THE HUMAN BODY IN HEALTH AND
ILLNESS CHAPTER 1
Anatomy
Branch of science that studies the structure of the body, describes what the heart looks
like, the size, what it's made of.
Physiology
Branch of science that describes how the body functions, how the heart pumps blood,
and why pumping is essential.
Pathophysiology
Branch of science that describes the consequences of improper functioning of the body.
Body's levels of organization in order
Atoms, Molecules, Cells, Tissue, Organ, Organ Systems, Organism
3 multiple choice options
Integumentary System
Consists of skin and related structures, such as hair and nails. It forms a covering for
the body, helps to regulate body temperatures, and contains some of the structures
necessary for sensation.
Skeletal System
Forms the basic framework of the body. It consists primarily of bones, joints, and
cartilage. It protects and supports body organs and enables us to move around,
because the bones contain bone marrow they also produce most of the blood cells
Muscular System
Has three types of muscles. Skeletal muscles attach to the bones and are responsible
for movement of the skeleton and the maintenance of they body posture. Cardiac
muscles are found in the heart and enable the heart to pump blood throughout the body.
Smooth muscles are found in various organs and tubes.
Vascular Smooth Muscle
Helps move blood through the blood vessels.
What are three types of muscles that are in the muscular system
Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
Nervous System
Made up of brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs. Decisions made by the brain
and spinal cord are transmitted along motor nerves to various body structures to elicit a
response such as leg movement.
Endocrine System
Contains numerous glands that secrete hormones and chemical substances that
regulate body activities such as growth, reproduction, metabolism, and water balance.
Circulatory System
Consists of the blood, heart, and blood vessels. This system pumps (heart) and
transports (blood vessels) blood throughout the body. Blood carries nutrients and
oxygen to all the body's cells and also carries the waste away from the cells to the
organ of excretion.
Lymphatic System
