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HLTH 330: Vitamins
What vitamins are water-soluble? - correct answer Vitamins B and C What are good sources of thiamin (B1)? - correct answer Pork, whole and enriched grains, seeds, nuts, legumes What is the major function of thiamin? - correct answer Coenzyme in glucose and energy metabolisms; needed for neurotransmitter synthesis and normal nerve function. What is a deficiency of thiamin called? - correct answer Beriberi What are symptoms of Beriberi? - correct answer Beriberi is thiamin deficiency that causes weakness, apathy, nerve tingling, poor coordination, heart changes and paralysis. Is there any toxicity reported with thiamine? - correct answer Nope Where is riboflavin (B2) found? - correct answer Dairy products, whole and enriched grains, dark green vegetables, meats What is the function of riboflavin? - correct answer Coenzyme in energy and lipid metabolism. What happens with a deficiency in riboflavin? - correct answer Inflammation of the mouth and tongue, cracks in the corner of the mouth Is there any toxicity with riboflavin (B2)? - correct answer None reported What is niacin (B3) found in? - correct answer Beef, chicken, fish, peanuts, legumes, whole and enriched grains
What is the function of niacin? - correct answer Coenzyme in energy metabolism and lipid synthesis and breakdown What does a deficiency in niacin cause? - correct answer pellagra What is pellagra? - correct answer Is is a niacin deficiency that causes diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia What does too much niacin cause? - correct answer Flushing, nausea, rash, tingling extremities Where is biotin found? - correct answer Liver, egg yolks, synthesized in the gut What does biotin do? - correct answer It is a coenzyme in glucose synthesis and energy and fatty acid metabolism. What happens with a deficiency of biotin? - correct answer Dermatitis, nausea, depression, hallucinations What happens when you consume too much biotin> - correct answer nothing Where is pantothenic acid found? - correct answer Meat, legumes, whole grains, widespread in foods What does pantothenic acid do? - correct answer Coenzyme in energy metabolism and lipid synthesis and breakdown. What does a deficiency in pantothenic acid do? - correct answer It causes fatigue and a rash Where is vitamin B6 acid found? - correct answer Meat, fish, poultry, legumes, whole grains, nuts, and seeds
What does a deficiency in vitamin C cause? - correct answer Scurvy What is scurvy? - correct answer Vitamin C deficiency that causes poor wound healing, bleeding gums, loose teeth, bone fragility, joint pain Where is vitamin A found? - correct answer liver, fish, milk, butter, eggs, carrots, leafy greens, sweet potatoes What does vitamin A do? - correct answer Gene expression, vision, health of cornea, cell differentiation, reproduction. What does a deficiency in vitamin A cause? - correct answer Xeropthalmia, night blindness, dry cornea, eye infections, poor growth What does an excess of vitamin A cause? - correct answer headache, vomiting, hair loss, liver damage, skin changes Where is vitamin D found? - correct answer Egg yolks, liver, fish oils, tuna, salmon, milk Vitamin D is important for? - correct answer gene expression, absorption of calcium and phosphorus, maintenance of bone What does a deficiency in vitamin D cause? - correct answer Rickets in children and osteromalacia in adults What is rickets? - correct answer Vitamin D deficiency that causes bowed legs and soft bones What is osteroporosis? - correct answer vitamin D deficiency with bone pain What does an excess of vitamin D cause? - correct answer Calcium deposits in soft tissue, growth retardation
Where is vitamin E found? - correct answer Vegetable oils, leafy greens, seeds, nuts, peanuts What does vitamin E do? - correct answer It is an antioxidant that protects cell membranes What does a deficiency in vitamin E do? - correct answer Broken red blood cells and nerve damage What does an excess of vitamin E cause? - correct answer Inhibition of vitamin K activity Where is vitamin K found? - correct answer Vegetable oils, leafy greens What are the major functions of vitamin K? - correct answer Synthesis of blood- clotting proteins and proteins needed for bone health and cell growth What does a deficiency in vitamin K cause? - correct answer Hemorrhage What does an excess of vitamin K cause? - correct answer Anemia, brain damage
