Hotel Management Report, Thesis of Management Theory

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NAME: MARK BULUMA EUGINE
INDEX MUMBER: 500008004
YEAR OF EXAMINATION: 2009
SCHOOL NAME: UTUMISHI ACADEMY
SCHOOL CODE: 500008
PROJECT TITTLE: ABC HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SUBMITTED TO: KENYA NANTIONAL EXAMINATION
COUNCIL
SUBMOISSION DATE: OCTOBER 2009
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NAME: MARK BULUMA EUGINE

INDEX MUMBER: 500008004

YEAR OF EXAMINATION: 2009

SCHOOL NAME: UTUMISHI ACADEMY

SCHOOL CODE: 500008

PROJECT TITTLE: ABC HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

SUBMITTED TO: KENYA NANTIONAL EXAMINATION

COUNCIL

SUBMOISSION DATE: OCTOBER 2009

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The system analyst stops shortly to thank all those who devoted their energy, resources and time to the success of this project. The foremost ultimate thank you goes to my determined and ever encouraging computer studies teacher MR. S. MBALUKA. No words can explain my gratitude for your ever helping hand through this process. However, I can’t forget the support that both my school administration and my family have granted me through this process. In conclusion, the system analyst will ever treasure the help from both mentioned and non-mentioned well-wishers deeply in his heart.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Dedication Dedication

  1. Introduction 1
  2. System analysis 2 Problem definition The current manual system The proposed system Fact finding report.
  3. System design 3 3.1 Dataflow diagram 3.2 System flowchart 3.3 File data fields 3.4Output design 3.5 Input design 3.6 Storage design 3.7 Processing requirements 3.8 System controls, backup and security 3.9 Normalization
  4. System construction 4.1 Tables 4.2 Queries 4.3 Forms 4.4 Reports 4.5 Macros 4.6 Vba codes
  5. System testing and debugging
  6. Normal data
  7. Exceptional data
  8. Extreme data
  9. System implementation 7.0 user manual Instillation requirements Loading procedure

Navigation guide Report generation procedure

  1. Conclusion
  2. Recommendations
  3. Glossary
  4. Bibliographies 12.0 Appendices 12.1 Data gathering tools 12.2 Forms screen shots 12.3 Reports screen shots 12.4 Booking web page screenshot12.5 Macros shots

2.0 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

2.1 PROBLEM DEFINITION.

ABC Hotel offers accommodation, meals, additional facilities and other services. Accommodation services are offered as follows:

Meals, other services and facilities offered includes: Breakfast; Lunch, dinner, tea, Laundry, Ironing, transport and room service. The services are offered as outlined below: ITEM COST BREAKFAST (^1000) LUNCH (^700) DINNER (^1500) TEA (^250) LAUNDRY:HEAVY LINEN MEDIUM LIGHT

TRANSPORT:MILEAGE, VEHICLE

Although the hotel is of an international class and quality, it’s not realizing its maximum potential due to delay of activities by the current redundant manual system. Due to huge losses suffered by the hotel from the frequent errors in the current system, the hotel management opted for a computerized system, which would:

  1. Be friendlier to customers and the staff.
  2. Improve customer care and service at the hotel.
  3. Increase the hotel performance.
  4. Reduce the operational costs of the hotel.

CATEGORY BED AND BREAKFAST (KSH)

HALFBOARD (KSH)

FULLBOARD (KSH) SINGLE ROOM (^2500 3900 ) DOUBLE ROOM (^2900 4300 ) SINGLE ROOM SELF CONTAINED (^3100 4500 ) DOUBLE ROOM SELF CONTAINED (^3700 5100 )

2.2 THE CURRENT MANUAL SYSTEM

2.21 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

The current manual system uses paperwork and direct human language communication by mouth to manage the hotel. This delays information transmission in the hotel. Booking is done through phone calls or through visit to the hotel booking office. The guest’s personal details such as Name, Age, Nationality, and Duration of stay, are input during booking in. The booking office orders for preparation of the guest’s room before his/ her check in date. The documents are transferred manually to the filling department for compilation of the guest’s file. On the reporting date the file is transferred to the reception. On checking in the guest is given the key to his allocated room, he also specify if he needs room service. The receptionist hands over the guest’s file to the accountant on the next table. Here the guest pays accommodation and meals fee. The guest’s file is updated on daily basis of his expenditure costs. The accounts department generates the bills on daily basis and delivered to the guests in their rooms at dusk by the service maids. The guest pays at the accounts desk, where the receipts are generated. For a one meal customer the bill is generated immediately after ordering and he pays at the accountant desk before leaving. During checking out of guests, their expenditure outlines are generated a day before check out date. The guests receive their outlines at the accounts desk as they check out, where they pay for bills balances if any.

