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Blood Donation and

Blood Bank

Blood Donation

DEFINITIONS

• Autologous
  • derived from organisms of the self; same individual; "autologous blood donation"
• Heterologous
  • derived from organisms of a different but related species; "a heterologous blood donation”

TYPE OF BLOOD DONATION

WHOLE BLOOD

DONATION

APHERESIS

DONATION

AUTOLOGOUS

BLOOD DONATION

APHERESIS DONATION Sometimes, patients need only a specific part of a donor's blood. To help these people, donations of individual blood components such as platelets or plasma are required. Such donations are known as apheresis donations. Apheresis is the process of separating blood into its different components: Platelets, Red Blood Cells (RBCs) and Plasma. Platelet donations allow us to collect what our patients need and return the rest of the blood to the donor.

AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD DONATION

• An autologous blood donation is when a person donates blood for their own use before or during a scheduled surgery.

DONOR SECLECTION Two crucial factors for safe blood products

• Accurate donor screening or selection
• Accurate laboratory testing on each unit collected PRINCIPLES OF DONOR SELECTION
• Giving blood does not harm the donor (must be in a good health)
• Donated blood loss is restored rapidly and completely
• The blood must not harm the recipient

DONOR SCREENING (1,2,3)

1. Registration of the donor Demographic date:

• Full name, address, Gender, Age (18-55 years)
• Date of last donation if any
• Whole blood should be 3 months
• Apheresis 2 weeks
• Autologous depends on the requirement
• Weight
• Should be >45 Kgs

Female donors cannot donate blood……

• During pregnancy
• After delivery for one year
• When lactating Male donors cannot donate blood……
• If consumed Alcohol in the previous 24 hours

3. Physical examination n Determination of hemoglobin n Males Hb: >12.5 g/dl n Females Hb: >12.0 g/dl n Pulse (50-100 beats/min) n Blood pressure (Maximum 140/90 mm Hg) n Temperature (Maximum 37. 0 C) n Donor weight

1. Minimum 45 Kgs
2. Amount of blood to be drawn: (Donor wt. in Kg÷50) X 450

BROAD PRINCIPLES OF DONOR SELECTION

• Giving blood does not harm the donor
• Donated blood loss is restored rapidly and completely
• The blood must not harm the recipient

WHY DOES ONE DONATE?

• Volunteer donation
• Donation to replace products used
• Donation to cover family and friends
• Donation for payment
  • The last category, paid donors are not used in today’s blood banks
• Motivation such as time off, T-shirts, coffee cups and pens are not considered direct payment for donation.

POST DONATION INSTRUCTIONS

• If there is bleeding from the site where the needle was placed raise your arm and apply pressure
• If you feel dizzy or faint, lie down or sit down, placing your head lower than your knees
• If either bleeding or faintness persists, return to blood bank
• If you become ill in the next 3 to 4 days, contact the department with information on our illness THANK YOU FOR YOUR DONATION. WE HOPE TO SEE YOU AGAIN SOON!

DONOR REACTIONS

• Sudden fainting due to hypotension
• Neurophysiological response
  • Apprehension, first time donor, female
  • Emotional stress
  • Sight of blood
• Prevention
  • Donor screening
  • Psychological support through positive donor-staff relationship and reassurance
  • Physical comfort like temperature and surrounding environment