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Pediatric HESI Practice questions Part 1
1.The nurse is preparing a child with an intussusception for a prescribed barium enema. What is the main purpose of conducting this procedure prior to surgical intervention? A.Evacuate the bowel of impacted feces. B.Reduce the invaginated bowel segment. C.Locate the presence of diverticula. D.Identify the area of esophageal atresia. 2.The nurse is teaching an adolescent girl with scoliosis about a Milwaukee brace that her health care provider has prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client? A.Remove the brace 1 hour each day for bathing only. B.Remove the brace only for back range-of-motion exercises. C.Wear the brace against the bare skin to ensure a good fit. D.Wearing the brace will cure the spinal curvature. 3.The nurse should teach the parents of a child with a cyanotic heart defect to perform which action when a hypercyanotic spell occurs? A.Place the child's head flat, with the knees on pillows above the level of the heart. B.Have the child lie on the right side, with the head elevated on one pillow. C.Allow the child to assume a knee-chest position, with the head and chest slightly elevated.
D.Encourage the child to sit up at a 45-degree angle, drink cold water, and take deep breaths. 4.During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear reveals a tympanic membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. Based on these findings, what action should the nurse take? A.No action is required, because this is an expected finding for a school-aged child. B.Ask if the child has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately. C.Send a note home advising parents to have the child evaluated by a health care provider. D.Call the parents and have them take the child home from school for the rest of the day. 5.A newborn female whose mother is HIV-positive is scheduled for the first follow- up assessment with the nurse. If the child is HIV-positive, which initial symptom is she most likely to exhibit? A.Shortness of breath B.Joint pain C.Persistent cold D.Organomegaly 6.A child breaks out with varicella infection (chickenpox) while hospitalized for a minor surgical procedure. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? A.Place a mask on the child before transporting the child outside the room. B.Immunize exposed family members with the varicella vaccine.
D.Initiative 10.The nurse is examining a male child experiencing an exacerbation of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and notes that his mobility is greatly reduced. What is the most likely cause of the child's impaired mobility? A.Pathologic fractures B.Poor alignment of joints C.Dyspnea on exertion D.Joint inflammation 11.The nurse admits a child to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of acquired aplastic anemia. What is the most common cause of this type of anemia? A.Bacterial infections B.A diet deficient in iron C.Heart-lung congenital defects D.Exposure to certain drugs 12.A 7-month-old male infant diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy is seen by the nurse in the clinic. Which statement by the parent warrants immediate intervention by the nurse? A."My son often chokes while I am feeding him." B."Is it normal for my child's legs to cross each other?" C."He gets stiff when I pull him up to a sitting position." D."My 4-year-old son is jealous of his little brother."
13.When caring for a child with congenital heart disease and polycythemia, which nursing intervention has the highest priority? A.Administering oxygen therapy continuously B.Restricting fluids as ordered C.Maintaining adequate hydration D.Maintaining digoxin (Lanoxin) levels 14.An 18-month-old child returns to the unit following a cardiac catheterization with a cannulated femoral artery site. Which intervention should the nurse implement? A.Teach the parents how to ambulate the child in the room safely. B.Show the parents how to hold the child with the extremity extended. C.Restrain the child's lower extremities for a minimum of 4 hours. D.Place the child in a prone position to apply pressure to the site. 15.The nurse assigns an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to provide morning care to a newly admitted child with bacterial meningitis. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to review with the UAP? A.Use designated isolation precautions. B.Keep the lighting in the room dim. C.Allow the parents to assist with care. D.Report any pain that the child experiences.
apical heart rate is assessed at 80 beats/min. What intervention should
the nurse implement?
A.Call for a portable chest radiograph. B.Obtain a therapeutic drug level. C.Reassess the heart rate in 30 minutes. D.Administer digoxin immune Fab (Digibind) stat.
The nurse notes that a 16-year-old male client is refusing visits from his
classmates. Further assessment reveals that he is concerned about his
edematous facial features. Based on these assessment findings, the
nurse should plan interventions related to which nursing diagnosis?
A.Social isolation B.Altered health maintenance C.Knowledge deficit D.Ineffective coping
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for the mother of a child who has
been diagnosed with celiac disease. Choosing which lunch will be within
the therapeutic management of a child with celiac disease?
A.Turkey salad, milk, and oatmeal cookies B.Baked chicken, coleslaw, soda, and frozen fruit dessert C.Tuna salad sandwich on whole wheat bread, milk, and ice cream D.Turkey sandwich on rye bread, orange juice, and fresh fruit
The nurse is preparing a health teaching program for parents of toddlers
and preschoolers and plans to include information about the prevention
of accidental poisonings. It is most important for the nurse to include
which instruction?
A.Tell children that they should not taste anything but food. B.Store all toxic agents and medicines in locked cabinets. C.Provide special play areas in the house and restrict play in other areas. D.Punish children if they open cabinets that contain household chemicals.
The nurse is planning postoperative care for a child who has had a cleft
lip repair. What is the most important reason to minimize this child's
crying during the recovery period?
A.Tear formation increases salivation. B.This behavior increases respirations. C.Excessive hysteria can lead to vomiting. D.Crying stresses the suture line.
Which preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of
care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?
A.Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis. B.Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools. C.Place in a supine position after feeding. D.Observe for projectile vomiting.
The nurse is taking the family history of a 2-year-old child with atopic
