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Helping Relationships NCE
Indivisible Self - correct answer Wellness model based on Adler's theory, has 17 wellness dimensions Therapeutic Alliance - correct answer Most important predictor of therapy success Resistance - correct answer Way to control anxiety (Freud), noncompliance with homework, negative social influence - these are all causes of what in therapy? Big Five - correct answer Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism OCEAN Transference - correct answer Client applies feelings about someone else to the therapist Ego Psychology - correct answer Help resolve conflict to lead to more independent ego; neo-Freudian; ego more important than id; Erikson Interpersonal Psychoanalysis - correct answer Henry Stack Sullivan - focus on current interactions and relationships; neo-Freudian; less emphasis on past Object Relations Theory - correct answer Personality is developed through early parent-child interaction - may encounter splitting, seeing people in all or nothing terms - modern psychodynamic theory Inferiority Complex - correct answer Term coined by Adler, feeling that you're not as good as others
Birth Order - correct answer Adler - believed personality influenced by number and order of siblings Fictions - correct answer Adler - people's beliefs about themselves and others that are false Individuation - correct answer Goal of Jungian psychology, discovering your inner self Archetypes - correct answer Templates for human thought and behavior - ex. persona, shadow, animus/anima Amplification - correct answer Jungian technique of comparing dreams to myth or fairy tale Active Imagination - correct answer Jungian techniques of having clients talk to characters in their dreams Explication - correct answer Jungian technique of helping clients find out why certain things were in their dreams Adlerian - correct answer What kind of techniques are these: Encouragement Acting 'as if' "How would your life be different if you were well?" Spitting in the client's soup Catching oneself Pushbutton Response Cost - correct answer Behavioral technique - reduce - behavior by removing + reinforcement, used in token economies
Phenomenology - correct answer Focus on clients' perception of event rather than event itself Existential Therapy - correct answer Victor Frankl and Rollo May - explore questions of life's meaning - people have free will, so encourage responsibility Logotherapy - correct answer Victor Frankl - focus on search for meaning to avoid existential vacuum Paradoxical Intention - correct answer Prescribe the symptom - ex. client says she can't stop crying, tell her to cry all day Gestalt Therapy - correct answer Fritz Perls - therapy that focuses on the whole person including mind and body Homeostasis - correct answer Gestalt term - people seek to maintain a state of balance- when can't do so, leads to neurosis Unfinished Business - correct answer Gestalt - the past that remains in the present Gestalt - correct answer What kind of techniques are these: here and now, psychodrama, empty chair Narrative Therapy - correct answer White and Epston - help clients rewrite their self-narratives, make them thick instead of thin, externalize problems, seek unique outcomes, use outside witnesses for perspective, have definitional ceremonies, write therapeutic letters to clients Solution-Focused Brief Therapy - correct answer deShazer - client is expert, therapist is collaborator, focus on baby steps, categorize clients as visitors, complainants, and customers
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy - correct answer What kind of techniques are these: Exception question (when was problem not present), miracle question, scaling question (how close are you to solving problem on scale of 1 to 10), positive blame (reinforce attempts to solve problem), skeleton keys (techniques with universal application) Systems Theory - correct answer Look at relationships between family members instead of individual personalities - there is circular causality, not cause and effect; Bertalanffy Bowen Family Systems Therapy - correct answer people are affected by family of origin and need to differentiate self from family, parents can project anxiety onto children, techniques include genograms, back home visits, detriangulation; intergenerational Symbolic-Experiential Family Therapy - correct answer Carl Whitaker - find balance between togetherness and independence, search for hidden symbols; Human Validation Process Model (Conjoint Therapy) - correct answer Virginia Satir - focus on communication styles within families - placaters, blamers, intellectualizers, distracters - try to change these to congruent communicators Strategic Family Therapy - correct answer Milton Erickson - focus on changing behavior - quid pro quo (this for that), redundancy principle (interact with others same as always), symmetrical vs. complementary relationships, ordeal Milan Family Therapy - correct answer Focus on family members' perceptions of each other, long brief therapy (once a month for a year), counselors work in teams, counter paradox (don't change too quickly) Milan - correct answer What kind of techniques are these: Circular questioning ("who fights more, sister or brother"), hypothesizing, neutrality, ritual prescription (paradoxical assignments) Structural Family Therapy - correct answer Minuchin - looks at organization of family including subsystems and boundaries - techniques include structural maps, enactment, restructuring, unbalancing
