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Image Production - ARRT X-RAY BOARD
EXAM
The resistance of electric flow through a circuit is measured in: A. Volts B. Amperes C. Ohms D. Joules - correct answer C. Ohms A circuit with a single path for electric current flow is defined as a(n): A. Parallel circuit B. Closed circuit C. Series circuit D. Open circuit - correct answer C. Series circuit The degree of resistance provided by an individual resistor within a circuit is measured in: A. Volts B. Watts C. Ohms D. Amperes - correct answer C. Ohms Within a circuit, the letter ( I ) is used to represent A. Voltage B. Resistance
C. Current D. Watts - correct answer C. Current Within a series circuit, total resistance can be calculated by: A. Multiplying the ohms of all resistors within the circuit B. Summing the ohms of all resistors within the circuit C. Subtracting the ohms of all resistors within the circuit - correct answer B. Summing the ohms of all resistors within the circuit Electrical current is measured in units of: A. Watts B. Volts C. Amperes D. Ohms - correct answer C. Amperes What is the total current (in amperes) of a series circuit with 220 volts and 20 ohms? A. 240 amperes B. 4,400 amperes C. 11 amperes D. 220 amperes - correct answer C. 11 amperes Within a parallel circuit, the breaking of a single path will stop the follow of electricity throughout the entire circuit. A. True B. False - correct answer B. False
Within the Ohm's triangle, total voltage is found by _____________ ohms with ampers. A. Adding B. Dividing C. Multiplying D. Squaring - correct answer C. Multiplying What is the voltage of a parallel circuit with a total resistance of 5 ohms and total current of 0.5 amps? A. 10 V B. 5.5 V C. 2.5 V - correct answer C. 2.5 V Electrical resistance, measured in Ohms, is sometimes represented by the letter: A. I B. A C. O D. R - correct answer D. R What is the total voltage of a parallel circuit if the circuit has a current of 20 A and resistance of 5 ohms? A. 4 V B. 100 V C. 0.25 V - correct answer B. 100 V A new x-ray unit was installed at a local hospital. The engineering department needed to know the total voltage in order to properly power the unit. On one side of
the x-ray unit there was information stating that the unit's circuit had 250 A and 2,500 ohms. Using this information, calculate the voltage. A. 625,000 Volts B. 2,750 Volts C. 10 Volts - correct answer A. 625,000 Volts The first X-ray tube was referred to as the A. Coolidge tube B. Crookes tube C. Roentgen tube D. Electrode tube - correct answer B. Crookes tube Modern x-ray tubes are based on this design: A. Roentgen tube B. Crookes tube C. Coolidge tube D. Cathode ray tube - correct answer C. Coolidge tube The National Council for Radiation Protection (NCRP) Requirement for leakage radiation is A. < 10R/hr 1 meter from the tube B. < 100mR/hr 1 meter from the tube C. < 100mr 1 meter from the tube D. < 10mr/hr 1 meter from the tube - correct answer B. < 100mR/hr 1 meter from the tube The small filament causes:
A. 1 only B. 2 only C. 1 and 2 D. All of the above - correct answer B. 2 only The anode heel effect is defined as: A. Overheating of the anode due to uneven absorption of electrons. B. A radiographic phenomenon affecting the intensity of the x-ray beam. C. The production of x-ray photons after incident electrons strike the anode target. - correct answer B. A radiographic phenomenon affecting the intensity of the x-ray beam. The anode heel effect is defined as a radiographic phenomenon in which the intensity of the x-ray beam is increased towards the anode side of the x-ray tube. A. True B. False - correct answer B. False Decreasing the anode target angle results in:
- Decreased anode heat dissipation
- Decreased receptor exposure
- Decreased spatial resolution A. 1 only B. 1 and 2 C. 2 and 3 D. 1, 2, and 3 - correct answer B. 1 and 2
When performing a KUB or lumbar spine radiograph, the anode heel effect can be used to improve image quality by positioning the patient: A. With the lower abdomen placed under the anode side of the x-ray tube. B. With the upper abdomen placed under the cathode side of the x-ray tube. C. With the lower abdomen placed under the cathode side of the x-ray tube. - correct answer C. With the lower abdomen placed under the cathode side of the x-ray tube. The relationship between SID and the anode heel effect is defined as: A. Direct relationship B. Indirect relationship C. No relationship between SID and the anode heel effect - correct answer B. Indirect relationship Which of the following source-to-image distances will result in the LEAST amount of anode heel effect? A. 30" SID B. 40" SID C. 60" SID - correct answer C. 60" SID Increasing the imaging field size results in: A. Decreased anode heel effect. B. Increased anode heel effect. - correct answer B. Increased anode heel effect. Which of the following describes the effect of decreasing the anode angle:
- Decreased ability of the anode to absorb heat
- Increased anode heel effect
Which of the following describes the efficiency of x-ray photon production? A. High efficiency B. Low efficiency - correct answer B. Low efficiency What is the name of the area on the anode angle on which x-ray photons are produced? A. Effective Focal Spot B. Actual Focal Spot C. Focusing cup D. Anode heel - correct answer B. Actual Focal Spot Which of the following anode angles will provide the greatest spatial resolution in a radiographic image? A. 20° angle B. 6° angle C. 16° angle D. 12° angle - correct answer B. 6° angle Which of the following describes the optimal size of the anode angle for the purpose of mammography? A. Small anode angle B. Large anode angle - correct answer A. Small anode angle Select the anode angle that will provide the largest degree of heat dissipation during x-ray production.
