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HESI PEDIATRIC TEST BANK EXIT ACTUAL EXAM|
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWER,Latest 2025/2026 Exams of Pediatrics|Graded
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A newborn has just been delievered via C-Section with a myelomeningocele which was detected pre-natally via amniocentecic. The child is scheduled to have surgery within the first 48 hours. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate? A. Place child in semi-fowlers position to decrease pressure on the spinal cord B. Apply heat lamp to facilitate drying and toughening of the sac C. Apply soft restraints to prevent disruption of the sac D. Assess head circumference and fontenals for signs of ICP. - ANSWERS-D A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is admitted to the hospital with pneuomonia. The nurse should plan which priority intervention when caring for this child? A. Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimim B. Communicate at child;s level and maintain eye contact C. Use therapeutic touch to calm child with procedures D. Switch from one assessment activity to another quickly? - ANSWERS-A
A child is admitted with acute glomerularnephritis. The nurse would expect the UA during this acute phase to show which of the following? A. Bacteruria, hematuria B. Hematuria, proteinuria C. Bacteruria, increase specific gravity D. Proteinuria, decreased specific gravity - ANSWERS-B A child has been admitted to the pedatric unit with suspected meningitis. The CSF aanalysis reveals the following: Apperance: Clear, WBC: within normal limits, Protein: within normal limits, Glucose: within normal limits, Culture: negative. Based on the results, the nurse suspects that the child has: A. Bacertial Meningitis B. Meningococcal meningitis C. Viral meningitis D. Hydrocephalous - ANSWERS-C A two year old has had one bout of nephrosis (nephrotic syndrome) His mother suspected a recurrence when she observed swelling around his eyes. The nurse helps to confirrm the condition by recognizing what additional sympton? A. Blood presssure 140/ B. Marked proteinuria C. Tea colored urine D. A history of positive strep infections - ANSWERS-B
A 10 year old is admitted with possible appendicitis. The doctor's history and physical indicates a WBC count of 17,000, increased segmented neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes, and 6% bands. The patient complains of abdominal pain, localized at Mcberney's point. Which statement most accurately describes the data? A. Lab work revels a left shift and pain localized in the right lower quadrant B. Lab work reveals a right shift and pain localized in the left upper quadrant C. Lab work reveals normal findings with pain localized in the epigastric area. D. Lab work reveals a possible viral infection with pain localized in the left upper quadrant. - ANSWERS-A A nurse is caring for a boy with probable intusseception. He had diarrhea before admission but while waiting for administration of air pressure to reduce the intusseception he produced a normal brown stool. Which nursing action is the most appropriete. A. Notify practitioner B. Measure abdomnial girth C. Auscultate for bowel sounds D. Take vital signs, including blood pressure. - ANSWERS-A The nurse is evaluating a child who is being treated for nephrotic syndrome. Which observation indicated successful treatment of nephrosis? A. Diuresis and weight loss
B. improved appetitie and weight gain C. Increase in urine specific gravity D. Return of temperature and pulse to normal - ANSWERS-A A young child is brought to the emergency room with suspected meningitis. Blood work with cultures, a urine specimen with a culture and sensitivity, and the spinal tap were completed in the ER and he is being admitted to the pedatric unit for continued care. Which of the following is a major priority of nursing care? A. Encourage oral intake of clear liquids. Progress diet as tolerated B. Inititate isolation procedure if warranted after the CSF analysis is completed. C. Inititate isolation procedire immediatly and administer ordered antibiotics D. Administer sedatives/analgesic on a prescribed schedule to manage pain. - ANSWERS-C The nurse is caring for a 4-year old child immobilized by a fractured leg. Which complication should the nurse monitor related to the childs immobilzation status. A. The metabolic rate increases. B. Increased joint mobility leading to contractures C. Hypocalcemia due to release of excess calcium D. Venous stasis leading to thrombi or emboli formation. - ANSWERS-D
B. NPO after midnight C.Mefoxin 1 GM IVPB on call for surgery D. Activity as tolerated, up ad lid - ANSWERS-D A newborn male infant has been found to have unilateral talpies equinovarus ( club foot) deformation. Which would be the most important information to give the parent? A. The baby will probably need to start serial casing as soon as possible. B. The child will need a Pavlik harness to keep the extremeties strechted C. The child will need to undergo electromuography studies to confirm diagnosis. D. The child will need to undergo testing to confirm diagnosis - ANSWERS-A A two year old with cerebral palsy is on continous tube feedings. Which intervention should the nurse expect to see ordered to ensure proper hydration and *********? A. Administer 1 ampule Sodium Bocarb IV push every 4 hours to prevent acidosis B. Administer water trough the PEG tube every 4 hours to prevent hypertonic dehydration C. Adminster water through the PEG tube every 4 hours to prevent hypotonic dehydration D. Adminster sterile saline through the PEG tube every 4 hours to prevent - ANSWERS-C
An abdnomial flat plate xray ordered for a child admitted with suspected intussecception reveals no free air beneath the diaphram. What order should the nurse anticipate next from the physcian? A. Transport child to radiology and prepare him for a barium enema B.Transport child to radiology and prepare him for an upper GI series C. Transport child to radiology for an enema with air or water- soluable contrast D. Transport child to the operating room and prepare him for abdominal surgery - ANSWERS-A A 12 year old has been diagnoses with slipped capital femoral epiphysis. In addition to pain, what other assessment would the nurse expect to find? A. Osteomylytisis of the hip B. Asymmetrical gluteal folds C. External rotation of the hip D.Flexion of the hip - ANSWERS-C The parent of a 5 year old child with Duchenes Muscular Dystrophy is bringing her child to the clinic for a follow up. She reports that she has noticed that her son's calves seems to be enlarged since the last visit. Which explanation by the nurse is appropriete?
