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Light:Reflection and Refraction, Schemes and Mind Maps of Physics

Physics

Light – Reflection & Refraction Notes (High Scoring Exam Ready Material) These notes cover the complete chapter of Light – Reflection and Refraction in a simple, easy-to-understand format. Concepts are explained in clear language with proper definitions, rules, formulas, short tricks and examples. Perfect for quick revision and board exam preparation.

Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps

2025/2026

Available from 11/04/2025

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Light: Reflection and
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Sonali Ranjan
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Light: Reflection and

Refraction

Sonali Ranjan

Light

Light is a form of energy that enables us to see

objects.

It travels in a straight line in a homogeneous

medium (Rectilinear propagation).

The speed of light in vacuum: c = 3 × 10 ⁸ m/s.

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  1. Angle of incidence (i) = Angle of reflection (r)

Laws of Reflection

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  1. Incident ray, reflected ray and normal lie in the

same plane.

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Concave Mirror (converging )

Reflective surface is curved inward.

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Convex Mirror (diverging )

Reflective surface is curved outward. sonali ranjan

Centre of Curvature (C): Centre of

the sphere of which mirror is part.

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Radius of Curvature (R): Distance PC.

Principal Axis: Line joining P and C.

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Focal Length (f): Distance PF.

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Mirror Formula

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Refraction of Light

Bending of light when it passes from one medium to

another due to change in speed.

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1. Incident ray, refracted ray, and normal lie in the

same plane.

Laws of Refraction

2. Snell 's Law :

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Lense

1. Convex Lens (converging)

2. Concave Lens (diverging)

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