Institutional Programs - Criminal Law - Lecture Slides, Slides of Criminal Law

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Institutional

Programs

“Prison program”

• any formal, structured

activity that takes prisoners

out of their cells and sets

them to instrumental tasks

definition

5 types of prison programs

rehabilitative programs

increase likelihood inmates will lead a crime-free life upon release

industrial programs production of sellable goods & services outside prison, in “free” market

recreational programs provide organized social, physical, & intellectual leisure activities

maintenance programs provide services essential to upkeep & operation of prison

medical programs provide medical services to inmates

Factors limiting potential prison

programs

• security
  • need to minimize ability of inmates to obtain

weapons or contraband

• also limits potential effectiveness of some

programs (eg, group therapy) which require

meaningful inmate interaction

• principle of least eligibility
  • prisoners can’t have it ‘better’ than citizens
  • eg, elimination of inmate Pell grants (college)
• classification
  • risk of escape, violence, future criminality

conflicting concerns in classification

process

offender

RISK

offender

NEEDS

factors: age offense severity prior prison record dangerousness

= management tool to ‘group’ inmates appropriately

factors: batteries of tests psychiatric eval’s counseling

testing & diagnostics to determine

= diagnostic tool to identify inmate treatment needs

new “objective”

classification sytems

predictive

models

use statistical techniques to identify classification factors

equity-

based

models

use explicitly defined legal variables as classification factors

• risk of escape
• risk of misconduct
• **risk of future crime

1. each factor is assigned** **points****.
2. total points defines security level**
   • offense
   • various criminal characteristics

alternative systems which seek to remove subjective judgments by classifier

“psychotherapy”

• in general terms, all forms of

“treatment of the mind,” i.e., in which therapy address the individual’s thoughts and emotions; in the prison setting, these therapies are coercive in nature.

most experts agree that mental abnormalities play an insignificant role in criminality of most offenders.

definition

“coercive therapy”

• treatment in which the therapist

determines the need for (and the

goals of) treatment processes,

whether or not the client agrees

definition

types of group therapy

used in prison

therapies focusing on thought processes

reality therapy

cognitive skill building

confrontational

therapy (a technique)

transactional analysis

“reality therapy”

• treatment emphasizing an

offender’s personal responsibility

for actions and the very real

consequences of their actions -

for themselves and others

aim: get individual to behave

more responsibly

definition

“transactional

analysis”

• treatment focusing on how a person

interacts with others, focusing on

patterns that indicate personal

problems

focus is on roles people play; 3 ego

states

parent: judging and controlling

adult: mature, realistic, and ethical

child: playful, dependent, naughty

aim: help offenders realize their

definition

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“cognitive skill

building”

• a form of behavior therapy focusing

on changing the thinking & reasoning

patterns that accompany criminal

behavior

also called “cognitive restructuring

belief is that offenders develop

antisocial patterns of reasoning that

make them believe criminal behavior

makes sense

definition

“token economy”

• a type of behavior therapy that uses

payments (such as tokens) to

reinforce desirable behaviors in an

institutional environment

certain benefits (eg, TV, privileges,

free time) must be ‘purchased’ with

tokens

offender receives tokens as rewards

for appropriate behavior and task

completion

definition

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“social therapy”

“milieu therapy” / “positive peer culture”

• treatment that attempts to make the

institutional environment supportive of

prosocial attitudes & behaviors

beliefs:

offenders learn lawbreaking values & behaviors in social settings from peers to whom they attach importance true change occurs when offenders take responsibility for social climate in which they live

aims: develop prosocial environment within prison to help offender develop noncriminal ways of coping

definition