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HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS, Exams of Pharmacology

Virginia State University (VSU)Pharmacology

HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/27/2025

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HESI PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM QUESTIONS
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and
notes that the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL.
Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as
prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old
child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the
mother to administer the iron with which best food item?
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis
of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that
which of the following would indicate the presence of
systemic toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in
the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the
children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when
applied:
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the
client with a burn injury. When applying the medication, the
client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of
the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide
acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors
the client, knowing that which of the following indicates that
a systemic effect has occurred?
1.Hyperventilation
2.Elevated blood pressure
3.Local pain at the burn site
4.Local rash at the burn site
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe
acne. Before the administration of this medication, the nurse
anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed?
1. Platelet count
2. Triglyceride level
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Download HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS and more Exams Pharmacology in PDF only on Docsity!

HESI PHARMACOLOGY

EXAM QUESTIONS

  1. A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?
  1. Calcium chloride
  2. Calcium gluconate
  3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
  4. Large doses of vitamin D 2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item?
  5. Milk
  6. Water
  7. Apple juice
  8. Orange juice 3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
  9. Tinnitus
  10. Diarrhea
  11. Constipation
  12. Decreased respirations 4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied:
  13. Immediately before swimming
  14. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
  15. Immediately before exposure to the sun
  16. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun 5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury. When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
  17. Notifying the registered nurse
  18. Discontinuing the medication
  19. Informing the client that this is normal
  20. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site 6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred? 1.Hyperventilation 2.Elevated blood pressure 3.Local pain at the burn site 4.Local rash at the burn site 7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed? 1. Platelet count 2. Triglyceride level
  1. Complete blood count
  2. White blood cell count 8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication?
  3. Vitamin A
  4. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
  5. Furosemide (Lasix)
  6. Phenytoin (Dilantin) 9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The nurse would monitor for the potential for increased systemic absorption of the medication if the medication were being applied to which of the following body areas?
  7. Back
  8. Axilla
  9. Soles of the feet
  10. Palms of the hands 10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse notes that the client is taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the nurse would suspect that the client is being treated for:
  11. Acne
  12. Eczema
  13. Hair loss
  14. Herpes simplex 11.) The health care provider has prescribed silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client with a partial- thickness burn, which has cultured positive for gram- negative bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing information to the client about the medication. Which statement made by the client indicates a lack of understanding about the treatments?
  15. "The medication is an antibacterial."
  16. "The medication will help heal the burn."
  17. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
  18. "The medication should be applied directly to the wound." 12.) A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an intravenous (IV) infusion of an antineoplastic medication. During the infusion, the client complains of pain at the insertion site. During an inspection of the site, the nurse notes redness and swelling and that the rate of infusion of the medication has slowed. The nurse should take which appropriate action?
  19. Notify the registered nurse.
  20. Administer pain medication to reduce the discomfort.
  21. Apply ice and maintain the infusion rate, as prescribed.
  22. Elevate the extremity of the IV site, and slow the infusion. 13.) The client with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is receiving bleomycin intravenously. The nurse caring for the client anticipates that which diagnostic study will be prescribed?
    1. Echocardiography

20.) The client with metastatic breast cancer is receiving tamoxifen. The nurse specifically monitors which laboratory value while the client is taking this medication?

