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This study guide defines key information systems and cybersecurity concepts. It covers address spoofing, AES encryption, antivirus, botnets, case tools, common carriers, viruses/worms, CRT, cyberwarfare, data breaches/centers/recovery, disruptive tech, electronic privacy, expert systems, feature creep, firewalls, and computer generations. Terms include heuristic analysis, ICT, identity theft, internet worms, JAD, last mile, malware, MIS, Moore's Law, OLTP, outsourcing, Patriot Act, pharming, PIECES, project failure, ransomware, resume formats, rootkits, SDLC, social engineering, spyware, STEM, strong passwords, system risk, testing, TPS, Trojans, and whistleblowing. It aids students preparing for information systems and cybersecurity exams with essential terminology.
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Address Spoofing - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Using a fake IP or email address to conceal the origin of a packet or message. AES - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stands for: Advanced Encryption Standard how/why its used: encryption algorithm that uses multiple steps to encrypt data. encryption standard currently used worldwide.
Antivirus Program - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A computer program used to identify, isolate, and eliminate viruses by scanning files as they arrive, leave, or are executed. looks for and eliminates viruses, trojans, worms, and other malware. Botnet - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A group of bots under the remote control of a botmaster, used to distribute spam and denial-of-service attacks. common type of online intrusions. Botnet malware opens ports on victims' computers. Case Tool - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stands for: computer-aided software engineering how/why its used: Software that is used to summarize system requirements, diagram current and proposed information systems, schedule development tasks, prepare documentation, and develop computer programs. Common Carrier - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A person or company, such as Delta Airlines or AT&T, that transports goods or data for the general public. subject to a set of government regulations. Computer Virus - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A program designed to attach itself to a file, reproduce, destroy data, display an irritating message, or otherwise disrupt computer operations. Computer Worm - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A software program designed to enter a computer system, usually a network, through security "holes" and then replicate itself and spread to other devices. CRT - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stands for: cathode ray tube
Expert Systems - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A computer system that incorporates knowledge from human experts, in order to analyze data and produce a recommendation or decision (also called a knowledge-based system). (2% chance of success) Feature Creep - ✔✔✔ANSWER-An undesirable occurrence during information system development when users, customers, or designers attempt to add features after the final specifications have been approved. Firewall - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Software or hardware designed to analyze and control incoming and outgoing packets on a network; used to enhance security by filtering out potential intrusion attempts. First-generation computers - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Computers, such as UNIVAC, that used vacuum tubes to process and store data. characterized by custom application programs made to order for the specific task the computer was to perform. fourth-generation computers - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Computers, such as today's personal computers, servers, and mainframes, that use a general-purpose microprocessor for data processing. (INTEL) Heuristic Analysis - ✔✔✔ANSWER-In the context of antivirus software, the process of identifying malware based not on a signature, but on other factors, such as context and behavior. ICT Core Industries - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stands for: information and communications technology core industries
what they are: software publishing, hardware manufacturing, support services, online and cloud services, retail and wholesale, telecommunications Identity Theft - ✔✔✔ANSWER-An illegal practice in which a criminal obtains enough information to masquerade as someone. Internet Worm - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A type of malware that spreads over the Internet, usually by sending itself to random IP addresses. looks for vulnerable spots in operating system. JAD - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stands for: joint application design how/why its used: A widely accepted design technique that is based on the idea that the best information systems are designed when end users and systems analysts work together on a project as equal partners. Last Mile - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A term used in the telecommunication industry to describe the wiring segment that connects a home or business to the common carrier's system. Malware - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Programs such as viruses, worms, and bots designed to disrupt computer operations. MIS - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stands for: management information system how/why its used: A type of information system that manipulates the data collected by a transaction processing system to generate reports that managers can use to make business decisions.
Social Engineering - ✔✔✔ANSWER-(SE) Methods for tricking people into engaging in non-secure activities, such as clicking on links and downloading infected files. Spyware (m) - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Any software that covertly gathers user information without the user's knowledge, usually for advertising purposes. STEM - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stands for: science, technology, engineering, and mathematics how/why its used: An acronym used to describe educational and career sectors that focus on hard sciences Strong Passwords - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A password that is difficult to guess or to discover using password-cracking software. System risk - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Types: Natural disasters, power outages, equipment failures, human errors, software failures, acts of war, security vulnerabilities Testing - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Different types of testing during the implementation phase help identify and fix problems before the information system is incorporated into day-to-day business activities. The process of testing newly developed application software by running unit tests, integration tests, and system tests. Third-generation computers - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Computers characterized by using integrated circuits instead of transistors or vacuum tubes for data processing. (IBM