  1. Human and computational errors: many errors enabled by the system due to tedious computations required during data processing cost the hotel management heavily.
  2. Poorly generated records: poorly generated records encourage omission of some important data by the employees. Such data as the guests’ luggage is omitted. This leads to security problems at the hotel such as armed robberies.
  3. Complains from guests: due to poor management of documents encouraged by the manual system, several cases were reported where guests complained of overcharging, charging of services not used by the guests.
  4. Poor communication: due to poor communication between the departments, guests are often served with services they didn’t order.
  5. Difficulty in data analysis: The accountants usually found it difficult to analyze the guests’ data during generation of expenditure bills due to missing of some records.

2.25 ADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM.

  1. Employees don’t need special computer skills to run the manual system
  2. No reliance on computer devices which may fail since they are machine in nature.
  3. Relatively low running costs as the system requires no electricity, internet services as the computerized system would.

2.26 DISADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM.

  1. Guest files can easily get lost or mix up with other guest file documents.
  2. Files occupy a large storage space
  3. Unnecessary duplication of data.
  4. Files are prone to theft unauthorized modification due to low data security levels and standards.
  5. Due to easy access to guest data by unauthorized users, guest data is extremely unconfident.
  6. Retrieval of guest records is extremely difficult.
  7. Data entry procedure is prone to errors.
  1. Guest records are extremely difficult to modify since modification generates dirty and unpresentable reports.

2.3 THE PROPOSED SYSTEM.

2.31 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM To enable online booking via the internet. To enable automated data entry methods. Ensure efficient and reliable communication within the hotel. Avoid data entry errors by use of input masks. Enable easy authorized modification of data. Enforce security measures to avoid unauthorized access to guest records. Enable fast and easy retrieval of guest records and data for fast reference activities. 2.32 SCOPE OF THE SYSTEM. The system will cover; booking, accommodation, meals, and accounts details. Moreover, special services such as laundry, ironing and room service will be automated by the system also, not to forget the additional facilities information that will be efficiently handled by the system. To help the system smoothly carry out its intended purpose to meet the hotel management needs, the following tables will be used to store data:

  1. booking table The table contains guest details that will be input when the guest books into the hotel. For booking, the system will give room for online booking, personal visit to the booking office, telephone calls or facsimiles. For online booking, the guest will have to log on to the hotel’s website and fill his/her personal details in the booking web page provided by the system. For telephone call the guest provides his personal details over the phone as the hotel’s booking staff do the actual entry of the details into the system. For personal visit to the hotel, the guest provides his details verbally which the booking staff enters into the computer system. The table has the following fields: _(regno, fname, sname, nationality, id card no, gender contacts, address, email, Date)
  2. Accommodation table._ The table contains the accommodation details of a guest. These details help

fields used to store transport department information (Date, Regno, Fname, Sname, Rcpt No, id card no, vehicle, Nationality, payment, Charges, commission, Total amount)

8. Ambulance table The table contains information on the ambulance facility services offered by the hotel to local, foreign individuals and groups. The table stores information on charges and can be used to generate detailed reports on request by the management. The following fields aid the table efficiently and reliably perform its functions to the expectations : _( date, type, fname, sname, regno, amblreg no, duration (days), charges, payment, Rcpt no)

  1. Conference table._ This is a facility table that contains information on the conference facility services offered to the customers at an extra cost. The table keeps track of the hotel’s conference rooms in use and the amount generated from the facility per meeting. The following are the fields that help the table fulfill its purpose at the hotel: _(date, type, fname, sname, regno, amblreg no, Rcpt no, duration (days), charges, payment)
  2. Swimming pool facility table._ Swimming pool facility table contain information on the swimming facility services offered o customers at an extra cost. The table can be used to generate reports on the daily activities in the swimming department, on request by the management. The table has the following fields to enable it perform the above described functions : _( date, guest type, regno, sname, Nationality, duration(hrs), charges, payment, no of guests, Total amount, Rcpt no)
  3. sporting facility table_ This table ensures that the information of those who are lovers of physical fitness both as a career and as a hobby is well managed. The table holds their information safely and ensures maximum data integrity values. To enable the table accomplish its intended purpose successfully, the table contains the following fields (date, Rcpt no, Total amount, payment, charges, duration, facilities, sport activity, Nationality, regno, sname, fname, type)
  4. Employees details table The table contains valuable and delicate information about the employees. The table is for use by the hotel management to keep track of the employee records and performance at the hotel to enable the hotel realize its maximum potential and reduce any possible irrelevant expenditure. The table has the following fields that enable it ensure maximum operability and co-operation (residence, mobile no, account no, salary, position, department, position, office tel, office number, email, address, contacts, id card no, staff names, staff no)

2.32 THE ADVANTAGES OF THE SYSTYEM.

The system enables easy and fast access to the guest files. The system provides better data management facilities. The system enable online booking of guests into the hotel hence international guests can easily book into the hotel. The system provides performance evaluation of the employees to ensure maximum output from the employees. The system provides security measures to access to the hotel’s information lowering data security threats. The system help reduce the congestion of guests ensuring best service output for customer satisfaction purposes. Easy update of the guest records. High customer service standards attract more guests to the hotel. Reduction 0of data entry and processing errors. Greatly reduce paper use at the hotel.