  1. Glucose level
  2. Calcium level
  3. Potassium level
  4. Prothrombin time 21.) A nurse is assisting with caring for a client with cancer who is receiving cisplatin. Select the adverse effects that the nurse monitors for that are associated with this medication. Select all that apply.
  5. Tinnitus
  6. Ototoxicity
  7. Hyperkalemia
  8. Hypercalcemia
  9. Nephrotoxicity
  10. Hypomagnesemia 22.) A nurse is caring for a client after thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate is prescribed for the client. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed to:
  11. Treat thyroid storm.
  12. Prevent cardiac irritability.
  13. Treat hypocalcemic tetany.
  14. Stimulate the release of parathyroid hormone. 23.) A client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with daily insulin injections. Which information should the nurse teach when carrying out plans for discharge?
  15. Keep insulin vials refrigerated at all times.
  16. Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically.
  17. Increase the amount of insulin before unusual exercise.
  18. Monitor the urine acetone level to determine the insulin dosage. 24.) A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client regarding how to mix regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe. Which of the following actions, if performed by the client, indicates the need for further teaching?
  19. Withdraws the NPH insulin first
  20. Withdraws the regular insulin first
  21. Injects air into NPH insulin vial first
  22. Injects an amount of air equal to the desired dose of insulin into the vial 25.) A home care nurse visits a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse how to store the unopened vials of insulin. The nurse tells the client to:
  23. Freeze the insulin.
  24. Refrigerate the insulin.
  25. Store the insulin in a dark, dry place.
  26. Keep the insulin at room temperature. 26.) Glimepiride (Amaryl) is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus. A nurse reinforces instructions for the client and tells the client to avoid which of the following while taking this medication?
  1. Alcohol
  2. Organ meats
  3. Whole-grain cereals
  4. Carbonated beverages 27.) Sildenafil (Viagra) is prescribed to treat a client with erectile dysfunction. A nurse reviews the client's medical record and would question the prescription if which of the following is noted in the client's history?
  5. Neuralgia
  6. Insomnia
  7. Use of nitroglycerin
  8. Use of multivitamins 28.) The health care provider (HCP) prescribes exenatide (Byetta) for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who takes insulin. The nurse knows that which of the following is the appropriate intervention?
  9. The medication is administered within 60 minutes before the morning and evening meal.
  10. The medication is withheld and the HCP is called to question the prescription for the client.
  11. The client is monitored for gastrointestinal side effects after administration of the medication.
  12. The insulin is withdrawn from the Penlet into an insulin syringe to prepare for administration. 29.) A client is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily every morning. The nurse reinforces instructions for the client and tells the client that the most likely time for a hypoglycemic reaction to occur is:
  13. 2 to 4 hours after administration
  14. 4 to 12 hours after administration
  15. 16 to 18 hours after administration
  16. 18 to 24 hours after administration 30.) A client with diabetes mellitus visits a health care clinic. The client's diabetes mellitus previously had been well controlled with glyburide (DiaBeta) daily, but recently the fasting blood glucose level has been 180 to 200 mg/dL. Which medication, if added to the client's regimen, may have contributed to the hyperglycemia?
  17. Prednisone
  18. Phenelzine (Nardil)
  19. Atenolol (Tenormin)
  20. Allopurinol (Zyloprim) 31.) A community health nurse visits a client at home. Prednisone 10 mg orally daily has been prescribed for the client and the nurse reinforces teaching for the client about the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates that further teaching is necessary?
  21. "I can take aspirin or my antihistamine if I need it."
  22. "I need to take the medication every day at the same time."
  23. "I need to avoid coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate in my diet."
  24. "If I gain more than 5 pounds a week, I will call my doctor." 32.) Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is prescribed for the treatment of diabetes insipidus. The nurse monitors the client after medication administration for which therapeutic

38.) An older client recently has been taking cimetidine (Tagamet). The nurse monitors the client for which most frequent central nervous system side effect of this medication?

  1. Tremors
  2. Dizziness
  3. Confusion
  4. Hallucinations 39.) The client with a gastric ulcer has a prescription for sucralfate (Carafate), 1 g by mouth four times daily. The nurse schedules the medication for which times?
  5. With meals and at bedtime
  6. Every 6 hours around the clock
  7. One hour after meals and at bedtime
  8. One hour before meals and at bedtime 40.) The client who chronically uses nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs has been taking misoprostol (Cytotec). The nurse determines that the medication is having the intended therapeutic effect if which of the following is noted?
  9. Resolved diarrhea
  10. Relief of epigastric pain
  11. Decreased platelet count
  12. Decreased white blood cell count 41.) The client has been taking omeprazole (Prilosec) for 4 weeks. The ambulatory care nurse evaluates that the client is receiving optimal intended effect of the medication if the client reports the absence of which symptom?
  13. Diarrhea
  14. Heartburn
  15. Flatulence
  16. Constipation 42.) A client with a peptic ulcer is diagnosed with a Helicobacter pylori infection. The nurse is reinforcing teaching for the client about the medications prescribed, including clarithromycin (Biaxin), esomeprazole (Nexium), and amoxicillin (Amoxil). Which statement by the client indicates the best understanding of the medication regimen?
  17. "My ulcer will heal because these medications will kill the bacteria."
  18. "These medications are only taken when I have pain from my ulcer."
  19. "The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production."
    1. "These medications will coat the ulcer and decrease the acid production in my stomach." 43.) A histamine (H2)-receptor antagonist will be prescribed for a client. The nurse understands that which medications are H2-receptor antagonists? Select all that apply.
  20. Nizatidine (Axid)
  21. Ranitidine (Zantac)
  22. Famotidine (Pepcid)
  23. Cimetidine (Tagamet)
  24. Esomeprazole (Nexium)
    1. Lansoprazole (Prevacid)

