LCE Study Guide (Rajasi Joshi-Section 018 and 022)

Knowledge Portion (50 pts, in recitation)

Scientific Method

Given an experimental design tell me what the manipulated, dependent and controlled variables are and what the

positive and negative controls are

Given a scientific problem and a hypothesis, design an experiment for me, including proper controls

Know what the difference is between your hypothesis and your experimental prediction(s)

Biomolecules

Know the general structures and properties of the biomolecules we worked with: sugars, starch, proteins, fats

If I give you an assay name, tell me what molecule it tests for.

If I give you a biomolecule, tell me what assay you would use to test for it

Spectrophotometry

Know the nomenclature “A” and “OD” (i.e. What do those mean and is there a difference between them?)

Know and be able to apply Beer’s Law.

Know how to set the wavelength, blank the machine and take a reading of a sample.

When given a sample to test, tell me what solution would make a good blank for that sample.

Solutions and Serial Dilutions

Be able to apply the equation CiVi = CfVf to make different concentrations of stock solutions

Understand how to use “X” solutions

If given a dilution scheme and an initial concentration of a stock solution, calculate the concentrations of each dilution.

If given desired concentrations of a dilution series, create a dilutions scheme to create the desired concentrations (i.e.

What volumes of diluent and stocks would you use?)

If given the molecular weight of a compound, be able to tell me how to make solutions of a specified molarity and

volume or percentage and volume.

Enzymes

Know why enzymes are affected by environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, pH) and why they have optimum

temperatures and pHs.

Know why/how substrate concentration affects enzyme rates and why the rate max’es out

Signal Transduction

Know what signal transduction means and does

Know the three stages of signal transduction

Know what a ligand is

Know the roles that G-Proteins and Tyrosine Kinases play in signal transduction

Know what kinase cascades are and how they affect signal transduction (what is their advantage?)

Know what second messengers are and know examples

Paper Chromatography (Fly eyes)

Know how paper chromatography works

If given chromatography results, tell me the order of the biochemical pathway

If given a pathway and mutants, predict (draw) what the chromatogram would look like

Be able to calculate the Rf value for a spot on a chromatography paper

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LCE Study Guide (Rajasi Joshi-Section 018 and 022)

Knowledge Portion (50 pts, in recitation)

Scientific Method  Given an experimental design tell me what the manipulated, dependent and controlled variables are and what the positive and negative controls are  Given a scientific problem and a hypothesis, design an experiment for me, including proper controls  Know what the difference is between your hypothesis and your experimental prediction(s) Biomolecules  Know the general structures and properties of the biomolecules we worked with: sugars, starch, proteins, fats  If I give you an assay name, tell me what molecule it tests for.  If I give you a biomolecule, tell me what assay you would use to test for it Spectrophotometry  Know the nomenclature “A” and “OD” (i.e. What do those mean and is there a difference between them?)  Know and be able to apply Beer’s Law.  Know how to set the wavelength, blank the machine and take a reading of a sample.  When given a sample to test, tell me what solution would make a good blank for that sample. Solutions and Serial Dilutions  Be able to apply the equation CiVi = C fVf to make different concentrations of stock solutions  Understand how to use “X” solutions  If given a dilution scheme and an initial concentration of a stock solution, calculate the concentrations of each dilution.  If given desired concentrations of a dilution series, create a dilutions scheme to create the desired concentrations (i.e. What volumes of diluent and stocks would you use?)  If given the molecular weight of a compound, be able to tell me how to make solutions of a specified molarity and volume or percentage and volume. Enzymes  Know why enzymes are affected by environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, pH) and why they have optimum temperatures and pHs.  Know why/how substrate concentration affects enzyme rates and why the rate max’es out Signal Transduction  Know what signal transduction means and does  Know the three stages of signal transduction  Know what a ligand is  Know the roles that G-Proteins and Tyrosine Kinases play in signal transduction  Know what kinase cascades are and how they affect signal transduction (what is their advantage?)  Know what second messengers are and know examples Paper Chromatography (Fly eyes)  Know how paper chromatography works  If given chromatography results, tell me the order of the biochemical pathway  If given a pathway and mutants, predict (draw) what the chromatogram would look like  Be able to calculate the Rf value for a spot on a chromatography paper

PCR

 Know what PCR does and its applications  Know the three steps of a PCR cycle  Know what is happening to the DNA at each step of a PCR cycle  Know what each ingredient of the cocktail is contributing to the in vitro reaction (especially the primers)  Know why Taq polymerase is used rather than a normal DNA polymerase Transformation  What do we mean by ‘lateral transfer’ of genes?  What are the various methods of lateral transfer of genes that occur in nature and what are their mechanisms?  Which lateral transfer method did we used in lab?  Know what is happening in the transformation tube at each step of the procedure (e.g. What is happening when you incubate at 37oC in LB broth?)  What do we mean by a ‘selective medium’?  Be able to interpret transformation results (i.e. why does the culture grow on one medium but not the other?)  Be able to interpret predict transformation results (i.e. on which media will the culture grow & on which will it NOT grow?) DNA Fingerprinting & Agarose Gel Electrophoresis  If given a DNA restriction map and set of enzymes with which to cut the DNA, tell me the number and sizes of the resulting fragments  If given a gel diagram with the marker lane indicated, be able to draw where those fragments would migrate on the gel.  Be able to compare DNA restriction maps and a gel picture of a digestion to tell me which plasmid was loaded on the gel.  Know which pole DNA moves toward and why  Know the three reasons for adding loading dye to your samples before loading the gel  If given a gel picture DNA samples and with marker lane, estimate the size (in base pairs) of the DNA fragments in the samples

LCE Study Guide: Scientific Method, Biomolecules, Spectrophotometry, Solutions, Enzymes, S, Study notes of Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Partial preview of the text

Download LCE Study Guide: Scientific Method, Biomolecules, Spectrophotometry, Solutions, Enzymes, S and more Study notes Cellular and Molecular Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

LCE Study Guide (Rajasi Joshi-Section 018 and 022)

Knowledge Portion (50 pts, in recitation)

PCR