Interviews-Modern Research Methods-Lecture Slides, Slides of Research Methods for Managers

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• Lecture -

Structured interview:

Data collection technique in which an interviewer

physically meets the respondent, reads them the same

set of questions in a predetermined order, and records

his or her response, usually with pre-coded answers.

Semi-structured interview:

Wide-ranging category of interview in which the

interviewer commences with a set of interview themes

but is prepared to vary the order in which questions

are asked and to ask new questions in the context of

the research situation. The responses/information/

data are recorded by note-taking, or perhaps by tape-

recording the conversation.

Unstructured/In-depth interview:

Loosely structured and informally conducted interview

that may commence with one or more themes to explore

with participants but without a predetermined list of

questions to work through. These are used to explore in

depth a general area in which one is interested; these are

therefore also known as in-depth interview. The

interviewee is given the opportunity to talk freely about

events, behavior and beliefs in relation to the topic area. It

is also referred to as informant interview, since it is the

interviewee’s perceptions that guide the conduct of

interview; as against respondent interview wherein the

interviewer directs the interview and interviewee

responds to the questions of researcher, as in earlier

two cases.

Data Quality Issues

Generalizability:

It may not be possible to make

generalizations about the entire

population where results are based on a

small and unrepresentative number of

cases.

Validity:

˃ High level of validity is possible to the extent to which

the researcher gains access to their participants’

knowledge and experience and because of the

interaction between researcher and interviewee which

allows meanings to be probed, topics to be covered

from a variety of angles and questions made clear to

the respondents.

Overcoming Data Quality Issues

The importance of preparation

• the 5 Ps

‘Prior

Planning

Prevents

Poor

Performance’

Overcoming Data Quality Issues

Checklist in Box 9.

provides guidelines on the following

aspects

1. Deciding whether to use semi-structured

and in-depth interviews

2. Aspects to consider before conducting a

semi-structured or in-depth interview

3. How to open the interview
4. How to conduct the interview
5. Recording the information

Questions used to further explore responses that are of significance to the

research topic.

Discussion on

Last week’s

Individual

Assignment 7(a)

‘Points learnt on questions

wording, questions

ordering and

questionnaire- layout’

Individual Assignment 8(a)

Each individual student should

Read Box 9.3 on

‘Checklist for the use of semi -structured and in-

depth interview’

Section 9.8 on

‘A final word about telephone and group

interviews’

And prepare a note on

‘Points learnt on:

(a) Use of semi-structured

(b) Use of unstructured/in-depth interview

(c) Telephone interview

(d) Group interview

SPSS Exercise 5

Last time, we conducted reliability test

of the raw data on responses. This

time, we will generate variables of

our interest (namely: JB, DJ, PJ, IJ &

InJ), using the same raw data on

responses, collected through Likert-

scale questionnaire. We need to

generate these variables because we

will have to estimate an econometric

model of following type:

JB = f(DL, PJ, IJ, InJ)