2.33 THE DISADVANTAGES OF THE SYSTEM. The system will undergo system entropy hence an extra cost of updating will be incurred to keep the system competitive in the ICT and BUSSINESS world. The hotel will incur an extra cost on the electricity and internet bills due to computerization of the hotel management. The hotel will be required to train its employees on how to manage the system hence the hotel output capacity will reduce a bit during this period 2.34 FEASIBILITY STUDY A feasibility study was carried out to determine the benefits of the current manual system and the proposed computerized system. The system is indeed viable: 2.341 Economic feasibility. The estimated costs of the system will indeed outweigh the estimated costs of development of the system. The estimated costs of the system are as shown below: Item Estimated costs(kshs) System development 100000 Hardware installation 910000 System software 50000

implemented, the team of experts conducted a thorough data collection process using the following methods:

  1. Observation method. The team closely observed the hotel’s activities as the guests are served at the hotel and how the management carried out its managerial activities. The team found out that the hotel indeed was in a dire need for automation of its activities to realize its maximum potential. The guest admission and booking process was not well managed by the current manual system, hence, the team came up with this system to clearly outline the management boundaries of the two departments. The guest payment process also needed an urgent check up as it led to congestion on the accountant’s desk leading to time wastage. The team also observed that the guest records were not well protected from unauthorized access as ill-motivated guests could easily gain access to the other guest files by posing as the real guest. From our observation we noted that the manual system denied the hotel of international guests who would have rather been potential customers through online booking.
  2. Interview method. This was the most exhaustible method of data collection. The team used their data superior collection skills to extract data out of the hotel management team, the hotel employees and the hotel’s guests at the moment of data collection. The interviewers created a conducive environment in which the interviewees could feel free to let out the best they could that helped the team come up with the most effective system to fulfill their needs. Among the data collected the following was highlighted to be of a great consideration: The guests’ feelings about the current management of the hotel, the employees’ comfortability with the proposal of introducing a new computerized system. Many computer illiterate employees had fears of replaced pr displaced by the computer literate employees but they were assured of their survival should they be ready to prove their competence in their activities. The management’s dire need for management of the hotel’s proceedings was pu8t into consideration by the system developers. 3. Questionnaire method Questionnaires were sent to several guests and the hotel’s staff members into whom they filled in the information that greatly aided the team to come up with a system that would be user friendly to all the hotel users. The questionnaires were conducted orally to the users who were present at the hotel during the time of data collection and sent to appropriate staff members who were away at the time of data collection. The questions exhaustively dealt with how the system would ensure maximum output of the hotel to fully realize it’s potential. The responses were used to develop this system accordingly.

4. Document revision Both the guest and staff documents were revised. Several data entry errors and retrieval problems were encountered. The system has put into consideration an error recovery strategy that will ensure maximum data integrity.

3.0 THE SYSTEM DESIGN. The system was designed in Microsoft Access package. The system design phase describes the functional capabilities of the proposed system. This is divided into the following design phases: System flowchart, System dataflow diagram, Input design, processing design and output design. 3.1 Dataflow diagram

SYSTEM DATAFLOW DIAGRAM

RECEPTION:

GUEST

INFORMATION AND

ORDERS INPUT

THE ABC HOTEL MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

BOOKING OFFICE:

GUEST BOOKING

MAIN SERVICES

GUEST FILES

BACKUP

GUEST FILES

FACILITIES

REPORT GENERATION

Guest admission in and out

Facilities and services details

Input of guest details

Departmental reports Departmental reports

Guest orders (^) Guest orders Report update

3.3 File data fields The following are the designs of the tables that shall be used to store the data in the system: 3.31Booking table

3.32 Admission Table

3.33 Accommodation table

Field name Data type description Fname Number first name

Field name data type description Date Date/Time Number

date of booking regno registration number Fname Text first name Sname Text second name

nationality Text Citizenship id card no Number national id card number gender Number guest gender Contacts Number telephone number Address Memo box office address email Hyperlink email account

Field name Data type description Regno Number registration number Fname Number first name Sname Number second name Nationality Number Citizenship id card no Number national id card number luggage Memo Luggage in date Date/Time check in date out date Date/Time check out date room no Number room number

Sname Number Second name Id card no Number national id card number Room no Number room number Category Number room category Charges Currency accommodation charges Rcpt no Auto number Receipt number payment Number mode of payment Amount charged Currency amount charged nationality Number nationality Total charge currency total charge

3.34 Meals table

3.35 Laundry table. Field name Data type description Date Date/time date of the transaction Fname Number first name

Field name Data type description Regno Number Registration number Fname Text First name Sname Text Second name Id card no Number National ident8ity card number Room no Number Room number Category Text Room category Charges Currency Meal charges Rcpt no AutoNumber Receipt number Payment Text Mode of payment Amount charged Currency Amount charged Nationality Text Citizenship Total charge Currency Total charge