44.) A client is receiving acetylcysteine (Mucomyst), 20% solution diluted in 0.9% normal saline by nebulizer. The nurse should have which item available for possible use after giving this medication?

  1. Ambu bag
  2. Intubation tray
  3. Nasogastric tube
  4. Suction equipment 45.) A client has a prescription to take guaifenesin (Humibid) every 4 hours, as needed. The nurse determines that the client understands the most effective use of this medication if the client states that he or she will:
  5. Watch for irritability as a side effect.
  6. Take the tablet with a full glass of water.
  7. Take an extra dose if the cough is accompanied by fever.
  8. Crush the sustained-release tablet if immediate relief is needed. 46.) A postoperative client has received a dose of naloxone hydrochloride for respiratory depression shortly after transfer to the nursing unit from the postanesthesia care unit. After administration of the medication, the nurse checks the client for:
  9. Pupillary changes
  10. Scattered lung wheezes
  11. Sudden increase in pain
  12. Sudden episodes of diarrhea 47.) A client has been taking isoniazid (INH) for 2 months. The client complains to a nurse about numbness, paresthesias, and tingling in the extremities. The nurse interprets that the client is experiencing:
  13. Hypercalcemia
  14. Peripheral neuritis
  15. Small blood vessel spasm
  16. Impaired peripheral circulation 48.) A client is to begin a 6-month course of therapy with isoniazid (INH). A nurse plans to teach the client to:
  17. Drink alcohol in small amounts only.
  18. Report yellow eyes or skin immediately.
  19. Increase intake of Swiss or aged cheeses.
  20. Avoid vitamin supplements during therapy. 49.) A client has been started on long-term therapy with rifampin (Rifadin). A nurse teaches the client that the medication:
  21. Should always be taken with food or antacids
  22. Should be double-dosed if one dose is forgotten
  23. Causes orange discoloration of sweat, tears, urine, and feces
  24. May be discontinued independently if symptoms are gone in 3 months 50.) A nurse has given a client taking ethambutol (Myambutol) information about the medication. The nurse determines that the client understands the instructions if the client states that he or she will immediately report:
    1. Impaired sense of hearing
    2. Problems with visual acuity
  1. "It is not necessary to avoid the use of alcohol."
  2. "The medication should be taken with meals to decrease

flushing."

  1. "Clay-colored stools are a common side effect and should not be of concern."
  2. "Ibuprofen (Motrin) taken 30 minutes before the nicotinic acid should decrease the flushing." 63.) A client with coronary artery disease complains of substernal chest pain. After checking the client's heart rate and blood pressure, a nurse administers nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg, sublingually. After 5 minutes, the client states, "My chest still hurts." Select the appropriate actions that the nurse should take. Select all that apply.
  3. Call a code blue.
  4. Contact the registered nurse.
  5. Contact the client's family.
  6. Assess the client's pain level.
  7. Check the client's blood pressure.
  8. Administer a second nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg, sublingually. 64.) Nalidixic acid (NegGram) is prescribed for a client with a urinary tract infection. On review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the client is taking warfarin sodium (Coumadin) daily. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate for this client?
  9. Discontinuation of warfarin sodium (Coumadin)
  10. A decrease in the warfarin sodium (Coumadin) dosage
  11. An increase in the warfarin sodium (Coumadin) dosage
  12. A decrease in the usual dose of nalidixic acid (NegGram) 65.) A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving sulfisoxazole. Which of the following should be included in the list of instructions?
  13. Restrict fluid intake.
  14. Maintain a high fluid intake.
  15. If the urine turns dark brown, call the health care provider (HCP) immediately.
  16. Decrease the dosage when symptoms are improving to prevent an allergic response. 66.) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) is prescribed for a client. A nurse should instruct the client to report which symptom if it developed during the course of this medication therapy?
  17. Nausea
  18. Diarrhea
  19. Headache
  20. Sore throat 67.) Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) is prescribed for a client for symptomatic relief of pain resulting from a lower urinary tract infection. The nurse reinforces to the client:
  21. To take the medication at bedtime
  22. To take the medication before meals
  23. To discontinue the medication if a headache occurs
  24. That a reddish orange discoloration of the urine may occur 68.) Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) is prescribed for a client with urinary retention. Which disorder would be a contraindication to the administration of this medication?
    1. Gastric atony

