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Unit Number & Title Unit 02: Networking
Qualification Pearson BTEC Level 5 HND in Computing and System Development
Start Date
Deadline / Hand-in
Assessor
Assignment Title LAN / WAN Communication
Purpose of this assignment: To develop learners’ skills of independent enquiry by undertaking a
sustained investigation of direct relevance to their vocational, academic and professional
development.
Scenario
ABC (Pvt) Ltd has a Head Office (HO) and 02 Branches. Both the HO and the Branch (BR) is
connected to a single Service Provider. The connection between the service provider and the client is
terminated as a Serial Interface. Communication should be happening between the HO and the BRs.
Service Provider
Consider using a single router to connect the three (03) locations.
ABC (Pvt) Ltd
The HO has 03 sections. Namely 1) Management; 2) Sales; 3) Engineering. The BRs do have a
single department
Task
The student is to implement the Scenario through Cisco Packet Tracer. Based on the results a report
is to be prepared.
Task 01
1.1 Using different transmission media use the appropriate connectivity
This task provides evidence for P02.1.
1.2 Discuss the appropriate devices used for the scenario
This task provides evidence for P02.1.
1.3 If network security, reliability and performance was looked into discuss how to implement and
manage in a real world situation
This task provides evidence for P02.1.
1.4 Produce an appropriate project plan for the design, implementation and documentation
This task provides evidence for P02.1.
This task provides evidence for P02.1.
Task 02
2.1 Design the project using appropriate devices
This task provides evidence for P02.2.
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2.2 Use suitable devices and components to design and implement
This task provides evidence for P02.2.
2.3 Indicate the real world servers that could be used for the organization and there purpose
This task provides evidence for P02.2.
This task provides evidence for P02.2.
2.4 Indicate the real world workstation that can be used for different entities of the organizational
structure This task provides evidence for
P02.2.
Task 03
3.1 Implement the given scenario with WAN Bandwidth limitation and discuss why it has been
limited
This task provides evidence for P02.3.
3.2 Explain the use of routing protocols and VLAN configuration consider future explantions
This task provides evidence for P02.3.
3.3 Evidence of testing of communication between the sites in working condition
This task provides evidence for P02.3.
Task 04
4.1 Evidence of troubleshooting if a problem occurs should be indicated
This task provides evidence for
P02.4.
4.2 Discuss the Network Monitoring tools that can be used
This task provides evidence for
P02.4.
4.3 Evaluate the functionalities of the project
This task provides evidence for
P02.4.
Evidence checklist Summary of evidence required by student
Evidence
Presented
Task 1
Should be able to examine networking principles and
their protocols
Task 2 Choose correct networking devices and operations
Task 3 Design efficient networked systems
Task 4 Implement and diagnose networked systems
Support Materials
Textbooks
BURGESS, M. (2003) Principles of Network and System Administration. 2nd Ed.
ii
LO1 Examine networking principles and their protocols
1.1 formulate and record possible outline project specifications
1.2 identify the factors that contribute to the process of project selection
1.3 produce a specification for the agreed project
1.4 produce an appropriate project plan for the agreed project
LO2 Explain networking devices and operations
2.1 match resources efficiently to the project
undertake the proposed project in accordance with the agreed
specification
2.3 organise, analyse and interpret relevant outcomes
LO3 Be able to evaluate the project outcomes
LO3 Design efficient networked systems
3.2 interpret and analyse the results in terms of the original project
specification
3.3 make recommendations and justify areas for further consideration
LO4 Implement and diagnose networked systems
4.1 produce a record of all project procedures used
4.2 Resolve WAN issues to improve security, reliability and performance
4.3 Critically evaluate the performance of a WAN
Higher Grade achievements (where applicable)
Grade descriptor
Achieved?
(tick)
Grade descriptor
Achieved?
(tick)
M1 Compare common
networking principles and
D1 Considering a given
iv
how protocols enable the
effectiveness of networked
Systems
scenario, identify the
topology protocol
selected for the efficient
Roles of a network.................................................................................................................................................
Networking system
M2 Explore a range of
server types and justify
the selection of a server,
considering a given
scenario regarding cost
and performance
optimization
M3 Install and configure
network services and
applications on your
choice
D2 Design a
maintenance schedule
to support the
Networked system
M4 Recommend potential
enhancements for the
networked systems
D3 Use critical reflection
to evaluate own work
and justify valid
Conclusions
v
vii
Table of Contents
List of Figures..............................................................................................................................................................ix
List of Tables...............................................................................................................................................................xi
- CHAPTER 01..................................................................................................................................................................... Abstract......................................................................................................................................................................xi
- Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................
