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Electrical and Computer Engineering 1of 17
UAH CPE 112
Structured Data Types
•Unlike a simple data type which has only a single
data item, a structured data type is one in which
each value is a collection of component items.
•String is an example of a structured data type.
Individual elements are accessed by index:
myString[3]
•C++ has the following structured data types:
struct, union, class, and arrays
Electrical and Computer Engineering 2of 17
UAH CPE 112
Records (C++ structs)
•A record is a heterogeneous structured data
type (struct).
•Each component of a record is called a field
of the record (member), and each field is
given a name called the field (member)
name.
Electrical and Computer Engineering 3of 17
UAH CPE 112
struct Syntax
StructDeclaration
struct TypeName
{MemberList
};
MemberList
DataType MemberName ;
DataType MemberName ;
.
.
.
Electrical and Computer Engineering 4of 17
UAH CPE 112
struct Example
enum GradeType (A, B, C, D, F);
struct StudentRec
{
string firstName;
string lastName;
float gpa;
int programGrade;
int quizGrade;
int finalExam;
GradeType courseGrade;
};
StudentRec firstStudent;
StudentRec student;
int grade;
Electrical and Computer Engineering 5of 17
UAH CPE 112
Accessing Individual Components
•To access an individual member of a struct
variable, you give the name of the variable,
followed by a dot (period), and then the member
name. This expression is called a member selector.
MemberSelector
StructVariable.MemberName
•Examples:
firstStudent.gpa
student.finalExam
Electrical and Computer Engineering 6of 17
UAH CPE 112
Using structs
cin >> student.finalExam;
grade = student.finalExam +
student.programGrade + student.quizGrade;
if (grade >= 900)
student.courseGrade = A;
else if (grade >= 800)
student.courseGrade = B;
else if (grade >= 700)
.
.
.
