body reacts with signs and symptoms what are these called
an allergy
carbon dioxide released from a car is considered to be what
a pollutant
part of a lung has a collapsed what is the condition called
Atecectasis
What is the correct term for reduced amount of oxygen in the blood
hypoxemia
a radioisotope is administered for what reason
lung scan
what is mucus from the respiratory tract that is expectorated through the mouth called
sputum
a client has a red heart and hot area along the course of a vein the support worker knows This condition is
phlebitis
Narcotics affect oxygen needs because they do what
depress the respiratory center in the brain
the client can only breathe deeply and comfortably when sitting what is this called
orthopnea
what is the muscular part of the heart
The myocardium
each lung is covered by a two layer sack what is the correct term for this sack
pleura
what does the term hypoxia mean
cells don't have enough oxygen
what is the correct term for respirations fewer than 12 per minute
bradnypnea
The nurse has administered a supository to a client when should the support worker expect the client to have bowel movement
in 30 minutes
what is the definition of fecal impaction
prolonged retention and accumulation of feces in the rectum
glasses of water does a person need daily to promote normal fecal elimination
6 - 8 glasses
why does privacy affect elimination
bowel movements and sounds are embarrassing
what did the term flatulence mean
the excessive formation of gas or air in the stomach and intestines
what is a sign of fecal impaction
liquid feces seeping from the anus
a colostomy is a surgically created opening between what
the colon and the abdominal wall
why is diarrhea a serious condition for infants and children
infants and children have large amounts of water in their bodies and are at risk for dehydration
what is a disease in which stomach contents flow back from the stomach into the esophagus
gastroesophageal reflux disease
what does the term defecation mean
the process of excreting feces from rectum through the anus
the client complaints of Constipation the support worker would expect the client's stools to be what
hard and dry
what is the usual position for defecation
sitting or squatting
what kind of foods are needed for normal fecal elimination
fruits and vegetables
what is the first step when emptying an ostomy pouch
the drain at the bottom is opened
what is fecal incontinence
inability to control the passage of feces and gas through anus
what is an enema
the introduction of a fluid into the rectum and lower colon
What is the term that describes movement of feces through intestines
peristalsis
what fluids increases peristalsis
warm fluids
where is chime produced
stomach
Constipation is
•The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs for oxygen.
•The left ventricle pumps blood to all parts of the body.
The heart is hollow and has three layers:
Pericardium (outer layer)
Myocardium (the thick, muscular part of the heart)
Endocardium (lines the inner surface of the heart)
Factors affecting fecal elimination
Normal, regular elimination is the goal.
Diet—high-fibre foods
Diet—other foods
Disability
Aging
Frequency of urination is affected by:
The amount of fluid intake
Personal habits
Available toilet facilities
Activity, work, and illness
Notify the nurse if any of the following are present
Red or "peach" coloured
Foul odour
Particles
Cloudy urine
Sediment
Mucous threads
Blood clots
when when a client with a catheter is in bed where should the support worker attach the catheter
bed frame
John needs to urinate what should the support worker provide
a urinal
how is the human immunodeficiency virus spread
exchange of blood semen vaginal secretions or breast milk
the urinary system removes what
waste products from the blood
why does a filled urinal present safety hazards
it's easily spilled
HIV can cause what
aids
miss fowler's experiencing increased heart rate and high blood pressure what hormones could cause this
epinephrine and norepinephrine
the resident experiences a loss of urine with exercise and certain movement the support worker knows this is called
stress incontinence
Maggie has low levels of thyroid hormone she can expect to have the following changes in her body
slowed body process slowed movements and weight gain
hematuria is what
blood in the urine,
influenza is caused by what
a virus
a persistent autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the body is called
lupus
nocturia means
frequency to urinate at night
unless directed otherwise urinary drainage bags are emptied
at the end of every shift
what is the term for leakage of urine from a bladder that is always full
overflow incontinence
What does dyseria mean
painful or difficult urination
how often is catheter care provided to a client with a catheter