75.) A client with myasthenia gravis becomes increasingly weak. The health care provider prepares to identify whether the client is reacting to an overdose of the medication (cholinergic crisis) or increasing severity of the disease (myasthenic crisis). An injection of edrophonium (Enlon) is administered. Which of the following indicates that the client is in cholinergic crisis?

  1. No change in the condition
  2. Complaints of muscle spasms
  3. An improvement of the weakness
  4. A temporary worsening of the condition 76.) Carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) is prescribed for a client with Parkinson's disease, and the nurse monitors the client for adverse reactions to the medication. Which of the following indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction?
  5. Pruritus
  6. Tachycardia
  7. Hypertension
  8. Impaired voluntary movements 77.) Phenytoin (Dilantin), 100 mg orally three times daily, has been prescribed for a client for seizure control. The nurse reinforces instructions regarding the medication to the client. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
  9. "I will use a soft toothbrush to brush my teeth."
  10. "It's all right to break the capsules to make it easier for me to swallow them."
  11. "If I forget to take my medication, I can wait until the next dose and eliminate that dose."
  12. "If my throat becomes sore, it's a normal effect of the medication and it's nothing to be concerned about." 78.) A client is taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizure control and a sample for a serum drug level is drawn. Which of the following indicates a therapeutic serum drug range?
  13. 5 to 10 mcg/mL
  14. 10 to 20 mcg/mL
  15. 20 to 30 mcg/mL
  16. 30 to 40 mcg/mL A helpful hint may be to remember that the theophylline therapeutic range and the acetaminophen (Tylenol) therapeutic range are the same as the phenytoin (Dilantin) therapeutic range. 79.) Ibuprofen (Advil) is prescribed for a client. The nurse tells the client to take the medication:
  17. With 8 oz of milk
  18. In the morning after arising
  19. 60 minutes before breakfast
  20. At bedtime on an empty stomach 80.) A nurse is caring for a client who is taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures. During data collection, the nurse notes that the client is taking birth control pills. Which of the following information should the nurse provide to the client?
  21. Pregnancy should be avoided while taking phenytoin (Dilantin).
    1. The client may stop taking the phenytoin (Dilantin) if it is

causing severe gastrointestinal effects.

  1. The potential for decreased effectiveness of the birth control pills exists while taking phenytoin (Dilantin).
  2. The increased risk of thrombophlebitis exists while taking phenytoin (Dilantin) and birth control pills together. 81.) A client with trigeminal neuralgia is being treated with carbamazepine (Tegretol). Which laboratory result would indicate that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction to the medication?
  3. Sodium level, 140 mEq/L
  4. Uric acid level, 5.0 mg/dL
  5. White blood cell count, 3000 cells/mm
  6. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, 15 mg/dL 82.) A client is receiving meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) for pain. Which of the following are side effects of this medication. Select all that apply.
  7. Diarrhea
  8. Tremors
  9. Drowsiness
  10. Hypotension
  11. Urinary frequency
  12. Increased respiratory rate 83.) The client has been on treatment for rheumatoid arthritis for 3 weeks. During the administration of etanercept (Enbrel), it is most important for the nurse to check:
  13. The injection site for itching and edema
  14. The white blood cell counts and platelet counts
  15. Whether the client is experiencing fatigue and joint pain
  16. A metallic taste in the mouth, with a loss of appetite 84.) Baclofen (Lioresal) is prescribed for the client with multiple sclerosis. The nurse assists in planning care, knowing that the primary therapeutic effect of this medication is which of the following?
  17. Increased muscle tone
  18. Decreased muscle spasms
  19. Increased range of motion
  20. Decreased local pain and tenderness 85.) A nurse is monitoring a client receiving baclofen (Lioresal) for side effects related to the medication. Which of the following would indicate that the client is experiencing a side effect?
  21. Polyuria
  22. Diarrhea
  23. Drowsiness
  24. Muscular excitability 86.) A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving baclofen (Lioresal). Which of the following would the nurse include in the instructions?
  25. Restrict fluid intake.
  26. Avoid the use of alcohol.
  27. Stop the medication if diarrhea occurs.
  28. Notify the health care provider if fatigue occurs.