C. This is something that should be monitored during your well baby check ups. The problem may resolve spontanously over time. D. Surgery is only needed for cosmetic purposes. This will be a decision you will need to speak with your doctor about. - ANSWERS-A A 4 year old is diagnosed with Duchenes Muscular Dystrophy. His parents are worried about their daughter age 2, and they wonder if she will show signs of this diease in the future. Which information would be the most accurate for these parents? A. It is unlikely that the daughter has Duschense Muscular Dystrophy , however she could be a carrier of the disease. B. It is very possible that the daughter will show signs of Duschense Muscular Dystrophy since it is passed on genetically C. The daughter may show signs of Duschense Muscular Dystrophy when she reaches adolescence. D. There is only a 25% chance that the daughter has Duschense Muscular Dystrophy. - ANSWERS-A The nurse has developed a plan of care of a 12 month old hospitalized with severe dehydration as a result of rotovirus. Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Encourage consumption of fruit juice B. Offering Kool-Aid or popsicles as tolerated C. Encourage soft drinks, such as cola D. Maintaining the IV fluid rate as ordered. - ANSWERS-D
The doctor has ordered a Pavlik Harness for a 3 month old patient. What information should the nurse include? A. the child will only need to wear this during the night B. It is important to remove the harness for daily physical therapy. C. The child must wear this as much as possible to be effective D. This device will help to keep the childs feet in alignment. - ANSWERS-C Upon examination of a newborn, the right foot was found to be turned inward. The physcian was able to manipulate the foot into alignment. Which explanation to the parents is accurate? A. The baby appears to have a club foot and will need surgical treatment for correction. B. The baby's abnormal foot positioning is probably a mild positional club foot, not a true defect, but should still be monitored. C.The baby has a talipes varus deformity that will need to be casted as soon as possible. D. The baby will most likely need special and assistive devices for ambulation in the future. - ANSWERS-A An infant with hydrocephulus is hospitalized for surgical placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt to the left lateral ventricle. Post operative nursing care should include which of the following:
A.Massaging your childs abdomen helps with peristalis and will give him relief from excess gas B. It is good to know what works best for your child. We will try that if you are not here and the baby is fussy. C. While the doctor is running tests to rule out a kidney problem It would be best not to massage your child's abdomen as this could cause some complications D. It would probably be better to apply a heating pad to your baby's abdomen than to massage it. - ANSWERS-C A 3 year old has just returned to the unit folllowing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for placement for hydrocephulus. How Should the child be positioned? A. Flat in bed supine or on the non shunt side. B. Prone position with the head elevated 30 degrees C. High Fowlers posititon D. Trendelenburg - ANSWERS-A An 18th month old has been admitted to the hospital with rotavirus. Which precautions should be implemmented in the care plan? A. Caregivers should wear a mask at all times in the room. B. No special precautions are needed for the caregivers. C. Caregivers should wear a gown and gloves in the room D. The child may go in the playroom as long as there is no leaking from the diaper. - ANSWERS-C
When interviewing the parents of a 6 month old with atopic dermatitis (infantile eczema) they describe the following care measures. Which one would lead the nurse to think A. The patient gives the baby a bath using a mild soap to prevent irritation B. The parent applies lotion to the skin after bathing to increase moisture C. The parent applies hydrocortisone cream to the lesions to decrease D. The parent applies alcohol to the lesions to decrease risk of infection - ANSWERS-D A new born has a hpospadius with chordee. A mother is upset about her sons apperance and asks if he will ever be normal. What wiykd be the best response to the mother? A. "as the baby grows, this problem with eventually go away by itself. B. When the baby gets older, surgery will probably be done to correct the problem. C. Having the baby circumcised will make surgery later on less complicated. D. Sometimes administration of prostaglandins may correct the problem. - ANSWERS-B A 4 Year old child is newly diagnosed with Legg-Calve Perth disease. Nursing consideration should include which action?
