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Lower Extremity Orthopaedic Tests, Exams of Orthopedics

Western Governors University (WGU)Orthopedics

A list of lower extremity orthopaedic tests with their procedures and indications. These tests are used to diagnose hip and knee joint pathologies and sciatic neuritis. The tests include Patrick's Fabere, Thomas' Test, Ober's Test, Grind, Doormat sign, Slump test, Anvil, Allis's, Trendellenberg, Acetabular Test (ant and post labrum), Ortolani's, Telescoping, Bounce Home Test, Helfet's Test, On legged hop, Step up/step down, Heal on/off squat test, Single leg squat, Valgus Stress Test, and Varus stress test.

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Available from 09/13/2023

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gerald-leetch 🇺🇸

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ONC Lower Extremity Orthopaedic
Tests Questions with answers
Patrick's Fabere
✔Patient supine. Place foot below opp knee. Dr supports opp asis and applies
pressure to bent knee. Pain in hip and SI Jt.
Thomas' Test
✔Pt supine at end of table so leg is hanging off table. opp knee and hip flexed.
Positive= hip flexion on opp side
Ober's Test
✔Pt side-lying with knee slightly flexed on supporting leg. dr supports hip and lifts
knee into abduction and drops
Grind
✔Pt supine. 90*hip flexion, dr pushes down on knee while rotating hip into IR-ER.
Doormat sign
✔pt standing, drag foot backwards on floor. differentiate hamstring pain at
attachment and sciatic neuritis
Slump test
✔pt sitting, slumps head forward. testing for sciatic neuritis
Anvil
✔pt supine. hip flexed 45*, doctor supports ankle and hits dorsal surface of foot. Pain
response with significant hip pathology
Allis's
✔pt supine, hip + knees bent, comparison of knee height. Difference: side on = (+)
femur. Front on = (+) tibia
Trendellenberg
✔pt standing. pt flexes one knee, note pelvic drop on flexed knee side indicates
weak hip abductors
Acetabular Test (ant labrum)
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ONC Lower Extremity Orthopaedic

Tests Questions with answers

Patrick's Fabere ✔Patient supine. Place foot below opp knee. Dr supports opp asis and applies pressure to bent knee. Pain in hip and SI Jt. Thomas' Test ✔Pt supine at end of table so leg is hanging off table. opp knee and hip flexed. Positive= hip flexion on opp side Ober's Test ✔Pt side-lying with knee slightly flexed on supporting leg. dr supports hip and lifts knee into abduction and drops Grind ✔Pt supine. 90hip flexion, dr pushes down on knee while rotating hip into IR-ER. Doormat sign ✔pt standing, drag foot backwards on floor. differentiate hamstring pain at attachment and sciatic neuritis Slump test ✔pt sitting, slumps head forward. testing for sciatic neuritis Anvil ✔pt supine. hip flexed 45, doctor supports ankle and hits dorsal surface of foot. Pain response with significant hip pathology Allis's ✔pt supine, hip + knees bent, comparison of knee height. Difference: side on = (+) femur. Front on = (+) tibia Trendellenberg ✔pt standing. pt flexes one knee, note pelvic drop on flexed knee side indicates weak hip abductors Acetabular Test (ant labrum)

✔pt supine, hip + knee full flexion ER. Dr applies some long axis compression and extends hip and knee, pushing down on knee and up on ankle into IR Acetabular Test (post labrum) ✔pt supine, hip + knee full flexion IR. Dr applies some long axis compression and extends hip and knee, pushing down on knee and up on ankle into ER Ortolani's ✔pt supine, pistol hip to hear click= dislocation Telescoping ✔Push femur A-P "telescopes" back and forth Bounce Home Test ✔pt supine. 45* hip flexion, bend knee and drop into extension Helfet's Test ✔mark mid-patella and tibial tuberosity. Knee flexion to extension= tibia moves externally.

  1. visible confirmation
  2. palpatory confirmation
  3. palpate vastus medialis for Q,Q,T during extension and compare to other side On legged hop ✔QQTP Step up/step down ✔QQTP Heal on/off squat test ✔QQTP Single leg squat ✔QQTP Valgus Stress Test ✔Dr hold pts lateral tib between arm and body. Dr pushes mediall into valgus in neutral and 30* flexion Varus stress test (collateral ligaments)

IR= inc pain in lateral meniscus McMurray's test ✔knee is fully flexed with tibia ER. Dr slowly extends externally totated leg to 90* with slight varus stress Apley's Test (Grind/distraction) ✔pt prone, knee flexed. Dr kneels on pts hamstring for stabilization. Compression(grind)= inc pain. Distraction = dec pain for meniscus lesion Thassely Test ✔20* of knee flexion, IR and ER. Pain localises to damaged meniscus Patella tap test ✔tap the patella or use sweep motion for mild swelling Effusion (patella ballottement) ✔push patella into joint and release suddenly. Patella seen to rise visably Knee apphrehension test ✔push patella laterally Patella Grinding test/ Fouchet's/ Clark's ✔Grind/Fouchet's= pain on compression Clark's= pain on compression and quad contraction A-P-A/M-L-M Drawer, Inversion/Eversion stress test (talar tilt) ✔Medial/Lateral ankle sprain/instability Squeeze test (Syndesmosis sprain) ✔sitting or supine pain elicited in distal tib fib joint Distal compression test (Syndesmosis sprain) ✔like motion palp ER stress test (Syndesmosis sprain)

✔torsion applied to damaged joint though ER Tourniquet Test ✔(Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome) Tinel's Sign ✔tap post to med malleolus (Tars Tunnel Syndrome) Homan's Sign ✔dorsifelx only, squeeze gastroc for tenderness (Thrombophlebitis) Thompson's Test ✔Achilles tendon rupture Compression test (Metatarsalgia pain) ✔pain in mortons neuroma and metatarsalgia Phalanx flexion test (Metatarsalgia pain) ✔pain in metatarsalgia only