Displacement - correct answer Freudian defense mechanism - unleash an impulse at a safe target - kick dog when you're mad at boss Introjection - correct answer Freudian defense mechanism - accept someone else's values as your own Neo-Freudians - correct answer Theorists more concerned with social factors than Freud Symptom Substitution - correct answer Psychoanalytic - if you just deal with symptom and not unconscious, another symptom will get substituted Stages of Counseling - correct answer Relationship-building, action/intervention, termination - what are these? Psychoanalysis - correct answer What type of therapy has the purpose of making the unconscious conscious? Self Psychology - correct answer Kohut; neo-Freudian view that problems come from unsatisfied developmental needs; emphasize empathy more than interpretation Adler - correct answer Theorist who came up with Individual Psychology, which defines healthy as having social interest and compassion for others Asking the question - correct answer Adlerian technique where you ask client "How would your life be different if you were well?" Spitting in the client's soup - correct answer Adlerian technique of taking the fun out of a problem behavior by explaining its payoffs and purposes Pushbutton - correct answer Adlerian technique that teaches client to focus on positive thought to create positive emotion
Acting as if - correct answer Adlerian technique that encourages client to act like the person they hope to be someday Complementary - correct answer Type of TA transaction where both people use the same ego state Crossed - correct answer Type of TA transaction where one person's ego state doesn't fit the other person's needs; ex. wife wants an adult interaction but husband is acting like playful kid Ulterior - correct answer Type of TA transaction where people are concealing their true ego state; leads to "games" Bridging - correct answer Multimodal technique where counselor figures out which domain client prefers and starts in that domain Firing Sequence - correct answer Multimodal technique where counselor figures out the chain of events in a stressful situation Mimesis - correct answer Minuchin technique also called joining where counselor imitates the family's style Structural Map - correct answer Minuchin technique where counselor draws family's coalitions, boundaries, alliances Circular Questioning - correct answer Milan technique where one family member comments on other members Counterparadox - correct answer Milan concept that asks family not to change too quickly Punctuation - correct answer Concept in strategic family therapy; mistaken belief of people that what they say is caused by what another person says
Restraining - correct answer Strategic therapy technique where counselor suggests it might be best for family not to change and tells the negative consequences of change Morphostasis - correct answer Ability of a family system to hold its shape Morphogenesis - correct answer Ability of a family system to change Family Legacy - correct answer The intergenerational family therapist Boszormenyi- Nagy coined this term referring to expectations handed down from generation to generation Ordeal - correct answer Strategic therapy technique where counselor requires a healthy behavior before an undesirable one; ex. you must run on a treadmill before you can cry Selective Abstraction - correct answer Type of distorted thinking where you focus only on the negative aspects of a situation (ex. if the photographer hadn't been late the wedding would have been wonderful) Magnification - correct answer Type of distorted thinking where you catastrophize (ex. it's the end of the world if I don't pass NCE exam) Customer - correct answer According to SFBT, what type of client is better ready for therapy than the visitor or complainant? Semi-permeable - correct answer According to Minuchin, what is the best type of family boundary? Sullivan - correct answer Which Neo-Freudian described three modes of experience: protaxic, parataxic, and syntactic? Adler - correct answer Whose personality theory led to the establishment of child guidance centers and inspired Dreikurs and Dinkmeyer to research children and parenting?
Cybernetics - correct answer What concept was named for mathematician Wiener and refers to families having feedback loops they use to self-correct their system? Psychoanalytic - correct answer Family therapists Framo and Skynner used what theoretical orientation? Madanes - correct answer Who else besides Erickson and Haley is associated with strategic family therapy? Incongruous Hierarchy - correct answer What term is associated with strategic family therapy and refers to a change in who's in control in the family? Circumplex - correct answer Which family model advocates having balance in cohesion and adaptability? Differentiation - correct answer What is the goal of Bowen's family systems therapy? Enactment - correct answer Structural family therapy technique where family acts out a typical situation (like an instant replay) Nagy - correct answer Which family therapist introduced the idea of family legacy, a family ledger, and relational ethics? Constructivism - correct answer What kind of theory advocates viewing things from the client's view (reality is not objective) and includes brief therapy and narrative therapy? Skeleton Key - correct answer SFBT technique that refers to something that has worked before and can be used in many situations VRT - correct answer What new computerized simulation technique is being used as a promising treatment for phobias and PTSD?
