Amino Acids: Structures, Naming, Functions, and Bonding Differences, Exercises of Biochemistry

Information on the structures, naming, functions, and differences in bonding (disulfide bonds, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions) of essential amino acids: leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, aspartate, and cystine. It also discusses the heme group.

Typology: Exercises

2022/2023

Uploaded on 11/14/2022

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HOMEWORK
Part 1:
Give the structures of the following:
1. Leucine
2. Methionine
3. Phenyl Alonine
4. Aspartate
5. Cystine
How are they named?
What are their symbols? And what are their functions in the body.
Structures How are they
named?
What are
their
symbols?
Functions in the body.
1. Leucine Three
letters:
Leu
One
Letter: L
CHEM 40
Pangilinan, Krisha E.
BSN-1E
Leucine (Leu),
chemically known
as α-
aminoisohexanoic
acid, was first
isolated from
cheese by Proust in
1819. Later,
Braconnot
crystallized it from
the acid hydrolysate
of muscle and wool
and named it Leu.
OTHER NAME:
2-Amino-4-
methylpentanoic
acid
Leucine is a
necessary amino acid
for the production of
proteins. Leucine's
carbon skeleton can
also be utilized, like
that of other amino
acids, to produce
ATP. Leucine can,
however, also control
a number of
biological functions,
including protein
synthesis, tissue
regeneration, and
metabolism.
pf3
pf4

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HOMEWORK

Part 1: Give the structures of the following:

  1. Leucine
  2. Methionine
  3. Phenyl Alonine
  4. Aspartate
  5. Cystine How are they named? What are their symbols? And what are their functions in the body. **Structures How are they named? What are their symbols? Functions in the body.
  6. Leucine Three letters: Leu One Letter: L**

CHEM 40

Pangilinan, Krisha E. BSN-1E Leucine (Leu), chemically known as α- aminoisohexanoic acid, was first isolated from cheese by Proust in

  1. Later, Braconnot crystallized it from the acid hydrolysate of muscle and wool and named it Leu. OTHER NAME: 2-Amino-4- methylpentanoic acid Leucine is a necessary amino acid for the production of proteins. Leucine's carbon skeleton can also be utilized, like that of other amino acids, to produce ATP. Leucine can, however, also control a number of biological functions, including protein synthesis, tissue regeneration, and metabolism.

2. Methionin e **Three letters: Met One letter: M

  1. Phenyl** Alonine 2-amino-3- phenyl- propanoic acid **Three letters: phe One letter: F
  2. Aspartate Other names** Aminosuccinic acid Asparagic acid Asparaginic acid **Three letters: asp One letter: D
  3. Cystine** other name of cysteine 2-Amino-3- sulfhydrylprop anoic acid Three letters: cys One letter: C 2-amino-4- (methylthio )butanoic acid Methionine is an antioxidant. It might aid in preventing ionizing radiation harm to the body. The body's toxic chemicals, like heavy metals, may be detoxified by it. Additionally, it might shield the liver from acetaminophen L-phenylalanine (Phe), an essential amino acid required for the production of proteins, catecholamines, and melanin, is also a crucial precursor to the amino acid L- tyrosine (Tyr). Aspartic acid is essential for the proper functioning of all cells in the body. It influences hormone production and release. Normal nervous system performance. A non-essential amino acid called cysteine is crucial for the synthesis of protein as well as other metabolic processes. Beta keratin contains it. The primary protein in hair, skin, and nails is this one. Collagen is made in part by cysteine.

C. Annex 4 - Amino acids, one and three letter codes. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2022,

from https://www.fao.org/3/y2775e/y2775e0e.htm

D. Aspartic acid. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2022, from

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002234.htm#:%7E:text=Aspartic%20acid%20helps

%20every%20cell,Normal%20nervous%20system%20function

E. Cysteine - Health Encyclopedia - University of Rochester Medical Center. (n.d.).

Retrieved September 20, 2022, from

https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?

contenttypeid=19&contentid=Cysteine#:%7E:text=Cysteine%20is%20a%20non

%2Dessential,is%20important%20for%20making%20collagen.

F. Bonds and Protein Structure. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2022, from

https://earth.callutheran.edu/Academic_Programs/Departments/BioDev/omm/jsmolnew/

bonding/chymo.html

G. heme | chemical compound. (n.d.). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved September 20,

2022, from https://www.britannica.com/science/heme