A. 6°
B. 12°
C. 20°
D. 16° - correct answer C. 20° Select the primary advantages of having a larger anode angle for fluoroscopic imaging?
- Increased spatial resolution
- Greater ability to handle larger exposure output
- Greater ability to produce larger image field size A. 1 only B. 2 and 3 C. 1 and 3 D. 1, 2, and 3 - correct answer B. 2 and 3 A larger anode angle will produce which of the following?
- Decreased spatial resolution
- Greater heat dissipation
- Larger effective focal spot size. A. 1 only B. 2 only C. 1 and 2 D. 1, 2, and 3 - correct answer D. 1, 2, and 3 What term best describes the area where the x-ray beam is projected towards the patient?
A Transformers can only function through the supply of DC current. A. True B. False - correct answer B. False A greater amount of wire windings on the primary side of the transformer will produce: A. Greater voltage B. Less voltage - correct answer B. Less voltage In order for a transformer to increase voltage it must have: A. Greater wire windings on the primary side B. Less wire windings on the primary side - correct answer B. Less wire windings on the primary side A transformer with 100 wire windings on the primary side and 500 wire winding on the secondary side would have a ratio of A. 500: B. 2: C. 5:1 - correct answer C. 5: What type of transformer would have a turn ratio of 0.5:1? A. Step-up B. Step-down - correct answer B. Step-down FInd the new voltage using the Transformer law formula: Secondary voltage = 100
Primary voltage = x Secondary turns = 50 Primary turns = 200 A. 450 volts B. 400 Volts C. 250 volts D. 150 volts - correct answer B. 400 Volts This type of current must be delivered to the X-Ray tube for the production of photons to occur. A. Alternating Current (AC) B. Direct Current (DC) - correct answer B. Direct Current (DC) The rectifier's role within the X-ray circuit is to: A. Convert low voltage to high voltage B. Convert high voltage to low voltage C. Convert AC to DC D. Convert DC to AC - correct answer C. Convert AC to DC Select the term that describes the main component used within a rectifier(s) A. Rheostat B. Diode C. Transformer D. Generator - correct answer B. Diode
D. 25% - correct answer C. 4% Decreasing voltage ripple has what effect on image quality. A. Decreases B. Increases C. Does not affect image quality - correct answer B. Increases With all factors remaining constant, a generator with 100% percent voltage ripple will have this effect on receptor exposure. A. Increase receptor exposure B. Decrease receptor exposure C. No effect on receptor exposure - correct answer B. Decrease receptor exposure In the event the X-ray machine attempts to draw too much power, damage to the entire circuit is prevented by the: A. Auto transformer B. Rectifier circuit C. Circuit breaker D. Line compensator - correct answer C. Circuit breaker The technologist chooses the desired kVp setting using the autotransformer through a process called: A. Self induction B. Mutual induction C. Rectification
D. Voltage ripple - correct answer A. Self induction The exposure timer is: A. Connected to the autotransformer B. Located on the primary side of the x ray circuit C. Located on the secondary side of the filament circuit D. Located on the secondary side of the x ray circuit - correct answer B. Located on the primary side of the x ray circuit The step-up transformer changes voltage through a process called: A. Self induction B. Rectification C. Line compensation D. Mutual induction - correct answer D. Mutual induction There are more turns of wire on the: A. Secondary side of the step-up transformer B. Primary side of the step-up transformer C. Secondary side of the auto transformer D. Primary side of the auto transformer - correct answer A. Secondary side of the step-up transformer Voltage supplied from the autotransformer is considered: A. High voltage produced through mutual induction B. Low voltage produced through self induction C. High voltage produced through self induction
C. A single core of wire wrapped around an iron core D. The kVp meter to select desired kilo-voltage - correct answer C. A single core of wire wrapped around an iron core The x-ray circuit requires alternating current (AC): A. True B. False - correct answer A. True The rectification system converts: A. DC into AC B. AC/DC into kilovolts C. AC into DC D. Kilovolts into AC/DC - correct answer C. AC into DC The step-up transformer is responsible for: A. Converting low voltage into kilo-voltage B. Converting voltage using the process of self induction C. Converting kilo-voltage into low voltage D. Converting voltage using the process of independent induction - correct answer A. Converting low voltage into kilo-voltage Tube current is measured in: A. amperage B. mA C. Voltage D. Kilo-voltage - correct answer B. mA
When potential difference (kVp) is applied across the x-ray tube, current flows from: A. Cathode to anode B. The mA meter to the kVp meter C. The kVp meter to the mA meter D. Anode to cathode - correct answer A. Cathode to anode The rectification system is located: A. On the primary side of the x-ray circuit B. Between the autotransformer and the step-up transformer C. Between the secondary side of the step-up transformer and the x-ray tube D. Between the primary side of the step up transformer and the x-ray tube - correct answer C. Between the secondary side of the step-up transformer and the x-ray tube The secondary circuit contains: A. The autotransformer, the step-up transformer, and the x-ray tube B. The primary side of the step-up transformer, the kVp meter, and the x-ray tube C. The rectification system, the step-down transformer, and the x-ray tube D. The secondary side of the step-up transformer, the rectification system, and the x-ray tube E. The autotransformer, the step-down transformer, and the x-ray tube - correct answer D. The secondary side of the step-up transformer, the rectification system, and the x-ray tube X-ray photons are produced when electrons produced at the tungsten filament interact with the:
