Study Notes – Computer Networks Basics
Introduction to Computer Networks
A computer network is a group of interconnected devices that can communicate and
share resources.
Networks can be wired (using cables) or wireless (using Wi-Fi or other radio signals).
Types of Networks
1. LAN (Local Area Network):
oCovers a small geographic area (home, office, school).
oHigh speed, low cost.
2. WAN (Wide Area Network):
oCovers large geographic areas (cities, countries).
oExample: The Internet.
3. PAN (Personal Area Network):
oVery short range, usually around one person.
oExample: Bluetooth connection between phone and headphones.
4. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network):
oCovers a city or large campus.
oFaster and more localized than WAN.
Network Devices
Router: Connects different networks and directs traffic.
Switch: Connects devices within a LAN and manages data flow.
Modem: Converts digital data to analog for Internet connection.
Basic Network Topologies
Star Topology: All devices are connected to a central hub.
Bus Topology: All devices are connected to a single communication line.
Ring Topology: Devices are connected in a circular fashion.
OSI Model – 7 Layers
1. Physical
2. Data Link
