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Database Management Systems: Understanding the Hierarchy of Data from Bits to Databases, Lecture notes of Data Communication Systems and Computer Networks

Massey UniversityData Communication Systems and Computer Networks

An overview of databases, database management systems (DBMS), and the hierarchy of data. Learn about the components of data, from bits to databases, and how they are logically organized into fields, records, files, and databases. Understand the role of DBMS in managing and organizing data.

Typology: Lecture notes

2019/2020

Uploaded on 06/21/2020

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Data base
DATA : FACTS AND STATISTICS COLLECTED TOGETHER FOR
REFERENCE OR ANALYSIS.
DATABASE :A STRUCTURED SET OF DATA HELD IN A COMPUTER,
ESPECIALLY ONE THAT IS ACCESSIBLE IN VARIOUS WAYS.
DBMS : (DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) SOFTWARE THAT
HANDLES THE STORAGE RETRIEVAL AND UPDATING OF DATA IN
A COMPUTER SYSTEM.
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Data base

DATA : FACTS AND STATISTICS COLLECTED TOGETHER FOR

REFERENCE OR ANALYSIS.

DATABASE :A STRUCTURED SET OF DATA HELD IN A COMPUTER,

ESPECIALLY ONE THAT IS ACCESSIBLE IN VARIOUS WAYS.

DBMS : (DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) SOFTWARE THAT

HANDLES THE STORAGE RETRIEVAL AND UPDATING OF DATA IN

A COMPUTER SYSTEM.

Database management system

A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS) IS A SOFTWARE PACKAGE

DESIGNED TO DEFINE,

MANIPULATE, RETRIEVE AND MANAGE DATA IN A DATABASE. A DBMS

GENERALLY MANIPULATES THE

DATA ITSELF, THE DATA FORMAT, FIELD NAMES, RECORD STRUCTURE AND

FILE STRUCTURE. IT ALSO DEFINES

RULES TO VALIDATE AND MANIPULATE THIS DATA.

Hierarchy of data

BIT (CHARACTER) - A BIT IS THE SMALLEST UNIT OF DATA REPRESENTATION VALUE

OF A BIT MAY BE A 0 OR 1 EIGHT

BITS MAKE A BYTE WHICH CAN REPRESENT A CHARACTER OR A SPECIAL SYMBOL IN

A CHARACTER CODE.

FIELD - A FIELD CONSISTS OF A GROUPING OF CHARACTERS. A DATA FIELD

REPRESENTS AN ATTRIBUTE (A CHARACTERISTIC

OR QUALITY) OF SOME ENTITY (OBJECT, PERSON, PLACE, OR EVENT).

RECORD - A RECORD REPRESENTS A COLLECTION OF ATTRIBUTES THAT DESCRIBE A

REAL-WORLD ENTITY. A RECORD

CONSISTS OF FIELDS, WITH EACH FIELD DESCRIBING AN ATTRIBUTE OF THE ENTITY.

Hierarchy of data

FILE - A GROUP OF RELATED RECORDS. FILES ARE FREQUENTLY CLASSIFIED BY THE

APPLICATION FOR WHICH THEY ARE

PRIMARILY USED (EMPLOYEE FILE). A PRIMARY KEY IN A FILE IS THE FIELD (OR FIELDS)

WHOSE VALUE IDENTIFIES A

RECORD AMONG OTHERS IN A DATA FILE.

DATABASE - IS AN INTEGRATED COLLECTION OF LOGICALLY RELATED RECORDS OR FILES. A

DATABASE CONSOLIDATES

RECORDS PREVIOUSLY STORED IN SEPARATE FILES INTO A COMMON POOL OF DATA

RECORDS THAT PROVIDES DATA FOR

MANY APPLICATIONS. THE DATA IS MANAGED BY SYSTEMS SOFTWARE CALLED DATABASE

MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

(DBMS). THE DATA STORED IN A DATABASE IS INDEPENDENT OF THE APPLICATION

PROGRAMS USING IT AND OF THE

TYPES OF SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES ON WHICH IT IS STORED