counts

  1. Radiological findings that show nonprogression of joint degeneration
  2. An increased range of motion in the affected joints 3 months into therapy
  3. Inflammation and irritation at the injection site 3 days after injection is given
  4. A low-grade temperature upon rising in the morning that remains throughout the day 93.) The client who is human immunodeficiency virus seropositive has been taking stavudine (d4t, Zerit). The nurse monitors which of the following most closely while the client is taking this medication?
  5. Gait
  6. Appetite
  7. Level of consciousness
  8. Hemoglobin and hematocrit blood levels 94.) The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has begun therapy with zidovudine (Retrovir, Azidothymidine, AZT, ZDV). The nurse carefully monitors which of the following laboratory results during treatment with this medication?
  9. Blood culture
  10. Blood glucose level
  11. Blood urea nitrogen
  12. Complete blood count 95.) The nurse is reviewing the results of serum laboratory studies drawn on a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving didanosine (Videx). The nurse interprets that the client may have the medication discontinued by the health care provider if which of the following significantly elevated results is noted?
  13. Serum protein
  14. Blood glucose
  15. Serum amylase
  16. Serum creatinine 96.) The nurse is caring for a postrenal transplant client taking cyclosporine (Sandimmune, Gengraf, Neoral). The nurse notes an increase in one of the client's vital signs, and the client is complaining of a headache. What is the vital sign that is most likely increased?
  17. Pulse
  18. Respirations
  19. Blood pressure
  20. Pulse oximetry 97.) Amikacin (Amikin) is prescribed for a client with a bacterial infection. The client is instructed to contact the health care provider (HCP) immediately if which of the following occurs?
  21. Nausea
  22. Lethargy
  23. Hearing loss
  24. Muscle aches

(most aminoglycoside medication names end in the letters -cin) 98.) The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus retinitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving foscarnet. The nurse should check the latest results of which of the following laboratory studies while the client is taking this medication?

  1. CD4 cell count
  2. Serum albumin
  3. Serum creatinine
  4. Lymphocyte count 99.) The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis jiroveci infection has been receiving pentamidine isethionate (Pentam 300). The client develops a temperature of 101° F. The nurse does further monitoring of the client, knowing that this sign would most likely indicate:
  5. The dose of the medication is too low.
  6. The client is experiencing toxic effects of the medication.
  7. The client has developed inadequacy of thermoregulation.
  8. The result of another infection caused by leukopenic effects of the medication. 100.) Saquinavir (Invirase) is prescribed for the client who is human immunodeficiency virus seropositive. The nurse reinforces medication instructions and tells the client to:
  9. Avoid sun exposure.
  10. Eat low-calorie foods.
  11. Eat foods that are low in fat.
  12. Take the medication on an empty stomach. 101.) Ketoconazole is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of candidiasis. Select the interventions that the nurse includes when administering this medication. Select all that apply.
  13. Restrict fluid intake.
  14. Instruct the client to avoid alcohol.
  15. Monitor hepatic and liver function studies.
  16. Administer the medication with an antacid.
  17. Instruct the client to avoid exposure to the sun.
  18. Administer the medication on an empty stomach. 102.) A client with human immunodeficiency virus is taking nevirapine (Viramune). The nurse should monitor for which adverse effects of the medication? Select all that apply.
  19. Rash
  20. Hepatotoxicity
  21. Hyperglycemia
  22. Peripheral neuropathy
  23. Reduced bone mineral density 103.) A nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who has been taking clozapine (Clozaril) for the treatment of a schizophrenic disorder. Which laboratory study prescribed for the client will the nurse specifically review to monitor for an adverse effect associated with the use of this medication?
  24. Platelet count
  25. Cholesterol level
  26. White blood cell count
    1. Blood urea nitrogen level