- Networking principles and Protocols...........................................................................................................................
- Network System Types............................................................................................................................................
- Networking standards.................................................................................................................................................
- Network Topologies....................................................................................................................................................
- Topologies used in a LAN...........................................................................................................................................
- Transmission Media...................................................................................................................................................
- The Appropriated devices used for the scenario.......................................................................................................
- Switch....................................................................................................................................................................
- Router....................................................................................................................................................................
- Access Point...........................................................................................................................................................
- Servers...................................................................................................................................................................
- Firewall..................................................................................................................................................................
- Network Security, Reliability and Performance.........................................................................................................
- Network Protocols.....................................................................................................................................................
- Roles of a network.................................................................................................................................................
- Gantt Chart............................................................................................................................................................
- CHAPTER 02...................................................................................................................................................................
- Network servers........................................................................................................................................................
- Implemented Network Design...................................................................................................................................
- Configuration of the Designed Network....................................................................................................................
- Networking devices and software.............................................................................................................................
- Types of network devices..........................................................................................................................................
- Layer 2 Switch........................................................................................................................................................
- Router....................................................................................................................................................................
- Access Point...........................................................................................................................................................
- Hub........................................................................................................................................................................
- Bridge....................................................................................................................................................................
- Gateway................................................................................................................................................................
- Differentiate Different Networking Software............................................................................................................
- Network workstation.................................................................................................................................................
- CHAPTER 03...................................................................................................................................................................
- Bandwidth allocation.................................................................................................................................................
- Different Routing Protocols.......................................................................................................................................
- Static routing.........................................................................................................................................................
- Dynamic Routing...................................................................................................................................................
- Real World Diagram...................................................................................................................................................
- Evidence of testing of communication between the sites in working condition.......................................................
- CHAPTER 04...................................................................................................................................................................
- Networking monitoring tools and software...............................................................................................................
- Troubleshooting........................................................................................................................................................
- References.....................................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.2: Global Network.............................................................................................................................................. Figure 0 .1: Network Configuration Management..........................................................................................................xii
- Figure 1.3 : Computer Network.......................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.4: Personal rea Network....................................................................................................................................
- Figure 0 .5:Local Area Network........................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.6:Wide Area Network........................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.7:Wireless Local Area Network..........................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.8:Bus Topology..................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.9:Star Topology................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.10:Ring Topology.............................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.11:Tree Topology.............................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.12:Mesh Topology...........................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.13: Hybrid Topology........................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.14:Sample Hybrid Topology.............................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.15:Transmission Media....................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.16: Twisted Pair Cable.....................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.17:Coaxial Cable..............................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.18: Optical Fiber Cable.....................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.19: Frequencies of Unguided Media................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.20:Switch.........................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.21: Router........................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.22:Access point................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.23:Description of Access Point........................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.24:Types of Servers..........................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.25: Two Layer Model.......................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.26: Tree Layer Model.......................................................................................................................................
- Figure 1.27: Gantt Chart................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 28: Diagram of Implemented Network...............................................................................................................
- Figure 3.29:Static Routing.............................................................................................................................................
- Figure 3.30:Dynamic Routing........................................................................................................................................
- Figure 3.31:Real world Diagram....................................................................................................................................
- Figure 32.10:Connectivity of DC Management PC.........................................................................................................
- Figure 33.11:Connectivity of DC Management Laptop..................................................................................................
- Figure 3.34:Connectivity of DC Sales PC........................................................................................................................
- Figure 35:Connectivity of DR Management PC..............................................................................................................
- Figure 36 :Connectivity of DR Sales PC..........................................................................................................................
- Figure 37:Connectivity of DR Sales Laptop....................................................................................................................
List of Tables
Table 1.1Advantages & Disadvantages of Star Topology............................................................................................... 10
Table 1.2: Advantages & Disadvantages of Ring Topology............................................................................................ 11
Table 1.3: Advantages & Disadvantages of Tree Topology............................................................................................ 12
Table 1.4: Advantages & Disadvantages of Mesh Topology.......................................................................................... 14
Table 1.5: Advantages & Disadvantages of Hybrid Topology......................................................................................... 15
Table 3.6: Advantages & Disadvantages of Static Routing............................................................................................. 55
Table 3.7: Advantages & Disadvantages of Dynamic Routing........................................................................................ 59
Abstract
The document has mainly focused on creating and configuring an Organization Network for a selected
company. I have examined networking principles and their protocols, to select the best model to be
xi
xiii
CHAPTER 01
Introduction
Global networks need data and information that is constantly updated. Therefore, they required a good
routing of communications. Since then, routing protocols have been developed. This has made it possible to
correctly transmit information to the necessary locations and maintain good network connectivity over LAN
and WAN networks. Organizations trend to build up networks for data transmission in purpose of efficient
information communication.
