Addressing Information Sharing and Security in Dynamic Coalitions, Slides of Introduction to Database Management Systems

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Information Sharing and Security in

Dynamic Coalitions

Overview of Presentation

• Introduction and Motivation
• Preparedness Scenarios (Civilian and Military)
• The Dynamic Coalition Problem
  • Civilian Organizations
  • Military Involvement/GCCS
• Information Sharing and Security
  • Federating Resources
  • Database Interoperability
  • Syntax, Semantics, and Pragmatics
  • Data Integrity
  • Access Control
• Conclusions and Future Work

Crises in 2005

• Tidal Wave in Southeast Asia
• Hurricanes in US
  • Katrina – Louisiana and Mississippi
  • Rita – Texas and Louisiana
• Mudslides in Guatemala
• Earthquake in Pakistan/India
• Key Issues for US Crises:
  • Both Hurricanes Involved Large Populations of Underinsured and Uninsured
  • Rita had Notice – Evacuation Hampered/Slow
  • Relief Hampered by Total Failure of Power, Particularly in New Orleans
  • Coalitions Difficult to Form and Utilize

Crises in 2007

• October 2007 Fires in Southern California
  • What is the Typical Impacted Family?
  • Middle to Upper Middle Class?
  • Insured vs. Uninsured?
  • Individuals Evacuated Great Distances from their Homes
  • Difficulty in Tracking Medical Records
• Residual Smoke Causing Respiratory Issues Elsewhere
  • Impact on Cities and Urban Areas
  • Underinsured and Uninsured Populations
• Coalition Must Systematically Deal with Both

Population Groups from the Same Event

Emergent Need for Coalitions

• “Coalitions must be flexible and no one coalition is or

has the answer to all situations.” » Secretary of Defense, Donald Rumsfeld

• “Whenever possible we must seek to operate

alongside alliance or coalition forces, integrating their capabilities and capitalizing on their strengths.” » U.S. National Security Strategy

• “Currently, there is no automated capability for passing

command and control information and situational awareness information between nations except by liaison officer, fax, telephone, or loaning equipment.” » Undersecretary of Defense for Advanced Technology

Dealing with Crises in CT

• Uninsured/Underinsured Patients are Difficult to

Manage/Treat from an Informatics Perspective

• Move from State Agency to Agency
• Visit Many Diverse Health Care Providers
• Incomplete/Inconsistent Data for Each Visit
• Treatment of Chronic Diseases is Difficult
• Consider Asthma – Many Different Types, Treatment Plans, Medication Regimes, etc.
• History, Symptoms, Past Meds, etc., all Vital to Deal with Current Problem
• Problematic with Incomplete/Missing History
• One Individual at a Time – What Happens when there is a

State-Wide Event that Impacts 10,000?

Consider Respiratory Event in CT

• What Happens if there is a Chemical Gas Release Off of

Route 91 North of Hartford?

• Deal with Patients with Respiratory Issues
• Assemble Appropriate Agencies/Personnel
  • Health Infrastructure/Ambulances/ERs
  • Integrate Patient Data from Myriad Sources
  • CT Agencies: EPA, Public Safety, PH
  • Gas Cloud Drifting – Weather/Wind Forecast
• Transcend Barriers of:
  • HIPAA
  • Disparate Databases from Federal/State Agencies,

Hospitals, Clinics, Insurers, Pharmacies, etc.

Consider Respiratory Event in CT

• Dealing with Different Patient Populations?
• Insured Populations:
  • Less Dispersed Profile of Medical Visits
  • Easier to Obtain Compete Patient Records
• Underinsured/Uninsured Populations:
  • Varied/Disparate Visit Profile
  • Changing Addresses/Homeless
  • Cycle Among State Agencies, Providers
  • Higher Rates of Respiratory Illnesses
• Coalitions Need to Deal with All Potential Patients
• Difficulty with Underinsured/Uninsured Populations Means

Potential for Incorrect Care

Mission Areas for Scenarios

• Emergency Assessment/Diagnosis
  • Detect Incident, Determine Impact, Monitor Environment, Notify Governments
• Emergency Management/Response
  • Direct, Control, Coordinate Response
  • Prove Emergency Public Information for
    • Population at Risk
    • Population at Large
• Incident/Hazard Mitigation
  • Control, Collect, and Contain Incident
• Public Protection
  • Provide Initial Warnings to at Risk/at Large
  • Shelters, Evacuation, Transportation, etc.

Mission Areas for Scenarios

• Victim Care
  • Treat Victims at Scene, Transport, etc.
  • Treat Patients at Medical Facilities
  • Track and Notify/Security of Evidence
• Investigation/Apprehension
  • Cause of Attack – Even a Gas Leak needs to be Checked to Insure NOT Terrorist Act
  • Evidence of Crime Must be Preserved
• Recovery/Remediation
  • Restore Essential Services, Businesses, Economy, Return Evacuees
  • Provide Support for Area, Victims, Long-Term Medical & Mental Health Services, etc.

Scenario 6: Chemical Attack

• Key Implications

– 7,000 in Actual Downwind Area

– Half will Die Before/During Treatment

– Additional 15% Hospitalization

– 70,000 Worried Well (Seek/Don’t Need Care)

– Long-Term Carcinogens, Damage to Internal

Organs, Eyes

Scenario 10: Natural Disaster

• Emergency Assessment/Diagnosis
  • Direct Impact (Infrastructure) plus Indirect Impact (Causes Another Event)
• Emergency Management/Response
  • Infrastructure Loss – Difficulty in Notification
• Incident/Hazard Mitigation
  • Wide Range of Potential Hazards
  • Potable Water, Power (Heat), etc.
• Public Protection
  • Problematic – Tied to Advance Warning
• Victim Care
  • Wide Ranging w.r.t. Diseases/Injuries

What is the Dynamic Coalition

Problem?

• Dynamic Coalition Problem (DCP) is the Inherent Security,

Resource, and/or Information Sharing Risks that Occur as a

Result of the Coalition Being Formed Quickly

• Private Organizations (PVO)
  • Doctors Without Boarders
  • Red Cross
• Non-Government Organizations (NGO)
  • NYPD
• Government Agencies
  • FBI
  • CIA
  • Military

AFATDS FADD

GCCS-A

MCS

ASAS

CSSCS

Other

ABCS

U.N.

U.S.A

NGO/ PVO

NATO

Marine Corps

Air Force Navy

Army

GCCS

Battle Management System

Joint Command System

Army Battle Command System

Combat Operations System

U.S. Global C2 Systems

DC for Military

Deployment/Engagement

LFCS Canada

SICF France

HEROS Germany

SIACCON Italy

OBJECTIVES :

Securely Leverage Information in a

Fluid Environment

Protect Information While Simultaneously

Promoting the Coalition

Security Infrastructure in Support of DCP