Download Louisiana landscape Horticulture state exam questions with correct answers New 2025/2026 and more Exams Gardening and Horticulture in PDF only on Docsity!
Louisiana landscape Horticulture state exam questions with correct
answers New 2025/2026 Update
Cultivars - ANSWER-designates a special group of plants, may differ in growth habit, season of maturity, fruit, color, shape root systems - ANSWER-taproot and fibrous function of root system - ANSWER-absorption, anchorage, conduction, storage taproot - ANSWER-grows directly downward stems - ANSWER-support, conduction, storage conduction - ANSWER-movement of water, mineral solutions, and substances manufactured in plants xylem - ANSWER-vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant through inner tissue phloem - ANSWER-food from leaves moves out of leaves through outer stem monocots - ANSWER-angiosperms that have only one seed leaf Dicots - ANSWER-angiosperms that have two seed leaves girdle - ANSWER-complete circle of dead tissue around the stem with interrupts the food supply pipeline nodes - ANSWER-where leaves attach to stem
internodes - ANSWER-the stem segments between nodes specialized stems and roots - ANSWER-bulbs, corms, rhizomes, tubers, tuberous roots Angiosperms - ANSWER-flowering plants that produce seeds in fruit Gymnosperms - ANSWER-plants that produce seeds but not flowers pistil - ANSWER-Female part of the flower stigma - ANSWER-expanded tip of the style priority in which plants receive food - ANSWER-flowers, seeds, leaves, stems, roots macronutrients - ANSWER-nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Micronutrients - ANSWER-boron, manganese, copper, zinc, iron, molybdenum, chlorine N-P-K - ANSWER-nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium WATER - ANSWER-ingredient in photosynthesis, solvent for nutrients, cools plant during transpiration, gives plant tissue rigidity and turgor Permanent Wilting Point (PWP) - ANSWER-soil moisture content at which plants can no longer obtain enough moisture to meet transpiration requirements, causing the plant to wilt and die Microclimate - ANSWER-areas with certain consistent variations in light, temperature, and moisture in a garden heat travels - ANSWER-conduction, convection, radiation
Propagation Disadvantage - ANSWER-producing offspring that are not uniform reproductive phase - ANSWER-1. flower or cone bud induction
- flower bud initiation and development
- flowering
- fruit and seed production if fertilization occurs storage - ANSWER-good conditions necessary to slow down the seeds biological activity, metabolism, but not stop activity required for germination - ANSWER-water and temperature Asexual propagation - ANSWER-"vegetative" reproducing by tip layering, runners, tuberous roots, underground stems layering division seperation grafting - ANSWER-joining of two different plant parts so that they will heal together and continue to grow as one irrigation - ANSWER-judge when plants need water sight weight touch when to plant balled and burlapped - ANSWER-September to April bare root stock planting time - ANSWER-December to march
planting a solitary tree or shrub - ANSWER-dig the hole at least two or three times wider than the root ball of the plant organic amendments - ANSWER-do not significantly enhance the growth of ornamental plants. mulch - ANSWER-maintains uniform soil moisture level insulate roots from temp extremes reduce soil-borne diseases on foilage help prevent weeds granular fertilizers - ANSWER-3:1:2 and 4:1:2 ratio are generally recommended for primary plant food nutrients pruning - ANSWER-eliminate dead, diseased, dying or wounded limbs to improve the form and balance of a plant to guide the growth habit to stimulate new growth to rejuvenate older plantings to maintain a geometric shape auxin - ANSWER-a plant hormone that promotes root formation and bud growth thinning out - ANSWER-complete removal of branches back to a lateral branch or the main trunk heading back - ANSWER-removes the terminal portion if twigs to an axillary bud or node most broad leaf shrubs respond well to rejuvenate type pruning - ANSWER-true
ideal nightime temp for interior plants - ANSWER- 50 - 60 F insect identifying classifications - ANSWER-three body regions three pairs of legs on pair of antenna one or two pair of wings parts of an insect head - ANSWER-maxilla mandible labrum insect body regions - ANSWER-head thorax abdomen metamorphasis - ANSWER-change of form pupa - ANSWER-intermediate stage between larva and adult types of plant diseases - ANSWER-pathogenic non-pathogenic non pathogenic diseases - ANSWER-nutrient deficiencies lack of soil moisture to low or high temp air pollution soil pH hardpans
chemical injury pathogenic disease - ANSWER-occurs when a host plant is invaded by a pathogen 3 factors of pathogenic disease - ANSWER-susceptible host parasitic organism environmental conditions 4 major groups of parasitic organisms - ANSWER-fungi bacteria viruses nematodes saprophytes - ANSWER-beneficial fungi how fungi reproduces - ANSWER-forming spores, sclerotia, and mycelia fragments penetration of plant tissue - ANSWER-direct penetration through stomates through wounds bacteria - ANSWER-Don't produce spores the reproduce by simple cell division how bacteria spread - ANSWER-blowing rain insects humans seed
Bahia bermuda - ANSWER-fine texture zoysia - ANSWER-med-fine texture st. aug - ANSWER-very coarse texture centipede - ANSWER-coarse texture carpet grass - ANSWER-very coarse texture Bahia grass - ANSWER-very coarse texture vegetative turf grass establishment - ANSWER-stolonizing sprigging plugging sodding strip sodding types of turf fertilizers - ANSWER-synthetic inorganic synthetic organic natural organic arboriculture - ANSWER-The planting and care of woody plants, especially trees. codit - ANSWER-Compartmentalization Of Decay In Trees transplanting size - ANSWER-smaller are usually easier than larger plants of the same species
transplanting season - ANSWER-late November through february determining the need to fertilize - ANSWER-inspect the twig elongation twig growth of trees each year crown raising - ANSWER-removes the lower branches of a tree in order to provide clearance for buildings, signs, vehicles, pedestrians, and lines of sight climbing spurs - ANSWER-can damage a tree, they are approved for use only on trees to be removed, or for aerial rescues. best time to plant palms - ANSWER-end of April to august propagation by seed - ANSWER-easiest way to increase the number of palms ground cover - ANSWER-greatly enhance beauty of the landscape erosion control on slopes lawn maintenance reduction filling narrow or odd areas provides vegitative growth reduces temp and glare annuals - ANSWER-complete life cycle in one growing season perennials - ANSWER-live longer than two years color bed guidelines - ANSWER-use masses of the same color pleasantly contrast the background
