Internet and Intranet Computing, Lecture notes of Technology

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Internet and

Intranet

Computing

By

Thomas Greene, Ph. D. Laboratory for Computer ScienceMassachusetts Institute of Technology

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Universities & Research Labs

humanity’s greatest institutions

Special places set aside to dream and to build.A university is a place designed to give 18-22 year

olds “ a dream to last a lifetime”.

A Research Lab is a place “to go where no one has

gone before”.

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Once Upon a time … or

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A long time ago, in a galaxy far, far, away…

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If you are like me you, are already hooked andready to settle in to hear a fairy tale, to enter anenchanted world. Let’s not ...

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Instead, let us re-enter our own real world andnotice it is enchanted. Two accidents that couldnot happen, did! The Internet and the Web.

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Internet Definition

The Internet is a public, cooperative, and self-sustaining facility

accessible to hundreds of millions of people worldwide.Physically, the Internet uses a portion of the total resources ofthe currently existing public telecommunication networks.

What distinguishes the Internet is its use of a set of protocols

called TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/InternetProtocol). Two recent adaptations of Internet technology, theintranet and the extranet, also make use of the TCP/IP protocol.

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What is else is the Internet? The Internet is a global implementation of technologyBecause it delivers information globally and (across

language barriers) it is a change accelerator. good /bad ?? it just is.

For many of us it is “WEBNET” -

The World Wide Web running on the Internet.

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IP -routers

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End Nodes and Routers

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The Internet Story

•see http://www.lcs.mit.edu/impact/

By Dave Clark

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Accident 1 - The Internet

A government project for defense department use connects some research

universities, Arpanet - ARPA contractors only ... A spooling program on one company’s computer connects a university by

telephone to another university - Bitnet! Connect Bitnets in the US to Bitnets in Europe & elsewhere connect

Arpanet to BitNets for etc. Connect all nets , normalize on TCP/IP--

The Internet.

Oops! the world is connected by internet links, email flows freely, even

when some governments would like to stop it, or other institutions witha desire to control information flow would like to limit it.

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A story...

• In

1983, I returned to Saudi Arabia and worked with some people to build a BITNET system connecting Universities in SaudiArabia, Bahrain and Kuwait. It became GULFNET.

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IBM was willing to pay for a telephone line to connect GULFNETto EARN (European Academic Reserach NET which had alreadybeen connected to the US. At the last moment, permission tocoinnect was withheld.

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Someone with an agenda different from mine had decided that anopen email link to the world was not that useful.

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Gatekeeping is a serious job

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Human institutions (government, education, religious andindustrial) have agendas they enforce around the globe or in thevillage.

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Commercial institutions use the strategy - run a gate across aroadway and collect tolls. Other institutions find bridges and limititems that are not on their agendas.

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Global connectivity is clearly a problem for non-global institutionsIf they had been asked, delay would have occurred until theintegrity of the agenda could be maintained.

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But no one asked -- Now the question -- who “controls” theinternet -- No one! OOPS.

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Happy Accidents

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I think we can all agree -- Global information connectivityis a good thing. The accident happened and it is a goodthing! (We just could not cause it to happen again.)

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The WEBNET - an accident. ---A fairy tale that is real.

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Why?

• TO BUILD --This will benefit your agendas by

allowing you to exchange ideas with other peopleeverywhere who share your agenda, ( of course thosewho oppose you can also exchange ideas).

• TO SELL -You can promote and distribute the contents

of your agrenda to all.

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Going to the Moon

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Glenn Larrymore -- “ I was a pro - I knew it wasimpossible.“

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How?

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Nobody told the kids!