110.) A client taking lithium carbonate (Lithobid) reports vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, blurred vision, tinnitus, and tremors. The lithium level is checked as a part of the routine follow-up and the level is 3.0 mEq/L. The nurse knows that this level is:

  1. Toxic
  2. Normal
  3. Slightly above normal
  4. Excessively below normal 111.) A client arrives at the health care clinic and tells the nurse that he has been doubling his daily dosage of bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin) to help him get better faster. The nurse understands that the client is now at risk for which of the following?
  5. Insomnia
  6. Weight gain
  7. Seizure activity
  8. Orthostatic hypotension 112.) A hospitalized client is started on phenelzine sulfate (Nardil) for the treatment of depression. The nurse instructs the client to avoid consuming which foods while taking this medication? Select all that apply.
  9. Figs
  10. Yogurt
  11. Crackers
  12. Aged cheese 5 Tossed salad
  13. Oatmeal cookies 113.) A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving sulfisoxazole. Which of the following would be included in the plan of care for instructions?
  14. Maintain a high fluid intake.
  15. Discontinue the medication when feeling better.
  16. If the urine turns dark brown, call the health care provider immediately.
  17. Decrease the dosage when symptoms are improving to prevent an allergic response. 114.) A postoperative client requests medication for flatulence (gas pains). Which medication from the following PRN list should the nurse administer to this client?
  18. Ondansetron (Zofran)
  19. Simethicone (Mylicon)
  20. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
  21. Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia, MOM) 115.) A client received 20 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at 8:00 AM. The nurse should check the client for a potential hypoglycemic reaction at what time?
  22. 5:00 PM
  23. 10:00 AM
  24. 11:00 AM
  25. 11:00 PM 116.) A nurse administers a dose of scopolamine (Transderm- Scop) to a postoperative client. The nurse tells the client to expect which of the following side effects of this medication?
  1. Dry mouth
  2. Diaphoresis
  3. Excessive urination
  4. Pupillary constriction 117.) A nurse has given the client taking ethambutol (Myambutol) information about the medication. The nurse determines that the client understands the instructions if the client immediately reports:
  5. Impaired sense of hearing
  6. Distressing gastrointestinal side effects
  7. Orange-red discoloration of body secretions
  8. Difficulty discriminating the color red from green 118.) A nurse is caring for an older client with a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and has reinforced self- care instructions. Which statement by the client indicates that further teaching is necessary?
  9. "I rest each afternoon after my walk."
  10. "I cough and deep breathe many times during the day."
  11. "If I get abdominal cramps and diarrhea, I should call my doctor."
  12. "I can change the time of my medication on the mornings that I feel strong." 119.) A client with diabetes mellitus who has been controlled with daily insulin has been placed on atenolol (Tenormin) for the control of angina pectoris. Because of the effects of atenolol, the nurse determines that which of the following is the most reliable indicator of hypoglycemia?
  13. Sweating
  14. Tachycardia
  15. Nervousness
  16. Low blood glucose level 120.) A client is taking lansoprazole (Prevacid) for the chronic management of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The nurse advises the client to take which of the following products if needed for a headache?
  17. Naprosyn (Aleve)
  18. Ibuprofen (Advil)
  19. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
  20. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) Remember that options that are comparable or alike are not likely to be correct. With this in mind, eliminate options 1 and 2 first. 121.) A client who is taking hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL, HCTZ) has been started on triamterene (Dyrenium) as well. The client asks the nurse why both medications are required. The nurse formulates a response, based on the understanding that:
  21. Both are weak potassium-losing diuretics.
  22. The combination of these medications prevents renal toxicity.
  23. Hydrochlorothiazide is an expensive medication, so using a combination of diuretics is cost-effective.
  24. Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic, whereas hydrochlorothiazide is a potassium- losing diuretic.