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cells ANSWER>>>>- What are the smallest units of life?
population, community, ecosystem, biosphere ANSWER>>>>- What list is a correct order
of biological organization?
adaptation ANSWER>>>>- A modification that makes organisms more suited to their
environment is called what?
archaea ANSWER>>>>- The life domain whose members live in very harsh environments,
such as salt lakes and hot springs, is what? identical to the experimental group in all areas except the variable being tested
ANSWER>>>>- During a scientific experiment, what is the control group?
proton ANSWER>>>>- The __________ is a subatomic particle that carries a positive
electrical charge.
octet rule ANSWER>>>>- When an atom has two or more electron shells, the outer shell
will be most stable if it contains eight electrons, what is this concept called?
molecule ANSWER>>>>- A ___________ is formed when two oxygen atoms join
together.
covalent ANSWER>>>>- What bond is the type of atomic bond in which atoms share
electrons to produce a completed outer shell?
hydrogen ANSWER>>>>- What kind of bond does the polarity of water molecules cause
them to be attracted to one another?
decreases ANSWER>>>>- As the number of hydrogen ions in a solution increases, the pH
of the solution does what?
lower density as ice ANSWER>>>>- During winter only the upper surface of a lake
freezes, which allows for life to persist below the surface...which of water's unique properties is responsible for this phenomenon?
oxygen ANSWER>>>>- What is the most abundant element by weight in the human
body?
nuclear envelope ANSWER>>>>- What keeps the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells separate
from the DNA?
chloroplasts ANSWER>>>>- What are the organelles that use solar energy to make
carbohydrates?
mitochondria ANSWER>>>>- What is the powerhouse of the cell?
gap ANSWER>>>>- The cell-to-cell junctions that allow cells to communicate are called
what kind of junctions?
coupled ANSWER>>>>- What kind of reaction does one release energy and the second
uses energy?
endocytosis ANSWER>>>>- Phagocytosis refers to a type of what?
osmosis ANSWER>>>>- What is the movement of water across a semipermeable
membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lesser concentration?
splitting water ANSWER>>>>- What does PS ll involve in the electron pathway for light
reactions in photosynthesis?
yellow orange ANSWER>>>>- What color will a plant that absorbs blue-violet-green
wavelengths of light reflect?
pineapple ANSWER>>>>- What is an example of a CAM plant?
RuBP ANSWER>>>>- What is the final step of the Calvin cycle that includes regeneration?
stomata ANSWER>>>>- Atmospheric carbon dioxide enters leaves through what?
electron transport chain cycle ANSWER>>>>- The largest energy yield during aerobic
respiration occurs after which stage?
6 carbon, 12 hydrogen, 6 oxygen ANSWER>>>>- A molecule of glucose contains what
atoms?
fermentation ANSWER>>>>- What process results in 2 ATP and a toxic end product?
water ANSWER>>>>- What is the other end product of cellular respiration other than
carbon dioxide?
heat ANSWER>>>>- During cellular respiration, the number of ATP molecules produced
equals about 40% of the energy available from a glucose molecule. The remainder of the energy is lost as what?
splindle ANSWER>>>>- Eukaryotic cells generally rely on a cytoskeletal structure called
a/an _____________ to pull chromatids apart.
prophase 1 ANSWER>>>>- In meiosis, the exchange of genetic material between
nonsister chromatids occurs during what?
zygote ANSWER>>>>- The first cell that's informed when two gametes come together at
fertilization is called what?
four ANSWER>>>>- How many daughter cells result when a cell undergoes the process of
meiosis?
