Download LPI - Linux Essentials and more Exams Computer Science in PDF only on Docsity!
LPI - Linux Essentials
Red Hat-based systems use what package file format and what management tools? - The package file format is rpm. The package management tool is yum (or dnf, in the case of Fedora). What command could you use to create a new empty directory named "Test" in your current working directory? - mkdir Test The CentOS Linux distribution is based on what other distribution? - Red Hat NGINX and Apache are two common open-source ___ _______. - Web servers What is the difference between permissive and copyleft? - Copyleft is more restrictive in terms of licensing derivative works. Would you use a standard release or a rolling release distribution for an enterprise Linux server installation? - Standard What would the following line do if placed in a shell script?
rm -rf * - Nothing — it's a comment ;-)
What does FLOSS stand for? - Free Libre Open-Source Software What does 'cloud_user@ip-10-0-1-10 $' in the console mean? - The user cloud_user is logged into the host ip-10-0-1-10, and the shell is running with normal user privileges ($) and ready for commands. What command could you use to reference the documentation of a CLI utility? - man or info, followed by the utility name
To what variable would you add the path to a shell script so you could execute it without referencing the path? - $PATH What source does a Linux distribution typically use for installations? - The distribution's software repository. Does the useradd command create the home directory by default? - useradd merely sets the home directory in /etc/passwd; it doesn't create it by default. What command could you use to display command history? - history What provides the basic utilities expected to exist on an operating system? - The GNU Core utilities What can dpkg-based systems use for package management? - apt What is the basic format of a for loop? - for VARIABLE in SOMETHING do COMMANDS done Which utility can be used to search for a pattern or string? - grep Which utility can be used to count the number of words in a file? - wc What is the basic format of an if statement? - if [ SOME_TEST ] then SOME_COMMANDS
What command could you use to create a new empty file named "file1" in your current working directory? - touch file What happens to a symbolic link if the target file is moved or deleted? - Nothing; the link persists but the old destination is no longer reachable. What command(s) could you use to view all running processes? - ps aux ps -eF (lots of other options) What command could you use to create a new directory called "Test" in the /tmp folder? - mkdir /tmp/Test What commands could you use to resolve www.example.com to an IP address? - host www.example.com dig www.example.com What directory's contents are cleared upon system boot? - /tmp Shell scripts start with what sequence? - #! Name two popular open-source web servers. - Apache NGINX Is ../../tmp a relative or absolute path? - Relative
What is a PID? - A PID is a process ID and is an integer. Which utility (by default) displays the last 10 lines of its input? - tail Does everyone have execute permission on a file if it is given 755 permissions? - Yes, 755 is rwxr-xr-x. What open-source application might you use for a presentation? - Impress (OpenOffice or LibreOffice) What can rpm-based systems use for package management? - yum dnf What would you type to save and quit a file that is open in vim? - :wq Raspberry Pi is what type of Linux system? - Embedded What would the following command do to the file archive.tar in your current working directory? tar xvf archive.tar - tar xvf will extract (verbosely) the file archive.tar. What command could you use to view motherboard information? - dmidecode What utility can you preface a command with to execute with elevated privileges? - sudo What does FSF stand for? - Free Software Foundation How is Linux installed in a virtualized environment? - Typically through conventional means, from installation media onto the abstracted bare metal.
What is the difference between a system user and a regular user? - Apart from system users having a lower UID, system users normally don't have a login shell. What command will create the user 'tester' and the home directory at the same time with defaults? - useradd -m tester What do permissions of 644 mean? - User: Read and write Group: Read Everyone: Read What are OwnCloud and NextCloud? - OwnCloud and NextCloud are open-source cloud applications that function like DropBox. What command could you use to unpack the gzip-compressed archive ./archive.tgz? - tar xzf ./archive.tgz What command could you use to view kernel messages? - dmesg What commands could you use to see the group membership of the user cloud_user? - groups cloud_user id cloud_user cat /etc/group | grep cloud_user Unity, GNOME, and KDE are all examples of what? - Linux desktop environments What is the passwd command used for? - passwd is used for changing passwords and locking accounts.
What command would you use to print the current working directory to the screen? - pwd What option would you use with ls to show permissions and ownership? - -l Debian-based systems use what package file format and what management tools? - The package file format is dpkg. The package management tool is apt. What command would you use to open the man page for ls? - man ls Root always has a UID of what? - 0 What will the following command do to the existing file "file1" in your current working directory? echo "" > file1 - It will replace it with an empty file. To append to a file, you would want to use >>. What are some common open-source programming languages? - C Java Javascript Perl Python PHP In what root-level directory would you find folders for every running PID on the system? - /proc Open-source licensing and freedom (in terms of both use and cost) are permitting Linux to grow rapidly in the _____ and in ______________. - Cloud and virtualization
What command would you use to delete the user 'tester'? - userdel tester What command(s) could you use to create a new and empty file named "newfile" in the current working directory? - touch newfile echo "" > newfile What file could you edit to map IP addresses to host names? - /etc/hosts What command could you use to view information about the system's processor? - cat /proc/cpuinfo What is the default interpreter used on most Linux systems? - Bash (Bourne-Again Shell) Are user passwords stored in /etc/passwd? - No. The hashes are stored in /etc/shadow. What is the purpose of a free-software license? - To establish the terms of modification and redistribution. What is the exit code of a command that ran successfully? - 0