The ABC (Pvt) Ltd has requested a network scenario for their usage. It has a Head Office (HO) and 02
Branches (BR) and both the HO and the Branch are connected to a single Service Provider. Communication
should be happening between the HO and the BRs since they are situated in three different locations. Inside
the HO, it has 03 sections as Management, Sales and Engineering but the BRs do have only single
department.
Based on the scenario designed through the Cisco Packet Tracer, the results have to be configured to prepare
a report to handover to the organization. The report will include about using different transmission media
and using the appropriate connectivity devices with their network security, reliability and performance after
implementing to manage in a real-world situation. It will indicate the real-world servers that could be used
for the organization and their purpose in the organizational structure. Later the given scenario will be
implemented with WAN Bandwidth limitation and discuss why it has been limited and explain the use of
routing protocols and VLAN configuration.
Finally, the document will be finalized with evidence of testing of communication between the sites in
working condition and troubleshooting if a problem occurs and discuss the Network Monitoring tools that
can be used to evaluate the functionalities of the project to the organization.
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Figure 1. 2 : Global Network
Uses of Computer Network
Resources Sharing
Can be shared the resources such as data, Information, documents & programs to the end users.
Server Client Model
Use as the place of store the data in the server & can be use it to use once it is needed.
Provide a platform to communicate
Can be communicate with the employees through the web sites & e mails.
E – Commerce
This is very useful advantage of the computer network. Can be done the business through the
internet.
(Online Shopping)
3
Network System Types............................................................................................................................................
We can categorize various types of computer systems according to their size expressed by the geographical
area of the computers connected and with their purpose and also.
Categories of Computer Networks
Personal Area Network
Local Area Network
Wide Area Network
Metropolitan Area Network
P ersonal A rea N etwork is a computer network formed around a person. It can be used for establishing
communication among phones, laptops and other personal devices connected digitally through internet.
Indicating two devices are trying to communicate & share information in a shorter distance.
Figure 1. 4 : Personal rea Network
(Source : http://www.itrelease.com/2018/07/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-personal-area-network-
pan/)
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Figure 1. 6 :Wide Area Network
(Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/KhrVm3c33caaVf3r9)
W ireless L ocal A rea N etwork is used to connect single or multiple components by using wireless
communication within a defined range such as office or institute. The network type provides users to
communicate within the coverage wirelessly.
Figure 1. 7 :Wireless Local Area Network
(Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/LLjKvMSqdPsFTUW3A)
V irtual L ocal A rea N etwork is a network used to connect one or many LANs to enable connection of
multiple wired and wireless devices to the network and create a signal logical network, which appears
similar as the WAN. There won’t be needed to use wired media for data transmission and building a
network. The network will be connected wirelessly with the server and workstations.
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As the description have explained the main purpose of establishing a VLAN is to make a wide area covered
network to be simple to handle and send and receive data packets by a user requires and build up restrictions
logically, which is easier and more profitable than physical restrictions.
Since the devices can be configured one by one by sending data packets through various paths it can be
ensured that the network is responding to al the devices. By the evidence of the above quotes it can be
suggested that the VLAN system is most suitable to the organization.
(Computer Network Tutorial - Javapoint, 2020)
Networking standards
Networking standards are used to ensure the operations done within the networked devices by defining
required rules to communicate. These standards also guarantee that the users can work efficiently together
with less risk. The standards used to wireless networks are like 802.11a and Gigabit Wi-Fi. For wired
networks Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet networking standards are used.
The types of networking standards
There are some networking standards which are published by cisco. Those are,
ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
ANSI (American National Standard Institute)
IEEE (Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers)
ISO (International Standards Organization)
ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
ITU -T
The ITU – T is furnished the unique platform for communicate the telecommunication Operations &
Services for the entire world. And the services are Coordination & Cooperation with Peaceful Activities,
Producing Global Standards, Bridging the standardization gap and informing the information.
ITU – R
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