23 ANSWER>>>>- How many chromosomes are located in a single human gamete cell?
crossing over ANSWER>>>>- Which process occurs during meiosis but not mitosis?
heterozygous ANSWER>>>>- If an individual's alleles for a certain trait aren't identical,
the individual is said to be what?
all would have curly hair ANSWER>>>>- The allele for curly hair dominates the allele for
straight hair. If a homozygous man with straight hair, marries a homozygous curly-haired woman, we would expect their children to display which phenotypes?
all offsping will be brown with curly hair ANSWER>>>>- What would result if two terriers
are homozygous for both brown and curly hair alleles?
brown displays incomplete dominance over red ANSWER>>>>- If two terriers produced
pups that were reddish brown with curly hair, what does that mean?
all of the offspring will be orange ANSWER>>>>- What outcome would you expect if you
cross a homozygous red tulip with a homozygous yellow tulip if red is incompletely dominant over yellow?
x-linked ANSWER>>>>- Genes that can be passed on to offspring by a female carrier are
what?
environmental effect on gene expressions ANSWER>>>>- The ability of primroses with
the same genotype to express different phenotypes for flower color is an example of?
mRNA ANSWER>>>>- Which type of RNA carries the instructions for building proteins?
uracil ANSWER>>>>- Which one of the following bases occurs only in RNA?
semiconservative ANSWER>>>>- In DNA replication, one of the two old strands of DNA
remains as it was...so the DNA replication is called...what?
complementary base pairing ANSWER>>>>- The Watson and Crick model of DNA led to
the discovery of what?
AT, GC ANSWER>>>>- Which one of the following examples is the correct base pairing for
DNA?
vectors ANSWER>>>>- What acts as carriers for foreign DNA?
polymerase chain reaction ANSWER>>>>- The first step of what process denatures DNA
at 95 degrees Celsius to separate the strands?
proteomics ANSWER>>>>- What is crucial to the development of new drugs?
soybeans ANSWER>>>>- 94% of __________ in the United States is/are genetically
engineered?
bovine growth hormone ANSWER>>>>- What gene has been used to create larger fish
and rabbits?
dna microarray ANSWER>>>>- What can be used to test DNA samples for known
disease-causing mutated alleles?
placenta ANSWER>>>>- Chorionic villi sampling (CVS) involves drawing tissue samples
from the region where the __________ will develop.
gene therapy ANSWER>>>>- What is the process of transferring normal or modified
genes into an individual in an attempt to correct some type of genetic defect?
down syndrome ANSWER>>>>- A karyotype of a fetus finds that there are three number
21 chromosomes. This child will be afflicted with what?
deletion ANSWER>>>>- Williams syndrome results when a/an ______ occurs in
chromosome 7?
organisms compete for limited resources ANSWER>>>>- What is required for natural
selection to occur?
over generations, a larger portion exhibits favorable adaptations ANSWER>>>>- How can
you tell a population is evolving?
vestigal ANSWER>>>>- Humans have a tailbone but no tell, what kind of structure is this?
artificial ANSWER>>>>- From Darwin's point of view, when humans breed cattle for
certain traits, they're engaged in what kind of selection?
survival of the fittest ANSWER>>>>- As a result of reading Thomas Malthus on the topic
of human population increase, Darwin came up with what concept?
molecular ANSWER>>>>- Evidence suggests that life's diversity has come about as the
result of very slight differences in certain genes. This sort of observation is most likely to have arisen through examining _______________ evidence.
mutation ANSWER>>>>- What mechanism creates new alleles?
convergent ANSWER>>>>- In ___________ evolution, two species acquire traits similar
to those of very distantly related evolutionary ancestors.
hybrid sterility ANSWER>>>>- Which is a postzygotic isolating mechanism?
behavioral ANSWER>>>>- The courtship rituals performed by some male birds to attract
females of the same species are an example of ___________ isolation?
allopatric ANSWER>>>>- Speciation due to geographic barriers separating populations is
called what kind of speciation?
punctuated equilibrium ANSWER>>>>- All of the following have been implicated in mass
extinctions except for what? A) continental drift B) punctuated equilibrium C) meteorite impact D) loss of habitat
polyploidy ANSWER>>>>- Sympatric speciation may occur in plants due to what?
three-domain ANSWER>>>>- Recent advances in the field of systematics have led many
scientists to adopt a ___________ system of classification of organisms.
pathogens ANSWER>>>>- Infectious, disease-causing agents are called what?
photoautotrophs ANSWER>>>>- What are self-feeders that depend on sunlight to split
water and for the reduction of carbon dioxide?
bacillus ANSWER>>>>- A __________ is a rod shaped prokaryotic cell.
