Cryptography and
Network Security
Chapter 1
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Introduction to Internet Security: Concepts and Mechanisms, Slides of Cryptography and System Security
An introduction to internet security, focusing on measures to deter, prevent, detect, and correct security violations involving the transmission and storage of information. Definitions, security trends, osi security architecture, aspects of security, security attacks, security services, and security mechanisms.
Typology: Slides
2011/2012
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Cryptography and
Network Security
Chapter 1
Chapter 1 – Introduction
The art of war teaches us to rely not on the
likelihood of the enemy's not coming, but
on our own readiness to receive him; not
on the chance of his not attacking, but
rather on the fact that we have made our
position unassailable.
— The Art of War, Sun Tzu
Definitions
Computer Security - generic name for the collection of tools designed to protect data and to thwart hackers
Network Security - measures to protect data during their transmission
Internet Security - measures to protect data during their transmission over a collection of interconnected networks
Aim of Course
our focus is on Internet Security
which consists of measures to deter,
prevent, detect, and correct security
violations that involve the transmission &
storage of information
OSI Security Architecture
ITU-T X.800 “Security Architecture for OSI”
defines a systematic way of defining and
providing security requirements
for us it provides a useful, if abstract,
overview of concepts we will study
Aspects of Security
consider 3 aspects of information security:
security attack security mechanism security service
Passive Attacks
Active Attacks
Security Services
X.800:
“a service provided by a protocol layer of communicating open systems, which ensures adequate security of the systems or of data transfers”
RFC 2828:
“a processing or communication service provided by a system to give a specific kind of protection to system resources”
Security Services (X.800)
Authentication - assurance that the communicating entity is the one claimed
Access Control - prevention of the unauthorized use of a resource
Data Confidentiality –protection of data from unauthorized disclosure
Data Integrity - assurance that data received is as sent by an authorized entity
Non-Repudiation - protection against denial by one of the parties in a communication
Security Mechanisms (X.800)
specific security mechanisms:
encipherment, digital signatures, access controls, data integrity, authentication exchange, traffic padding, routing control, notarization
pervasive security mechanisms:
trusted functionality, security labels, event detection, security audit trails, security recovery
Model for Network Security
Model for Network Access
Security
Model for Network Access
Security
using this model requires us to:
- select appropriate gatekeeper functions to identify users
- implement security controls to ensure only authorised users access designated information or resources