D. Distended abdomen with pain. - ANSWERS-D The nurse is caring for a 5 year old with botulism in the peadatric intensive care unit. Which health care provider prescription should the nurse clarify with the health care provider before implementing? A. Administer botulism antitoxin IV stat x1 dose B. Infuse D5/0.45% saline @ 50ml/hr C. Administer diphenoxylate (lomotil) by mouth every 4 hours prn for diarrhea D. Administer magnesium citrate by mouth 4 hours x2 doses - ANSWERS-C A mother was called by the health department 2 weeks after giving birth to a full-term newborn. They reported that the baby's lab tests came back abnormal, suggesting congenital hypothyroidism. The mother states that she will let her family doctor know about this when she takes the baby in for his 3 month check up. How should the health department nurse respond? A. Letting your doctor know at his next appointment will be fine as there is nothing that can be done right now to treat this. B. The baby will need to be seen by a physcian immedatley so that further lab tests may be done to confirm the diagnosis and then start treatment asap. C. You will need to let the doctor know immedatley so that he can add ab iodibne supplement to the baby's formula.
D. There is no hurry for treatment, as long as the baby continues to grow and develop normally. - ANSWERS-B An 11 month old is admitted to the pedatric unit with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis and dehydration. Admission weight is 30 pounds. The parents states that this is a 3 pound weight loss since she checked his weight a week ago. Using weight as a guide, the nurse determines the child has which degree of dehydration? (round to nearest whole number) A. Mild B. Moderate C. Severe D. Life threatening. - ANSWERS-B At birth an infant girl is noted to have a myelomeningocele below the 2nd lumbar vertebrae. Which additional assessment, if abnormal is consisten with the diagnosis? A. Assess the infant for upper extremity response to sensory stimulation B. Check the urine for presence of red blood cells and protein C. Observe the infant for lower extremity response to sensory stimulation D. Examine the infants first meconium stool for the presence of mucus - ANSWERS-C
D. Releasing traction once every 8 hours to check circulation - ANSWERS-B A child is brought to the emergency room due to nausea, vommiting, and diarrhea. Primary observations of dehydration are present. The electrolyte profile revels Sodium level of 129, Potassium of 3.1 and serum C02 of 16. Based on this result, what physcian order should the nurse anticipate to recieve. A. Start 02@ 2l per nasal cannula and repeate the electrolyte profile in 4 hours. B. Give a bolus of 0.9% NS and admit to the pedatric unit for rehydration C. Call respitory therapy to do a 2 hour continuous aerosol epinephrine treatment D. Discharge the child with instructions to the parent regarding oral rehydration therapy. - ANSWERS-B The parents of a child diagnosed with oligoarthritis type of jovenile idopathic arthritis asks the nurse if their child will ever get better. The nurse's repsons should be based on which of the following statements? A. Children with oligoarthritis have a better prognosis for remission as compared to those with polyarthrisis. B. Children with all types of juivinile idopathic arthiris will have permanent deformities of joins and soft tissue C. The disease is progressive and ambulation is usually no longer possible by the age 12 years
D. Children with oligoarthitis are more prone to developing complications rlated to the disease. - ANSWERS-B A 4 year old has a fractured femur and is no immobilized in a hip spica cast. The child is crying with pain and the nurse assess that the foot is pale, coool and no pedal pulse can be palpated. Based on the data, the nurse should: A. Recognize these as a normal signs within the first 24 hours after the cast application and continue to monitor. B. Recognized these as signs of compartment syndrome, which will need physcian intervention quickly. C. Recognize that these signs are from edema and ice and elevation will help to alleviate the symptoms D. Recognize that these signs are indicitive of infections and request antibiotic therapy from the physcian/ - ANSWERS-B An autistic 4 year old is admitted to the pedatric unit. Which of the following would be the best strategy for the nurse to assess vital signs? A. Request that the parents step out of the room while the child is being assessed B. Request the assistance of another nurse to assess the vital signs C. Request the mother stay with the child to assist as needed. D. Modifications in vital sign assessment are not needed for an autistic child. - ANSWERS-C