archaea ANSWER>>>>- Methanogens, extreme halophiles, and extreme
thermoacidophiles are all classified as what?
maturation ANSWER>>>>- In which phase of the lytic cycle do we observe the assembly
of viral components within a host cell?
amoebas ANSWER>>>>- Among protozoans, ciliates are to cilia as _________ are to
pseudopods?
water molds may be parasitic to both plants and animals ANSWER>>>>- Slime molds
differ from water molds in that what?
bioaccumulation ANSWER>>>>- What is not an example of a service provided by
beneficial bacteria?
endosymbotic theory ANSWER>>>>- What is the idea that the first eukaryotic cells arose
from beneficial associations between primitive eukaryotes and bacteria?
radial ANSWER>>>>- A sand dollar or a brittle star displays what kind of symmetry?
bony fishes ANSWER>>>>- The most diverse and numerous of the vertebrates are the
what?
porifera ANSWER>>>>- Sponges belong to phylum what?
octopus ANSWER>>>>- Among cephalopods, the _________ has been found to be highly
intelligent.
medusa ANSWER>>>>- What body forms of cnidarians are jellyfish examples of?
egg layer ANSWER>>>>- Among mammals, the spiny anteater is distinctive in that it's
a/an?
homo erectus ANSWER>>>>- The first hominid group known to use fire is now called
what?
planarians ANSWER>>>>- Free-living nonparasitic flatworms are called what?
annelids ANSWER>>>>- What are animals with repeating segments that exhibit bilateral
symmetry?
echinoderms ANSWER>>>>- Sea cucumbers, brittle stars, and sea urchins belong to the
phylum of what?
cartilaginous ANSWER>>>>- Sharks and skates are classified as what kind of fish?
pith ANSWER>>>>- The centrally located ground tissue of a eudicot stem is the what?
sclerenchyma ANSWER>>>>- What simple plant tissue has a number of commercial
uses?
mesophyll ANSWER>>>>- What is the plant tissue in which photosynthesis occurs?
two cotyledons ANSWER>>>>- What is not a trait of a monocot plant?
transpiration ANSWER>>>>- In the process of what, the evaporation of water creates a
tension that draws water upward from the root hairs?
protection ANSWER>>>>- What is the function of the root cap?
wood ANSWER>>>>- What is the secondary form of xylem that builds up year after year?
bacteria ANSWER>>>>- What helps plants "fix" needed nitrogen, are located in root
nodules?
organ system ANSWER>>>>- Cells are to tissues as organs are to what?
connective ANSWER>>>>- Blood is considered what type of tissue?
pseudostratified ANSWER>>>>- What epithelial tissue secretes mucus?
negative ANSWER>>>>- What feedback mechanisms are predominant in maintaining
homeostasis in the body?
skeletal ANSWER>>>>- Which type of muscular tissue is striated due to the presence of
actin and myosin filaments?
myelin ANSWER>>>>- Schwann cells are a type of neuroglia that surround nerve fibers
with a/an ____________ sheath.
respiratory ANSWER>>>>- What organ system is considered to be one of the body's
maintenance systems?
grasshopper ANSWER>>>>- What organism has an open circulatory system?
systole ANSWER>>>>- The heart of a vertebrate is in contraction during what?
plasma ANSWER>>>>- What isn't a formed element of blood?
right atrium ANSWER>>>>- Venous blood from the superior vena cava enters the human
heart at the what?
they don't belong to the body ANSWER>>>>- What is a true statement about antigens?
bile ANSWER>>>>- What breaks up fats through a process of emulsification?
alimentary canal, body wall ANSWER>>>>- The coelom separates the _________ from
the __________.
air sacs ANSWER>>>>- What modification to the respiratory system improves oxygen
intake in birds?
capillary ANSWER>>>>- To allow for gas exchange, the epithelium of an alveolus is snugly
adjacent to the epithelium of a ___________ , forming a respiratory membrane.
larynx ANSWER>>>>- The structure that allows humans to speak is the what?
absorption of water and salts ANSWER>>>>- The villi are to small-molecule nutrient
absorption as the large intestine is to the what?
