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Various topics related to logical reasoning, including the identification of logical fallacies, such as the fallacy of denying the antecedent and the fallacy of affirming the consequent, as well as the concept of counterexamples. It provides examples and explanations of these concepts, helping readers understand the principles of valid and invalid arguments. The document also discusses the steps involved in the counterexample method, which is a technique used to assess the validity of an argument. Overall, this resource is valuable for students and learners interested in developing their critical thinking and logical reasoning skills.
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A(n) form is one that has some invalid substitution instances. - correct answer ✔✔invalid argument Identify a correct example of the fallacy of denying the antecedent from the following. - correct answer ✔✔If it rains, the soil is wet. It does not rain. The soil is not wet. Identify a correct feature of a counterexample. - correct answer ✔✔All counterexamples of an argument form are not equally effective. Identify a correct statement about a good counterexample to an argument. - correct answer ✔✔A good counterexample is a substitution instance of a given argument. True or false: The fallacy of affirming the consequent denies the antecedent of its conditional premise. - correct answer ✔✔False The fallacy of _____ follows the following argument form: 1. If A, then B. 2. Not A. So, 3. Not B. - correct answer ✔✔denying the antecedent "If Samuel wins the lottery, he will buy a house. Samuel buys a house. So, Samuel has won the lottery." This is an example of the fallacy of _____. - correct answer ✔✔affirming the consequent "If the temperature falls, it will become colder. The temperature does not fall. So, it will not become colder." This is an example of the fallacy of _____. - correct answer ✔✔denying the antecedent An counterexample to an argument form is a substitution instance in which the premises are true and the conclusion is false. - correct answer ✔✔True. Pick out the correct example of a categorical statement. - correct answer ✔✔All ministers are human beings.
to an argument form is a substitution instance in which the premises are well-known truths and the conclusion is a well-known falsehood. - correct answer ✔✔good counterexample "The class of presidents." In the given phrase, the word "presidents" is a(n) _____. - correct answer ✔✔Term The fallacy of _____ follows the following argument form: 1. If A, then B. 2. B. So, 3. A. - correct answer ✔✔affirming the consequent The first step of the counterexample method is to _____. - correct answer ✔✔identify the most logically sensitive form of the argument and use capital letters to stand for terms Pick out the correct example of the fallacy of affirming the consequent. - correct answer ✔✔If Henry lies, he sweats. Henry sweats. So, Henry lies. True or false: The counterexample method uses capital letters to stand for statements and terms of the argument form. - correct answer ✔✔True "Some cars are vehicles." This is an example of a(n) _____ statement. - correct answer ✔✔categorical is a word or phrase that stands for a class of things. - correct answer ✔✔Term The last step of the counterexample method is to _____. - correct answer ✔✔recheck the procedure and prove the validity or invalidity of the argument