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Online Certificate Course ion Intellectual I Property Rights
ONLINE CERTIFICATE COURSE ION I
INTELLECTUAL I PROPERTY I RIGHTS
INTRODUCTION IOF INTELLECTUAL IPROPERTY IRIGHTS
1. WHAT IIS IINTELLECTUAL IPROPERTY?
Intellectual iProperty i(IP) iis ikind iof iproperty ithat iincludes iintangible icreations iof ihuman
iintellect. iIt iis ia icreation iof ihuman imind ithat ican ibe ia iresearch, ilogo, iinvention, idrawing ior
ipainting, imusical icompositions ietc. iBasically, iIntellectual iProperty iis ian iintangible iright
iwhich ican ibe iexercised iin irespect iof itangible iwork. iIntellectual iProperty iis itreated ias ia
imovable iproperty iand ican ibe iassigned iand itransferred. iIntellectual iProperty ilaws iprovide ithe
iowner iof isuch irights ito iexclusively iuse ihis iIntellectual iProperty iat ihis idesire iand ialso iprevent
iothers ifrom iusing iit iwithout iowner’s ipermission.
Basically, iIntellectual iproperty iis ian iumbrella ifor ia iset iof iintangible iassets ior iassets ithat iare inot
iphysical iin inature. iIt iis iowned iand ilegally iprotected iby ia icompany ifrom ioutside iuse ior
iimplementation iwithout iconsent. iIntellectual iproperty ican irepresent ia competitive
iadvantage and ias ia iresult, iis ifiercely iguarded iand iprotected iby ithe icompanies ithat iown ithe
iproperty.
Thus, ithe icharacteristics iof iIntellectual iProperty iare:
Creation iof iHuman imind;
It iis ian iintangible iright iover itangible iwork;
It iis imovable iproperty iwhich iis iassignable iand itransferable;
The iowner iof iIP ihas iabsolute iand iexclusive iright iover iit; iand
IP iexists ionly iunder ilaw ithat imeans iit iis ia ilegal iright.
Online Certificate Course ion Intellectual I Property Rights 2
2. THE ICONCEPT IOF IINTELLECTUAL IPROPERTY
Generally, ithe iintellectual iproperty ilaw iaims iat isafeguarding icreators iand iother iproducers iof
iintellectual igoods iand iservices iby igranting ithem icertain itime-limited irights ito icontrol ithe iuse
imade iof ithose iproductions. iThe iconcept iof iIP ibegins iin i 500 iBCE iin ia iGreek istate iwhich
iprovided iIP ilaws ito ithe icitizen. iA iVenetian iLaw iof i 1474 imade ithe ifirst isystematic iattempt ito
iprotect iinventions iby ia iform iof ipatent, iwhich igranted ian iexclusive iright ito ian iindividual ifor
ithe ifirst itime. iIn ithe isame icentury, ithe iinvention iof imovable itype iand ithe iprinting ipress iby
iJohannes iGutenberg iaround i1450, icontributed ito ithe iorigin iof ithe ifirst icopyright isystem iin ithe
iworld. iThe iInternational iIntellectual iProperty isystem ialso istarted ito itake ishape iwith ithe isetting
iup iof ithe iParis iConvention ifor ithe iProtection iof iIndustrial iProperty iin i 1883 iand ithe iBerne
iConvention ifor ithe iProtection iof iLiterary iand iArtistic iWorks iin i1886. iThe iConvention
iestablishing ithe iWorld iIntellectual iProperty iOrganization i(1967) igives ithe ifollowing ilist iof
ithe isubject imatter iprotected iby iintellectual iproperty irights:
Literary, iartistic iand iscientific iworks;
Performances iof iperforming iartists, iphonographs, iand ibroadcasts;
Inventions iin iall ifields iof ihuman iendeavour;
Scientific idiscoveries;
Trademarks, iservice imarks, iand icommercial inames iand idesignations;
Protection iagainst iunfair icompetition; iand
All iother irights iresulting ifrom iintellectual iactivity iin ithe iindustrial, iscientific, iliterary
ior iartistic ifields.
With ithe iestablishment iof ithe iWorld iTrade iOrganization i(WTO), ithe iimportant irole iof ithe
iintellectual iproperty iprotection ihas ibeen icrystallized iin ithe iTrade iRelated iIntellectual iProperty
iSystems i(TRIPS) iAgreement. iIt iwas inegotiated iat ithe iend iof ithe iUruguay iRound iof ithe
iGeneral iAgreement ion iTariffs iand iTrade i(GATT) itreaty iin i1994. iThe iTRIPS iAgreement
iencompasses, iall iforms iof iintellectual iproperty iand iaims iat iharmonizing iand istrengthening
istandards iof iprotection iand iproviding ifor ieffective ienforcement iat iboth inational iand
iinternational ilevels. iThe iTRIPS iAgreement icame iinto ieffect ion i 1 iJanuary i 1995 iand iit iis ithe
imost icomprehensive imultilateral iagreement ion iintellectual iproperty. iAs idiscussed iabove,
ihistorically ithe ifirst isystem iof iprotection iof iintellectual iproperty icame iin ithe iform iof iVenetian
iOrdinance iin i1485. iIt iwas ifollowed iby iStatute iof iMonopolies iin iEngland iin i1623, iwhich
