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HUBS 191 progress test 2.
nucleus - ANSWERgroup of cell bodies in CNS tract - ANSWERbundle of axons in CNS grey matter - ANSWERcell bodies in spinal cord or cerebral cortex white matter - ANSWERaxons in spinal cord or cerebral cortex types of neurons - ANSWERmultipolar, bipolar, unipolar, anaxonic astrocytes (3) - ANSWERCNS: supply nutrients to neurons, ensheath blood capillaries, transmit info microglia (2) - ANSWERCNS: immune cells, engulf microbes and debris ependymal cells (2) - ANSWERCNS: line fluid-filled spaces, cilia to circulate CSF oligodendrocytes (2) - ANSWERCNS: support nerve fibres, ensheath with myelin swchann cells (2) - ANSWERPNS: support peripheral nerve fibres, ensheath with myelin
Afferent - ANSWERascending/sensory Efferent - ANSWERdescending/motor Somatic Efferent - ANSWERvoluntary: 2 neurons between brain and skeletal muscle Autonomic Efferent - ANSWERinvoluntary: 3 neurons between brain and effector sympathetic nervous system - ANSWERfight or flight parasympathetic nervous system - ANSWERrest and digest factors of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system (6) - ANSWERHR, gastric motility, salivation, pupil size, sweating & blood to muscles myelin - ANSWERlipid/fat what happens during an AP? (5) - ANSWERresting: VG channels shut depol. to threshold: change in MP rapid depol: VG Na+ open VG Na+ close, VG gate open membrane repolarises to RMP
cauda equina - ANSWERcollection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord damage to ventral horn (efferent) - ANSWERparalysis of muscles damage to afferent pathway - ANSWERloss of sensation PNS: axons are covered with - ANSWERendoneurium PNS: axons are bundled to form a - ANSWERfascicle PNS: fasiscles are covered with - ANSWERperineurium PNS: fasiscles bundle with each other and blood vessels to form a - ANSWERnerve nerves are covered with - ANSWERperineurium meninges - ANSWERprotective covering for brain types of meninges (3) - ANSWERdura mater, arachnoid, pia mater dura mater (3) - ANSWERdense/fibrous/tough, space between layers forms venous sinuses, inner layer forms dural folds
venous sinuses - ANSWERcollecting veins, venous blood from brain and old CSF dural folds of inner layer of dura mater (3) - ANSWERfalx cerebri (separates cerebral hemispheres) falx cerebelli (separates cerebellar hemispheres) tentonum cerebelli (separates cerebrum and cerebellum) arachnoid mater (3) - ANSWERdoes not extend into sulci, contains blood vessels, two special features (arachnoid granulations and subarachnoid space) arachnoid granulations - ANSWERperforate inner layer of dura mater, transport old CSF from sub-a space to venous sinuses subarachnoid space - ANSWERbetween arachnoid and pia mater, contains CSF ventricular system - ANSWERnetwork of interconnected spaces within the brain, filled with CSF (produced by the choroid plexus, which lines the ventricles) CSF - ANSWERnourishes and protects the brain, transports nutrients and waste
location - ANSWERlocation of sensory receptors activated, mapped in brain (receptive field) tonic receptors - ANSWERadapt slowly or not at all phasic receptors - ANSWERfast adapting somatic motor neurons? - ANSWERventral gray horn autonomic motor neurons? - ANSWERlateral gray horn
